ADHEFAP: ensayo clínico para evaluar una intervención telefónica educacional-conductual por el farmacéutico de atención primaria en la mejora de la adherencia terapéutica / ADHEFAP: Clinical trial to evaluate an educational-behavioral telephone intervention by the primary care pharmacist to improve therapeutic adherence

Objetivo: Evaluar la mejora en la adherencia terapéutica (AT) de una intervención basada en el seguimiento telefónico por parte del farmacéutico de atención primaria (FAP).Diseño: Ensayo clínico abierto aleatorizado con grupo control. Emplazamiento: Este estudio se realizó en el ámbito de la atención primaria por un equipo multidisciplinar de 13 centros de salud pertenecientes a 4 direcciones asistenciales de la Comunidad de Madrid durante el año 2021. Participantes: Pacientes polimedicados (60-74 años) que aceptasen participar y fueran clasificados como no adherentes según el test Morisky-Green. Se captaron 224 pacientes, de los cuales 87 fueron no adherentes. De estos se perdieron 15, aleatorizándose finalmente 72. Terminaron el estudio 71 pacientes, 33 en el grupo intervención y 38 en el grupo control. Intervenciones: Al grupo intervención se le incluyó en un programa de seguimiento telefónico que consistía en una entrevista para mejorar la adherencia en los meses 1, 2 y 3. Para evaluar la mejora se repetía el test Morisky-Green al 4.° mes. En el control únicamente se realizó el test de AT al 4.° mes. Mediciones principales: Adherencia, medida por el Morisky-Green al inicio y a los 4 meses. Resultados: En el grupo intervención el 72,7% de los pacientes pasaron a ser adherentes, mientras que en el grupo control el 34,2%, siendo la diferencia del 38,5% (IC 95%: 17,1-59,9) estadísticamente significativa (p=0,001). Conclusiones: Tras la intervención de seguimiento telefónico educacional-conductual a pacientes no adherentes por parte del FAP se mejora la AT de forma estadísticamente significativa en el grupo intervención respecto al grupo control.(AU)

Objective: Evaluate the improvement in therapeutic adherence of an intervention based on telephone monitoring by the primary care pharmacist. Design: Randomized open controlled trial. Location: This study was carried out in 2021 by a multidisciplinary team working with health professionals of thirteen health centers belonging to four health districts in Community of Madrid, Spain. ParticipantsThese were patients (60-74 years) with polipharmacy classified as non-adherent according to the Morisky-Green test. Two hundred and twenty-four patients were originally enrolled, 87 of them were non-adherents. Of these, 15 were lost and 72 were finally randomized. Seventy-one patients completed the study (33 intervention group and 38 control group). Interventions: Patients randomized to the intervention arm were included in a follow-up telephone program consisting of an interview at months 1, 2, and 3 to improve adherence. The Morisky-Green test was repeated at month 4 to assess improvement. In the control group this test was only performed at month 4. Main measurements: Adherence measured by Morisky-Green at baseline and at 4th month. Results: The 72.7% of patients in the intervention group became adherent while only 34.2% did in the control arm, being the difference 38.5% (95% CI: 17.1-59.9), statistically significant (P=.001). Conclusions: After a follow-up educational-behavioral telephone intervention in non-adherent patients by the primary care pharmacist, therapeutic adherence was improved statistically significantly in the intervention group compared with the control group.(AU)

[ADHEFAP: Clinical trial to evaluate an educational-behavioral telephone intervention by the primary care pharmacist to improve therapeutic adherence]. / ADHEFAP: ensayo clínico para evaluar una intervención telefónica educacional-conductual por el farmacéutico de atención primaria en la mejora de la adherencia terapéutica.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the improvement in therapeutic adherence of an intervention based on telephone monitoring by the primary care pharmacist. DESIGN: Randomized open controlled trial. LOCATION: This study was carried out in 2021 by a multidisciplinary team working with health professionals of thirteen health centers belonging to four health districts in Community of Madrid, Spain. PARTICIPANTS: These were patients (60-74 years) with polipharmacy classified as non-adherent according to the Morisky-Green test. Two hundred and twenty-four patients were originally enrolled, 87 of them were non-adherents. Of these, 15 were lost and 72 were finally randomized. Seventy-one patients completed the study (33 intervention group and 38 control group). INTERVENTIONS: Patients randomized to the intervention arm were included in a follow-up telephone program consisting of an interview at months 1, 2, and 3 to improve adherence. The Morisky-Green test was repeated at month 4 to assess improvement. In the control group this test was only performed at month 4. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Adherence measured by Morisky-Green at baseline and at 4th month. RESULTS: The 72.7% of patients in the intervention group became adherent while only 34.2% did in the control arm, being the difference 38.5% (95% CI: 17.1-59.9), statistically significant (P=.001). CONCLUSIONS: After a follow-up educational-behavioral telephone intervention in non-adherent patients by the primary care pharmacist, therapeutic adherence was improved statistically significantly in the intervention group compared with the control group.

