Effectiveness of web-based personalised feedback interventions for reducing alcohol consumption among university students: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

ISSUES: Meta-analysis was conducted to examine standalone web-based personalised feedback interventions (PFI) delivered in non-structured settings for reducing university students' alcohol consumption. Subgroup analyses by gender-focus, type-of-content and accessibility were conducted. Characteristics of the sample, the intervention and study quality were examined as moderators. APPROACH: Ten databases were searched from 2000 to 2023. Eligible articles involved only randomised controlled trials. Random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to calculate the effect size on weekly alcohol consumption comparing web-PFIs and non-active controls. Meta-regressions were applied to explore effect moderators. KEY FINDINGS: Thirty-one studies were included in the narrative synthesis, 25 of which were meta-analysed. Results found significant effect size differences on weekly alcohol consumption in favour of the intervention group in the short- (SMD = 0.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.06, 0.15) and long-term period (SMD = 0.09, 95% CI 0.02, 0.15). Subgroup analyses identified that interventions which were gender-specific, multicomponent and had unlimited access had higher and significant effect sizes, although they were very similar with respect to comparative groups. Moderator analyses showed that times feedback was accessed significantly contributed to the effectiveness of the intervention. Effects diminished over time, although they remained significant. IMPLICATIONS: The meta-analysis evidences the effectiveness of web-PFI for addressing university students' alcohol use, decreasing by 1.65 and 1.54 drinks consumed per week in the short- and long-term, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The results offer empirical evidence that supports the significant, although small, effect of web-PFI delivered remotely in universities. Future research should focus on increasing their impact by introducing booster sessions and content components based on students' preferences.

Nursing educational framework: A new nurse-driven, conceptually guided approach.

PURPOSE: The aim of this article is to present the Nursing Educational Framework (NEF) as an opportunity to integrate core elements of a humanistic person/family-centered view and as guidance in structuring a relationship-based curriculum. DATA SOURCES: Empirical and theoretical literature studies were reviewed to define the framework rationale and its components. DATA SYNTHESIS: A deductive/inductive collaborative expert-informed approach was undertaken to develop this evidence-based codesigned framework. Its mission, along with unique components, implementation strategies, and outcomes, were successively integrated into the framework to guide nursing knowledge, learning, and curriculum development. A hermeneutic collaborative process of circular reflection was used in the development process. CONCLUSIONS: The NEF contains central guiding principles and concepts that are intended to provide structural consistency across its included programs from a humanistic person/family-centered approach. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: This comprehensive theory-guided framework allows educators to suggest specific directions for nursing practice within the nursing discipline and articulate nursing's unique and specialized approach to promoting excellent patient care outcomes. It can assist students to develop critical lens from a person/family-centered relationship-based practice approach.

PROPÓSITO: El objetivo de este artículo es presentar el Modelo Formativo de Enfermería como una oportunidad para integrar los elementos principales de una visión humanística centrada en la persona/familia y como una guía para estructurar un currículo basado en la relación enfermera/paciente. FUENTES DE DATOS: Se revisó literatura teórica y empírica con el fin de definir las bases fundamentales del modelo y sus componentes. SÍNTESIS DE LOS DATOS: Con el fin de desarrollar el modelo, se planteó una aproximación deductiva/inductiva con enfoque colaborativo y basado en expertos. Su misión, junto con los componentes conceptuales más específicos, estrategias de implementación y resultados, fueron progresivamente integrados en él, para guiar el desarrollo del conocimiento, el aprendizaje y la conformación curricular. Se empleó un proceso hermenéutico colaborativo de reflexión circular. CONCLUSIONES: El modelo contiene los principios guía y conceptos que dan consistencia estructural a todos los programas incluidos, desde un punto de vista humanístico y centrado en la persona/familia. IMPLICACIONES PARA LA PRÁCTICA DE ENFERMERÍA: Este amplio marco teórico permite a los educadores sugerir direcciones específicas para la práctica de la enfermería dentro de la disciplina y articular su enfoque único y especializado para promover excelentes resultados en el cuidado del paciente. Puede ayudar a los estudiantes a desarrollar una lente crítica desde un enfoque de la práctica basada en la relación enfermera/paciente ycentrado en la persona y la familia.

