Concurrent chemoradiation for locally advanced stage III non-small cell lung cancer with cisplatin, vinorelbine, and thoracic radiotherapy: a phase II study from the Galician Lung Cancer Group

Purpose: The aim of this phase II study was to evaluate the activity and safety of the combination of cisplatin and vinorelbine with thoracic radiotherapy in unresectable locally advanced stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR). Secondary objectives included toxicity profile, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Materials and methods: A total of 48 NSCLC patients were enrolled (median age 60 years, 52% stage IIIA and 48% stage IIIB, 52% adenocarcinoma). Patients received three cycles of chemotherapy every 21 days [intravenous cisplatin 80 mg/m2 and intravenous vinorelbine 25 mg/m2 on day 1 and oral vinorelbine on day 8 (60 mg/m2)] concurrent with radiotherapy (66 Gy, administered at 1.8 Gy per day, five consecutive days per week). Results: ORR was 79.2% (72.9% showing partial response and 6.3% showing complete response). With a median follow-up of 20.7 months, median PFS was 12 months and median OS was 36 months. Grade 3/4 toxicities were: neutropenia (14.5%), anaemia (6.2%), vomiting (2%), and oesophagitis (4.2%). No toxic deaths were reported. Conclusion: This combined regimen shows efficacy and a manageable safety profile. PFS and OS outcomes are encouraging and warrant further research

No disponible

Abordaje del paciente con cáncer renal: ¿existe la colaboración entre urología y oncología? / Approach of the patient with renal cancer: Is there a collaboration between urology and oncology?

No disponible

Epidemiological characteristics of a Spanish cohort of patients diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck: distribution of risk factors by tumor location

Purpose. Head and neck cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease comprising a large number of tumors located in the cervicofacial area. This study aimed to determine the epidemiological characteristics of squamous-cell carcinomas of the head and neck in the Spanish population, and the distribution of risk factors based on tumor locations. Methods/patients. A cohort of 459 patients (75 oral cavity, 167 oro-/hypopharyngeal and 217 laryngeal cancers) recruited in 19 hospitals participating in the Spanish head and neck cancer cooperative group were included over 3 years (2012-2014). Epidemiological parameters and risk factors were obtained from a self-administered questionnaire, and tumor characteristics were obtained from clinical records. Multivariate multinomial logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with tumor location. Results. Most patients were males (88.4 %), smokers (95 %) and drinkers (76.5 %). Relative to laryngeal cancer, pharyngeal cancer and oral cancer were more common in women than men (OR 3.58, p = 0.003 and 4.33, p = 0.001, respectively); pharyngeal cancer was more associated with rural environment (OR 1.81, p = 0.007) and weekly alcohol intake (10-140 g: OR 2.53, p = 0.012; 141-280 g: OR 2.47, p = 0.023; >280 g: OR 3.20, p = 0.001) and less associated with pack-years of smoking (21-40 packs: OR 0.46, p = 0.045; 41-70 packs: OR 0.43, p = 0.023; ≥71 packs: OR 3.20, p = 0.015). Conclusions. The distribution of these tumors differs between the sexes, with a higher proportion of oral cavity and pharyngeal tumors in women than in men. Oro-/hypopharyngeal cancers were more strongly associated with rural areas and with alcohol consumption, although less strongly associated with smoking than laryngeal tumors (AU)

No disponible

Implicación visual en perforaciones intestinales por cuerpo extraño / Visual involvement in foreign-body intestinal perforations

INTRODUCCIÓN: Las perforaciones digestivas por ingestión de cuerpo extraño (CE) suponen un 21% del total en nuestro medio. METODOLOGÍA: Se recogen todos los casos de perforación del aparato digestivo por ingestión de CE desde 1990 (29 casos), de forma retrospectiva, y se analiza las características de la visión de estos pacientes. RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN: La edad media fue de 74,2 años (todos présbitas), con predilección por sexo femenino (1,9:1). El CE ingerido con más frecuencia fue la espina de pescado (55%). La agudeza visual de cerca corregida obtuvo un valor medio de 0,73, si bien la real (solo uno de ellos usaba gafa para comer) era de 0,145. Cuatro de ellos (20%) eran ojos únicos, y solo 12 (60%) presentaba TNO+. Al menos 13 (65%) tenían algún grado de catarata. CONCLUSIONES: La mejora de la agudeza visual de cerca, ya sea con cirugía de catarata temprana y/o lentes intraoculares multifocales podría disminuir el número de perforaciones digestivas

INTRODUCTION: Intestinal perforation due to ingestion of a foreign body accounts for 21% of the total in our hospital. METHODS: All cases of intestinal perforation due to foreign body ingestion occurring since 1990 were collected (29 cases), and the visual characteristics of these patients were analysed. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The mean age was 74.2 years (all of them presbyopic) with the majority being female (1.9:1). The most frequently ingested foreign body was fish bone (55%). The corrected near visual acuity obtained a mean value of 0.73, while the real visual accuity (only one of them wore glasses to eat) was 0.145. Four patients (20%) had only one eye, and the TNO test was positive in only 12 (60%). At least 13 (65%) had some degree of cataract. CONCLUSIONS: Improving near visual acuity with either early cataract surgery and/or multifocal intraocular lenses may decrease the number of gastrointestinal perforations

