RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the lateral window and osteotome techniques for sinus lifting using histological and histomorphometric methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this clinical trial 10 patients (a total number of 14 sinus areas) who needed implant treatment in the atrophic posterior maxilla were enrolled. In all the cases the residual bone height between the sinus floor and the alveolar crest was less than 5 mm. Sinus augmentation was performed. The treatment modality for a given residual bone height was selected randomly and Bio-Oss was applied in all the cases as the graft material. After a healing period of about 10 months, in all the cases, the implants were placed and biopsies of alveolar crestal bone were obtained at the same time; biopsy specimens were evaluated using histological and histomorphometric methods. Fisher's exact and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare distribution of variables in the two groups. Statistical significance was defined at P<0.05. RESULTS: The new bone was located in direct contact with the biomaterial without any gaps. This viable bone consisted of lacunae containing osteocytes. Infiltration of inflammatory cells did not exhibit any significant differences between the two techniques. Foreign body reaction was not observed in any cases. Histomorphometric evaluations demonstrated that The mean values of the new bone in the lateral window and osteotome techniques were 30±6.0 and 25.2±5.2, respectively, with no significant differences between the two groups.. Moreover, the average quantity of residual biomaterial and connective tissue were similar for the two groups. CONCLUSION: The nature and the volume of the new bone in lateral window and osteotome techniques were the same.
RESUMO
AIM: Oral health is a reflection of general health and significantly influences the quality of life. Dental caries is one of the most common chronic diseases of childhood which may adversely affect physical, mental and social growth of children. Oral hygiene methods can effectively prevent oral and dental diseases, and oral hygiene education plays an important role in this regard. The aim of the present study was then to assess the effect of oral hygiene education on the oral and dental health of 6-year-olds. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A hundred and sixty 6-year-old children from 4 pre-school centers were divided into two groups, case and control, in this cluster randomised controlled trail. The children in the case group received oral and dental education in one session. The parents of the case group were also instructed in one session. The children and parents of the control group did not receive any instructions. Plaque index (PI): Turesky-Gilmore-Glickman; gingival index (GI): Loe & Silness; at a) baseline, b) 1.5 and c) 6 months after the first examination. Data were analysed by repeated measure ANOVA. RESULTS: PI: A significant difference was found between the baseline examination and the first follow-up (p < 0.01), and between the baseline examination and the second follow-up (p < 0.001). GI: Although values in the case group were lower, no statistically significant difference was found between the two groups and within each group (p > 0.05). Regarding the number of brushing times, a statistically significant difference was found between the first and the second follow-ups of the study groups (p > 0.05). The brushing type and the application of other hygienic measures did not show any difference (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of the present study it may be concluded that oral hygiene instruction to 6-year-old children and their parents improves their dental health.