Peer-led BASICS intervention to reduce alcohol consumption and alcohol-related consequences among university students: a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Alcohol consumption is the main substance abused during university and is associated with physical, legal, emotional, social, and cognitive consequences. The peer-led BASICS intervention has been shown to be effective in decreasing the quantity and frequency of drinking, the estimated peak blood alcohol concentration (BAC), and the number of binge drinking episodes among this population. Objective: This study evaluated the effectiveness of the peer-led BASICS intervention to reduce risky alcohol consumption among university students in the Spanish context. Materials and methods: A two-arm randomized controlled trial in a university in northern Spain including 308 first- and second-year university students recruited between October 2022 to March 2023. The intervention was a 30-min in-person peer-led motivational interview. Participants were assessed at baseline and 1-month postintervention. The primary outcome was the quantity and frequency of alcohol consumption during a typical week. The intervention effect was verified using a mixed factorial ANOVA model. Results: Compared with students in the control group, students who received the intervention reduced the number of drinks per week by 5.7 (95% CI 5.54, 5.86); the number of drinks consumed in a typical weekend by 5.2 (95% CI 5.07, 5.33); the number of drinks consumed on the occasion of greatest consumption by 4.9 (95% CI 4.78, 5.02); the number of binge drinking episodes by 1.4 (95% CI 1.37, 1.43); the peak BAC on a typical week and on the occasion of greatest consumption decreased by 0.06 (95% CI 0.058, 0.062) and 0.09 (95% CI 0.088, 0.092); the number of alcohol-related consequences by 5.8 (95% CI 5.67, 5.93); and the motivation to change their alcohol use increased by -0.8 (95% CI -0.85, -0.75). Conclusion: The peer-led BASICS intervention is effective in changing alcohol consumption and its related consequences among Spanish university students in the short term. The action of nursing students as counselors positively impacted drinking patterns among their peers. Clinical trial registration: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05639374?intr=Effectiveness%20of%20a%20Peer-led%20Program%20to%20Prevent%20Alcohol%20Consumption&rank=1&page=1&limit=10, identifier: NCT05639374.

Nurses' attitudes towards family importance in nursing care across Europe.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVE: To explore differences in nurses' attitudes regarding the importance of family in nursing care and factors associated with nurses' attitudes across 11 European countries. BACKGROUND: Family involvement in healthcare has received attention in many European healthcare systems. Nurses have a unique opportunity to promote family involvement in healthcare; however, their attitudes and beliefs may facilitate or impede this practice. DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey across European countries. METHOD: A broad convenience sample of 8112 nurses across 11 European countries was recruited from October 2017 to December 2019. Data were collected using the Families' Importance in Nursing Care-Nurses' Attitudes (FINC-NA) questionnaire. We used the STROBE checklist to report the results. RESULTS: There were significant differences in nurses' attitudes about families' importance in nursing care across Europe. Country was the factor with the strongest association with the total scores of the FINC-NA. Older age, higher level of education, increased years since graduation, having a strategy for the care of families in the workplace, and having experience of illness within one's own family were associated with a higher total FINC-NA score. Being male and working in a hospital or other clinical settings were associated with a lower total FINC-NA score. CONCLUSION: Nurses' attitudes regarding the importance of family in nursing care vary across 11 European countries. This study highlights multiple factors associated with nurses' attitudes. Further research is necessary to gain a deeper understanding of the reasons for nurses' different attitudes and to develop a strong theoretical framework across Europe to support family involvement in patient care. The inclusion of family healthcare programs in the baccalaureate curriculum may improve nurses' attitudes. RELEVANCE FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE: In clinical practice, the focus should be on identifying influencing factors on nurses' attitudes to enhance families' importance in nursing care across Europe.

Systematic review of measurement properties of instruments assessing nurses' attitudes towards the importance of involving families in their clinical practice.

AIMS: To identify, appraise and describe the characteristics and measurement properties of instruments assessing nurses' attitudes towards the importance of involving families in their clinical practice. DESIGN: Psychometric systematic review. DATA SOURCES: The PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were searched from their time of inception to June 2018. REVIEW METHODS: Two reviewers independently assessed the eligibility of studies, extracted data, and appraised the methodological quality of the studies using the COSMIN checklist. RESULTS: A total of 19 studies representing 5 instruments were included. Two instruments-a revised version of the Families' Importance in Nursing Care: Nurses' Attitudes scale (FINC-NA-R) and the Family Nurse Practice Scale (FNPS)-obtained higher scores for most of their properties. The instruments used in the remaining eight studies require further assessment of their psychometric properties. CONCLUSION: This psychometric review offers a synthesis of the quality of the available instruments and gives a better understanding of nursing theory-based tools. The FNPS and FINC-NA-R instruments seem to be the most suitable measures of nurses' attitudes towards the importance of involving families in their clinical practice. IMPACT: The growing emphasis on improving nurse-family relationships and the quality of care provided makes it necessary to have valid and reliable instruments for assessing nurses' attitudes towards the importance of involving families in their clinical practice. This paper provides evidence that will help clinicians and researchers make decisions about the most suitable instrument based on a critical appraisal and comparison of the measurement properties according to a rigorous methodology.