Sars-Cov-2 Infection in Patients on Long-Term Treatment with Macrolides in Spain: A National Cross-Sectional Study.

The aim of this study was to know the prevalence and severity of COVID-19 in patients treated with long-term macrolides and to describe the factors associated with worse outcomes. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Primary Care setting. Patients with macrolides dispensed continuously from 1 October 2019 to 31 March 2020, were considered. Main outcome: diagnosis of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Secondary outcomes: symptoms, severity, characteristics of patients, comorbidities, concomitant treatments. A total of 3057 patients met the inclusion criteria. Median age: 73 (64-81) years; 55% were men; 62% smokers/ex-smokers; 56% obese/overweight. Overall, 95% of patients had chronic respiratory diseases and four comorbidities as a median. Prevalence of COVID-19: 4.8%. This was in accordance with official data during the first wave of the pandemic. The most common symptoms were respiratory: shortness of breath, cough, and pneumonia. Additionally, 53% percent of patients had mild/moderate symptoms, 28% required hospital admission, and 19% died with COVID-19. The percentage of patients hospitalized and deaths were 2.6 and 5.8 times higher, respectively, in the COVID-19 group (p < 0.001). There was no evidence of a beneficial effect of long-term courses of macrolides in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection or the progression to worse outcomes in old patients with underlying chronic respiratory diseases and a high burden of comorbidity.

Patients receiving a high burden of antibiotics in the community in Spain: a cross-sectional study.

Some patients in the community receive a high burden of antibiotics. We aimed at describing the characteristics of these patients, antibiotics used, and conditions for which they received antibiotics. We carried out a cross-sectional study. Setting: Thirty Health Primary Care Areas from 12 regions in Spain, covering 5,960,191 inhabitants. Patients having at least 30 packages of antibacterials for systemic use dispensed in 2017 were considered. Main outcome measures: Prevalence of antibiotic use, conditions for which antibiotics were prescribed, clinical characteristics of patients, comorbidities, concomitant treatments, and microbiological isolates. Patient's average age was 70 years; 52% were men; 60% smokers/ex-smokers; 54% obese. Overall, 93% of patients had, at least, one chronic condition, and four comorbidities on average. Most common comorbidities were cardiovascular and/or hypertension (67%), respiratory diseases (62%), neurological/mental conditions (32%), diabetes (23%), and urological diseases (21%); 29% were immunosuppressed, 10% were dead at the time of data collection. Patients received three antibiotic treatments per year, mainly fluoroquinolones (28%), macrolides (21%), penicillins (19%), or cephalosporins (12%). Most frequently treated conditions were lower respiratory tract (infections or prophylaxis) (48%), urinary (27%), and skin/soft tissue infections (11%). Thirty-five percent have been guided by a microbiological diagnosis, being Pseudomonas aeruginosa (30%) and Escherichia coli (16%) the most frequent isolates. In conclusion, high antibiotic consumers in the community were basically elder, with multimorbidity and polymedication. They frequently received broad-spectrum antibiotics for long periods of time. The approach to infections in high consumers should be differentiated from healthy patients receiving antibiotics occasionally.

Trazabilidad de medicamentos oncohematológicos a través de códigos de captura de datos / Traceability of oncohematological drugs through data capture codes

No disponible

[Dapagliflozin, a novel oral antidiabetic with an uncertain future]. / Dapagliflozina, novedoso antidiabético oral de futuro incierto.

OBJECTIVE: Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) is one of the main sociosanitary problems; there are many treatments for it. Recently, it has been approved the first drug of a new family of oral hypoglycemic agents (OHA): dapagliflozin. We aimed to review the available scientific evidence on dapagliflozin, in order to analyze its effectiveness, safety and cost and to estimate its role in the current pharmacotherapy of DM2. METHODS: Effectiveness and safety of dapagliflozin were analyzed by an evaluation of the scientific evidence. The cost of different OHA was calculated based on the defined daily dose (DDD) and their ex-factory prices. RESULTS: Seven randomized clinical trials were identified: 2 monotherapy (840 patients) and 5 in combination with other hypoglycemic agents (3184 patients). In the seven trials, dapagliflozin reduced HbA1c; all were compared with placebo, unless in a trial of combination therapy in which was compared with an active drug (glipizide). The most common side effects were genitourinary infections and hypotension, although it should be taken into consideration the increase of the bladder cancer. Besides the DPP-4 inhibitors, dapagliflozin is one of the OHA more expensive (annual cost of DDD= 729.3 euros). CONCLUSIONS: Dapagliflozin does not provide advantages over pharmacotherapy for DM2. Its lack of experience of use, the absence of significant clinical benefits and its high cost make it necessary to restrict its use.

