The Effect of Surgical Trauma in the Nasal Cavity on the Behavior in the Open Field and the Autonomic Nervous System of Rats.

In this article, the effect of surgical damage to the nasal mucosa in rats under the action of general anesthesia was investigated. The motor activity and heart rate variability (HRV) of rats were studied before and 2 days after the surgery. After surgical exposure, motor activity decreased, the time of fading and grooming increased, VLF increased, and HF decreased. Surgical trauma of the nasal septum in rats at the early postoperative stage promotes a pronounced stress response in the form of a sharp shift in the balance of the autonomic nervous system towards the sympathetic level and causes a decrease in exploratory activity, an anxiety, and a depressive-like state in rats.

Collagen Hydrolysis Products Reduce the Formation of Stress-Induced Ulcers by Regulating Stress-Associated Activation of the Neuroendocrine and Immune Systems.

We studied the effect of collagen fragments (PGP and AcPGP) on serum content of epinephrine, corticosterone, and IL-1ß in rats subjected to water-immersion stress. The degree of local inflammation accompanying ulceration was assessed by IL-1ß production by ln. gastricus caudalis cells. In 1 h, the sharp increase in hormone concentrations in the blood of stressed animals reflected the high stress intensity. Intranasal administration of PGP reduced the area of stress-induced ulcers by 63%, prevented the increase in the levels of stress hormones and the main proinflammatory cytokine in rat blood. The concentrations of IL-1ß in cell culture from regional lymph node of experimental animals returned to normal in 24 and 48 h after the stress. Acetylation of PGP prevents with gastroprotection, but does not abrogate other properties of the peptide.

[Septoplasty and tonsillectomy: acute stress response as a measure of effectiveness of local anesthetics].

AIM: To compare the effectiveness of lidocaine and articaineused as local anesthetics in septoplasty and tonsillectomy based on the physiological stress response. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study included 125 patients with nasal septum deviation (NSD) and chronic tonsillitis (CT). The patients presenting with NSD were divided into two groups. Those comprising group 1A (n=32) were treated with a 2% lidocaine solution for local infiltration analgesia (LIA), the patients of group 1B (n=30) were given 2%articaine as LIA. Group 2A contained 32 patients with CT treated with lidocaine, group 2B consisted of 31 patients given articaine. In all the patients, the overall heart rate variability (HRV) including its high, low, and very low components was measured. RESULTS: Evaluation of HRV revealed a certain degree of disadaptation in the patients of groups 1B and 2A. High dispersion of SDANN, SDNN index, andrMSSD in group 1Bas well as SDANN values in group 2A indicates the sympathetic/parasympathetic imbalance. The high-frequency component was augmented in group 2B which suggested the prevalence of parasympathetic tone, but its high dispersion was just aswell indicative of disadaptation. CONCLUSION: Local analgesia with articaine during septoplasty leads tosympathetic/parasympathetic imbalance during the early postoperative period. Lidocaine analgesia for tonsillectomy does not prevent disadaptation induced by surgical stress.

[Evaluation of functional adaptation level in air specialists according to biochemical indexes of saliva secretion].

It was examined a capability of evaluation of functional condition of air staff by indexes of natrium, kalium, cortisol and glucose in saliva. There were realized 5 series of examinations with participations of 71 airplane pilot of the same level in conditions of realizing flies of different difficultness. Saliva sampling was effectuated before and after the flies not later then 10-15 minutes after landing. On pre-flight medical examination and after performance of task of air relay there was registration of systolic, diasystolic blood pressure and cardiac rate. It was posed the correlation of physiological indexes with percentage of examined ingredients in saliva in different flight loads. The results of examinations speak for capability of using of indexes of percentage of natrium, kalium, cortisol and glucose in saliva for evaluation of functional condition of airplane pilots during effectuating the flies and rating of value of flight load with account of individual peculiarities.

[Antitumor effect of natural avermectins]. / Protivoopukholevoe deistvie prirodnykh avermektinov.

The effects of the natural avermectin complex, aversectin C and individual avermectin B1 on the growth of ascitic and solid transplantable tumors in animals were studied. The results showed for the first time that both aversectin C and avermectin B1 possessed marked antitumor activity. In subtoxic doses aversectin C significantly inhibited the growth of P388 lymphoid leukemia and Ehrlich carcinoma, both ascitic and solid ones. In some administration regimens aversectin C inhibited the tumor growth by 70 to 80%. The highest effect of aversectin C was observed after its intraperitoneal administration. Avermectin B1 inhibited the growth of solid Ehrlich carcinoma and carcinoma 755.

[Modification of antitumor effect of vincristine by natural avermectins]. / Modifikatsiia protivoopukhlevogo effekta vinkristina prirodnymi avermektinami.

The effect of avermectins (aversectin C, aversectin C1 and avermectin B1) on the vincristine antitumor action with respect to murine transplantable tumors was studied. It was shown that both the natural avermectins mixtures and the individual avermectin B1 potentiated the antitumor action of vincristine on Ehrlich carcinoma, melanoma B16 and P388 lymphoid leukemia, including the vincristine resistant strain P388. Such an effect of the avermectins was observed only when they were administered after vincristine.

[Adaptive reactions of students from mountain and plain regions of Latin America to conditions of middle Russia]. / Osobennosti adaptivnykh reaktsii studentov iz gornykh i ravninnykh raionov Latinskoi Ameriki k usloviiam srednei polosy Rossii.