Synchronous versus metachronous brain metastasis from testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT): an analysis from the Spanish Germ Cell Cancer Group data base

BACKGROUND: Brain metastases of testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT) are a rare event. Prognostic is poor and there is not much evidence on optimal management of these patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A review of case records of germ cell tumor patients within the Spanish Germ Cell Cancer Group data base from 1994 to 2012 was conducted. RESULTS: Thirty-three out of 6,200 cases (0.5 %). Nineteen patients (57 %) group 1: synchronous, 13 (40 %) group 2: metachronous and only one developed brain metastasis during cisplatin-based chemotherapy (excluded from the analysis). Median serum BHCG levels at initial diagnosis was higher in group 1, whereas elevated AFP serum levels were more common in group 2. Histology in the primary tumor: chorionic carcinoma for group 1 versus embryonal carcinoma for group 2. Mainly solitary brain metastasis in group 2 (54 versus 21 %, respectively). The median overall survival from the diagnosis of central nervous system involvement was 16 months for group 1 (CI 95 % 13.9-18) and 23 months (95 % CI 0-165) for group 2 (log rank p = 0.84). Long-term survivors were practically identical in the two groups (38.9 % group 1 versus 38.5 % group 2). Regardless of the timing of brain metastasis, those patients that achieved complete response to the treatment had better survival (log rank p 0.003). CONCLUSION: Although some distinctive clinical characteristics have been found between patients with synchronous versus metachronous brain metastasis from TGCT, the timing of brain metastasis did not seem to have prognostic influence, but due to the retrospective nature of the analysis and the results should be interpreted with caution (AU)

No disponible

Comprehensive overview of the efficacy and safety of sorafenib in advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma after a first tyrosine kinase inhibitor

We performed a literature search that shed light on the signaling pathways involved in the sorafenib activity as first- or subsequent-line treatment, taking into account its toxicity profile. Sorafenib appears to have better tolerability when compared with other agents in the same indication. Cross-resistance between tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) may be limited, even after failure with a previous VEGFR inhibitor, but the optimal sequence with TKIs remains to be determined. Randomized trials of second-line treatment options have showed either modest or no differences in terms of progression-free and overall survival (OS). Direct comparison between sorafenib and axitinib demonstrated differences in terms of PFS in favor of axitinib, but not in terms of OS as second-line treatment. In contrast, a phase III study showed a benefit in OS, favoring sorafenib when compared with temsirolimus. In conclusion, after using other VEGF inhibitor such as sunitinib, sorafenib is active and safe for the treatment of patients with advanced or metastatic RCC (AU)

Consumo inadecuado de macrólidos / Improper consumption of macrolides

No disponible

Factores de riesgo para la aterosclerosis coronaria. Comparación entre dos regiones argentinas. / [Risk factors for coronary atherosclerosis. Comparison between two Argentine regions]

The prevalence of risk factors for coronary atherosclerosis were studied in two population samples, Northeast (Posadas, n = 498) and South (Viedma, C. Rivadavia and Cipolletti, n = 652) of 20 years and older, males and females. The diet in the Northeast (n = 102) contained more monounsaturated acids and polyunsaturated acids than the one in the South (n = 62), 9.5 +/- 4.1 vs. 8.1 +/- 3.5

TCV (Total Caloric Value) (P < 0.02) and 8.1 +/- 4.1 vs. 6.2 +/- 3.0

TCV (P < 0.001) respectively. The P/S relationship was greater in the Northeast, 1.02 +/- 0.44 vs. 0.85 +/- 0.50 (P < 0.001). Total cholesterol (TC) in the Northeast was less than in the South, in males 176 +/- 41 vs. 213 +/- 43 mg/dl (P < 0.001); CLDL (LDL cholesterol) 109 +/- 37 vs. 141 +/- 41 mg/dl (P < 0.001). The most frequent risk factors in the South vs. Northeast (males) were: TC > or = 240 mg/dl, 26.7

vs. 9.5

(P < 0.001); LDL-C > or = 160 mg/dl, 30.3

vs. 10.9

(P < 0.001); Cig > or = 10/d (equal or more than 10 cigarettes per day), 30.0

vs. 16.4

(P < 0.001). The hypertension prevalence (HTA, 160/95), in males, was higher in the Northeast than in the South, 23.7

vs. 11.5

(P < 0.001). BMI > 27 Kg/m2 was higher in the women of Northeast than in the South, 38.4

vs. 24.2

(P < 0.001). In the males of the Northeast, the combination Cig > or = 10/d and HTA, 4.1 vs 0.9

was more common; in the South Cig > or = 10/d and LDL-C > or = 160 mg/d, 8.2

vs. 1.8

(P < 0.001) was more common. The differences in the prevalence of the risk factors between the population samples indicate the need to plan the prevention of coronary atherosclerosis locally.