Objetivo: La diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) es uno de los principales problemas sociosanitarios a nivel mundial, para la que existen multitud de tratamientos. Recientemente, se ha aprobado el primer farmaco de una nueva familia de antidiabeticos orales (ADO): la dapagliflozina. Nuestro objetivo es revisar la evidencia cientifica disponible sobre la dapagliflozina, con el fin de analizar su eficacia, seguridad y coste y poder estimar su papel en la farmacoterapia actual de la DM2. Métodos: La eficacia y seguridad de la dapagliflozina se analizaron mediante una evaluacion de la evidencia cientifica. El coste de los diferentes ADO se calculo en base a sus dosis diarias definidas (DDD) y al precio de venta del laboratorio. Resultados: Se identificaron 7 ensayos clinicos aleatorizados: 2 en monoterapia (840 pacientes) y 5 en terapia combinada con otros antidiabeticos (3184 pacientes). En los 7 ensayos, la dapagliflozina redujo la concentracion de HbA1c; en todos se comparo con placebo, salvo en un estudio en terapia combinada que se comparo frente a farmaco activo (glipizida). Entre los efectos adversos mas frecuentes se detectaron infecciones genitourinarias e hipotension, aunque se debe prestar especial atencion al incremento del cancer de vejiga. Junto con los inhibidores de la DPP-4, la dapagliflozina es uno de los ADO de mayor coste (coste anual de DDD=729,3 euros). Conclusiones: La dapagliflozina no aporta ventajas respecto a la farmacoterapia de la DM2 ya existente. Su falta de experiencia de uso, la ausencia de importantes beneficios clinicos y su elevado coste hacen necesario restringir su utilizacion.

Dapagliflozina, novedoso antidiabético oral de futuro incierto / Dapagliflozin, a novel oral antidiabetic with an uncertain future

Objetivo: La diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) es uno de los principales problemas sociosanitarios a nivel mundial, para la que existen multitud de tratamientos. Recientemente, se ha aprobado el primer fármaco de una nueva familia de antidiabéticos orales (ADO): la dapagliflozina. Nuestro objetivo es revisar la evidencia científica disponible sobre la dapagliflozina, con el fin de analizar su eficacia, seguridad y coste y poder estimar su papel en la farmacoterapia actual de la DM2.Métodos: La eficacia y seguridad de la dapagliflozina se analizaron mediante una evaluación de la evidencia científica. El coste de los diferentes ADO se calculó en base a sus dosis diarias definidas (DDD) y al precio de venta del laboratorio. Resultados: Se identificaron 7 ensayos clínicos aleatorizados:2 en monoterapia (840 pacientes) y 5 en terapia combinada con otros antidiabéticos (3184 pacientes). En los 7 ensayos, la dapagliflozina redujo la concentración de HbA1c; en todos se comparó con placebo, salvo en un estudio en terapia combinada que se comparó frente a fármaco activo (glipizida). Entre los efectos adversos más frecuentes se detectaron infecciones genitourinarias e hipotensión, aunque se debe prestar especial atención al incremento del cancer vejiga. Junto con los inhibidores de la DPP-4, la dapagliflozina es uno de los ADO de mayor coste (coste anual de DDD=729,3 euros). Conclusiones: La dapagliflozina no aporta ventajas respecto a la farmacoterapia de la DM2 ya existente. Su falta de experiencia de uso, la ausencia de importantes beneficios clínicos y su elevado coste hacen necesario restringir su utilización

Objective: Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) is one of the main sociosanitary problems; there are many treatments for it. Recently, it has been approved the first drug of a new family of oral hypoglycemic agents (OHA): dapagliflozin. We aimed to review the available scientific evidence on dapagliflozin, in order to analyze its effectiveness, safety and cost and to estimate its role in the current pharmacotherapy of DM2.Methods: Effectiveness and safety of dapagliflozin were analyzed by an evaluation of the scientific evidence. The cost of different OHA was calculated based on the defined dailydose (DDD) and their ex-factory prices. Results: Seven randomized clinical trials were identified: 2monotherapy (840 patients) and 5 in combination with other hypoglycemic agents (3184 patients). In the seven trials, dapagliflozin reduced HbA1c; all were compared with placebo, unless in a trial of combination therapy in which was compared with an active drug (glipizide). The most common side effects were genitourinary infections and hypotension, although it should be taken into consideration the increase of the bladder cancer. Besides the DPP-4 inhibitors, dapagliflozin is one of the OHA more expensive (annual cost of DDD= 729.3 euros). Conclusions: Dapagliflozin does not provide advantages over pharmacotherapy for DM2. Its lack of experience of use, the absence of significant clinical benefits and its high cost make it necessary to restrict its use