RESUMO
Raw water clarification by flotation was studied by injecting air into a centrifugal multiphase pump to generate microbubbles (MBs) and nanobubbles (NBs). Measurements of gas dispersion parameters were performed and optimal conditions were obtained using a pump pressure of 4 bar. Values showed a bubble Sauter diameter of 75 µm, an air holdup of 1.2%, a bubble surface area flux of 34 s-1 and an NB concentration of 1 × 108 NBs mL-1 (measuring 220 nm). Then, a study compared flotation with bubbles formed with the multiphase pump (F-MP) to lamellar settling at the clarification stage of a water treatment plant (WTP), in Brazil. The F-MP showed a higher separation efficiency at high hydraulic loads (9-15 m h-1), even without the use of a polymer, reaching 2 NTU (10-25 NTU raw water feed), which was much lower than the technical goal of the WTP (5 NTU). The results and the technical aspects are discussed, and it is concluded that the employment of MBs and NBs with pumps widens new research lines and applications in modern flotation.
Assuntos
Microbolhas , Purificação da Água/métodos , Brasil , ÁguaRESUMO
Recent features of a car wash wastewater reclamation system and results from a full-scale car wash wastewater treatment and recycling process are reported. This upcoming technology comprises a new flocculation-column flotation process, sand filtration, and a final chlorination. A water usage and savings audit (22 weeks) showed that almost 70% reclamation was possible, and fewer than 40 L of fresh water per wash were needed. Wastewater and reclaimed water were characterized by monitoring chemical, physicochemical and biological parameters. Results were discussed in terms of aesthetic quality (water clarification and odour), health (pathological) and chemical (corrosion and scaling) risks. A microbiological risk model was applied and the Escherichia coli proposed criterion for car wash reclaimed water is 200 CFU 100 mL(-1). It is believed that the discussions on car wash wastewater reclamation criteria may assist institutions to create laws in Brazil and elsewhere.
Assuntos
Indústrias , Reciclagem , Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos/métodos , Fatores de Tempo , Purificação da Água/métodosRESUMO
Se presenta un paciente que padece un epitelioma basocalular de párpado con una miasis sobreagragada que modifica la lesión primitiva y a su vez la vuelve más agresiva en cuanto a su evolución. Se destaca la importancia de la evaluación exasustiva de estos tipos de tumores situados en zonas de alto riesgo para decidir de esa manera la técnica quirúrgica o el tratamiento más seguro. Se enfatiza la importancia de la cirugía micrográfica para estos casos" dificiles", el tratam,iento previo de la parasitosis, la utilización de técnica por imágenes que orientarán posteriormente la conducta quirúrgica y sobre todo el trabajo en conjunto de dermatólogos, oftalmólogos y cirujanos
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Idoso , Carcinoma Basocelular/diagnóstico , Carcinoma Basocelular/cirurgia , Neoplasias Palpebrais/cirurgia , Neoplasias Palpebrais/diagnóstico , Raios Ultravioleta/efeitos adversosRESUMO
Se presenta un paciente que padece un epitelioma basocalular de párpado con una miasis sobreagragada que modifica la lesión primitiva y a su vez la vuelve más agresiva en cuanto a su evolución. Se destaca la importancia de la evaluación exasustiva de estos tipos de tumores situados en zonas de alto riesgo para decidir de esa manera la técnica quirúrgica o el tratamiento más seguro. Se enfatiza la importancia de la cirugía micrográfica para estos casos" dificiles", el tratam,iento previo de la parasitosis, la utilización de técnica por imágenes que orientarán posteriormente la conducta quirúrgica y sobre todo el trabajo en conjunto de dermatólogos, oftalmólogos y cirujanos(AU)