This article contains results of the comparative study of the functional state of respiratory and cardiovascular systems of almost healthy students (man) of age 19-22, inhabitants of mountain and plain regions of Latin America during their adaptation to the conditions of middle Russia. We have established that there are reliable distinctions in the functional state of cardio-respiratory system of students from mountain and plain regions of Latin America. So for representatives of mountain regions of LA were typical higher indicators of vital capacity, permeability of large and medium bronchial tubes, stroke volume, lower indicators of heart rate, systolic arterial pressure, myocard tension index, but higher coefficient of myocard efficiency than for inhabitants the plain. Considerable distinctions have been observed also in the intercommunication between different indicators. There have been marked considerable correlation connections between small bronchial tubes permeability and cardiovascular system indicators for plain inhabitants. For mountain regions inhabitants almost every indicator of bronchial tubes permeability correlate reliably with vital capacity, but didn't correlate with hemodynamics indicators.

Combined action of doxorubicin and gestagens on doxorubicin-sensitive and doxorubicin-resistant MCF-7 cells.

The combined cytostatic effect of doxorubicin and gestagens progesterone, medroxyprogesterone acetate, mecigestone, and butagest on doxorubicin-resistant and doxorubicin-sensitive human breast cancer MCF-7 cells was studied by the MTT assay. On the 6th day of incubation progesterone, medroxyprogesterone acetate, mecigestone, and butagest in high concentrations (10(-5) M) potentiated the cytostatic action of doxorubicin in sensitive and resistant cells by 30-50%. Potentiation of the cytostatic effect produced by doxorubicin in sensitive cells is related to intrinsic cytotoxic activity of gestagens. In resistant cells these changes are associated with potentiation of the effect of doxorubicin.

[Specific aspects of hemostasis and lipid peroxidation in thrombocyte membranes during expedition and shift organization of labor]. / Osobennosti distemy gemostaza i perekisnogo okisleniia lipidov membran trombotsitov pri ékspeditsionno-vakhtovoi organizatsii truda.

The aim of the present study is to investigate dynamics of the hemostasis system and structural and functional state of thrombocyte membranes by the LPO and AOD parameters under the conditions of expedition and shift organization of labour of worker tripping from the West Siberia middle latitudes to the Far North. A trend to hypocoagulemia and increases in LPO and AOD reactions were characteristic of the type-1 (adaptive) reaction. The type-2 (hypotensive) reaction included a trend to hypercoagulemia, an increase in LPO and a decrease in AOD reactions in thrombocyte membranes as well as a hypertensive reaction during the whole shift period. The type-3 (asthenic) reaction was described by hypocoagulemia, an increase in the amount of LPO products with a simultaneous decrease in the AOD activity and asthenic sleep disturbance.

[Comparative study of adaptive responses of the cardiorespiratory system in inhabitants of different climatic-geographic regions]. / Sravnitel'noe issledovanie adaptivnykh reaktsii kardiorespiratornoi sistemy u zhitelei razlichnykh klimatogeograficheskikh regionov.

The paper reports the data of comparative study of the cardiorespiratory function in healthy males (19-22 year old) from the countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America lying within the tropic climatic-geographical zone during acute adaptation to the nature and the climate of the middle zone of Russia. The distinctions in respiration, circulation and gas exchange functions in the natives of different climatic-geographical zones were found as during comparative rest so under the combined effects of hypoxia and hypercapnia induced by the rebreathing test and ascribed to the environmental-genetic constitutional properties of the body and the chronobiological characteristics of the place of abode. Reactivity to the combined effects of hypoxia and hypercapnia in different groups is predominantly a function of unequal contributions of hemodynamics and pulmonary ventilation. A relatively low effectiveness of the cardiorespiratory system in representatives of the South-East Asia during acute adaptation was established. These results demonstrate the benefits of the hypoxic-hypercapnic test for determining functional potentials of the cardiorespiratory system in the context of adaptation to a new environment.

[Ecology, adaptation and biorhythms]. / Ekologiia, adaptatsiia i bioritmy.

The interfusion of environmentology and chronobiology makes it possible to explore various physiological mechanisms which arose in the process of evolution as a response to the external challenges. Therefore, a living organism adapts to a changing situation on the environmental and evolutional time scale. Since the temporal structure of environment is rhythmic by nature, body parameters may be strongly dependent on the environmental factors during adaptation. Results of the in-depth environmental and physiological studies of representatives of different climatic-geographical regions pointed to a series of common and individual properties of the human body reaction to an environment. The combination of hypoxia and hypercapnia (rebreathing test) brought into light a relationship of the reciprocal reaction of respiration and circulation to the body mass index and the average annual temperature in a region. The higher the temperature, the lower the body mass index, the weaker the hemodynamic reaction and the more expressed the ventilatory reaction.

[Influence of sodium salicylate, acetylsalicylate, 2, 3-dihydroxybenzoic and 2, 3-diacetoxybenzoic acids on the blood coagulation system and the elimination of heparin]. / Vliianie natriia salitsilata, atsetilsalitsilovoi, 2-3-dioksibenzoinoi i 2-3-diatsetoksibenzoinoi kislot na sistemu svertyvaniia krovi i eliminatsiiu geparina

Tests conducted on rabbits demonstrated that with a long-term enteral introduction (in amounts of 200 mg/kg, twice a day for 10 days) of 2-3-diacetoxybenzoic acid, sodium salicylate and acetylsalicylic acid these compounds depress the coagulation potential of the blood, 2-3-diacetoxybenzoic acid displaying also a hypocoagulation action even with its single administration in a dose of 400 mg/KJI. The said substances raise the level of the endogenous blood heparin and reinforce the anticoagulative action of heparin, 2-3-dioxybenzoic acid lowers somewhat the concentration and the anticlotting effect of heparin.