La prevención de caídas recurrentes en el paciente anciano / Recurrent falls prevention in elderly people

Las caídas son "acontecimientos involuntarios que hacen perder el equilibrio y dar con el cuerpo en la tierra u otra superficie firme que lo detenga". Las caídas recurrentes (presencia de dos o más caídas en un año) constituyen un problema frecuente en centros residenciales, y predisponen a las personas mayores a sufrir incapacidad, dependencia y múltiples enfermedades. La aplicación de medidas de prevención puede disminuir notablemente su incidencia y, por tanto, sus consecuencias. El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar qué intervenciones de enfermería pueden ayudar a prevenir caídas recurrentes en las personas mayores institucionalizadas, y minimizar el impacto emocional que ocasionan estos episodios. Para ello, se desarrolla un caso clínico y, tras el análisis de la evidencia científica, se proponen intervenciones para evitar la recurrencia de un episodio de caída y sus consecuencias. El análisis de este caso se estructura en valoración de riesgo de caídas recurrentes e intervenciones de prevención de las mismas. Y, a su vez, cada apartado se divide en aspectos físicos y emocionales. La literatura especializada refleja que la valoración del riesgo de caídas es clave para implantar un plan de cuidados. Conocer los factores de riesgo intrínsecos y extrínsecos ayudará a los profesionales a diseñar intervenciones de prevención. Asimismo, se ha identificado el impacto emocional que producen las caídas en los pacientes y se proponen algunas intervenciones para aliviarlo. Este trabajo refuerza la importancia de realizar una adecuada valoración de enfermería a las personas mayores en riesgo de sufrir caídas recurrentes, a través de diferentes instrumentos para detectar las áreas específicas de intervención. Se concluye con la necesidad de protocolizar esta valoración, tanto física como emocional, para poder individualizarla posteriormente con cada paciente

Falls are "involuntary events that make people lose balance and fall to the ground without any Surface to stop it". Recurrent falls (two or more falls produced in a year) are a frequent problem in geriatrics that predisposes elderly people to inability, dependence, and to suffer many diseases. Prevention measures can decrease the incidence of accidental falls. The aim of this paper is to learn nursing interventions that help preventing new falls and psychological impact in elderly people. To do this, a clinical case is developed. After analysing scientific evidence we propose interventions to prevent falls consequences. The analysis is divided into two sections: fall risk assessment, and interventions to prevent falls. The literature reflects that the valuation of the risk of falling is important to make care interventions. Knowing intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors help us designing these interventions. Literature also reflects that falls produce emotional impact, and it proposes some measures to identify and prevent them. In conclusion, the revision reflects the importance of doing a good nursing assessment to elderly people, using different instruments to detect intervention focuses. This research concludes with the necessity of protocolize the valuation of risk of falling, according to de physical and the emotional aspects, to individualize it to patients

Familia cuidadora y enfermedad deAlzheimer: una revisión bibliográfica / Family care and Alzheimer’s disease: a literature review

La enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) constituye una de lasprincipales causas de dependencia en las personasmayores. Como consecuencia, la atención a la familiaque cuida de estos enfermos dependientes ha cobradorelevancia nacional. Una revisión de la literatura indicaque la mayoría de los estudios dirigidos al cuidadofamiliar de los enfermos de Alzheimer están enfocadosen el cuidador principal, mientras que existe una limitadatrayectoria de investigación en enfermería dirigida a launidad familiar. Afrontar la enfermedad supone para lafamilia tener que redefinir roles, modificar expectativas,asumir alteraciones en las relaciones y responder asituaciones, a menudo, difíciles. Los profesionales de lasalud y concretamente la Enfermería necesitanproporcionar una atención no solo al enfermo y alcuidador principal, sino a toda la unidad familiar (AU)

Mental illness such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are themajor cause of dependence in older people. As a result,attention to relatives who care for dependent elderly peoplewith AD has gained national interest. A literature reviewshows that most studies about family care of AD patientesare focused on the primary caregiver, while there is limitednursing research focused on how the AD affects the familyunit. Coping with the AD means to the family redefineroles, change expectations, deal with altered relationshipsand adopt a practical way to solve difficult situations.Therefore health professionals and specifically nursingprofessionals has the need to provide nursing care not onlyto the patient and primary caregiver, but the whole familyunit (AU)