[Pruritic urticarial papules and plaques in pregnancy]. / Pruritische urtikarielle Papeln und Plaques in der Schwangerschaft (PUPP).

PUPP is a specific eruptive dermatosis in pregnancy, clinically characterized by erythematous papules and plaques with intense itching in periumbilical localization. This disease typically tends to spread to the extremities without involving the head and neck regions. The differential diagnosis of PUPP can be established by immunological and microscopical investigations. Since PUPP is a benign disease with a good prognosis and spontaneous clearing, we recommend only mild symptomatic treatment.

[Clinical experiences of interval treatment with dermatologic agents containing urea]. / Klinische Erfahrungen zur Intervallbehandlung mit harnstoffhaltigen Dermatika.

Topical vehicles containing urea are increasingly used in dermatology because of their favorable pharmacological properties, which are due to the following capacities of urea: (1) its beneficial influence on the structure and physiology of the skin, and (2) its therapeutic effect in combination with other topically active agents in various skin diseases, such as psoriasis, ichthyosis, and chronic eczema. Our own experiences presented here are in accordance with these statements.

Development of arteriosclerosis after i.v. administered fat in rabbits.

In our previous studies performed in rats sclerotic alterations were induced in the vessel wall by Lipofundin-S 20% (Braun, Melsungen) administration for 8 or 16 days, respectively. In order to elucidate eventual species dependency, studies on rabbits were also performed. Alterations were examined in rabbits after Lipofundin treatment for 8 days. Electron microscopic studies revealed the accumulation of granular basement membrane-like material in the subendothelial space due to the activity of immigrated smooth muscle cells. The formation of elastic granules and elastic laminae was also observed among others due to the coalescence of microfibrillary structures formed from glycoseaminoglycans. The lesion developed was similar to that observed in the rat, the only difference was that in the rabbit the accumulation of the collagen fibres was more prominent. Results of our studies obtained in rabbits appear to support our previous findings: Lipofundin-S treatment induces aortic smooth muscle cell mobilization, fibrillogenesis and enlargement of the subendothelial space, namely sclerotic manifestations are induced.

Further studies on the intravenously administered fat arteriosclerosis model.

30 rats were divided into 3 experimental groups. These included 8 days of Lipofundin treatment + 8 days recovery period (Group I), 16 days of Lipofundin treatment (Group II), and 16 days of Lipofundin treatment + 8 days recovery period (Group III). After sacrifice semi-thin and ultra-thin sections prepared from the aorta segments were examined light and electron microscopically. In addition to the development of alterations characteristic of the Lipofundin-model, the accumulation of collagen fibres was also observed. After 16 days of Lipofundin treatment the alterations were much more advanced than after 8-day treatment. Subsequent migration of smooth muscle cells through the newly formed internal elastic lamina was apparent and led to thickening of the sclerotic plaque. When the 16-day Lipofundin treatment was followed by a recovery period of 8 days prior to sacrifice, no signs of regression were seen. The alterations were present in unchanged form and the only difference was in the extent of accumulation of collagen fibres.

Ultrastructural study of canine aortic damage caused by disturbance of transmural transport.

Lymph congestion was produced experimentally in canine aorta. It was demonstrated that the disturbance of lymph circulation resulted in morphological changes mostly in the outer third of the aortic media and in the adventitia. The smooth muscle cells of these areas showed mitochondrial or cytoplasmic edema and in the interstitium, ghost body formation could be seen, as well. The role of lymphatic circulation in the transmural transport of the aorta is stressed. The blocking of lymph drainage interferes with normal transmural transport and results in damages that contribute to the initiation of atherosclerotic lesions.

A new model for arteriosclerosis. An electron-microscopic study of the lesions induced by i.v. administered fat.

Lesions in the arterial wall induced in rats by means of intravenous injection of Lipofundin-S were studied by electron microscopy. The morphological changes in this model are the enlargement of the subendothelial space, proliferation of smooth muscle and accumulation of basement membrane-like material. These changes are a closer model for the fibro-proliferative aspects of human atherosclerosis than those seen in short-term (2-3 month) cholesterol feeding. Moreover, such changes are produced in 8 days rather than 2-3 month. These factors indicate that the Lipofundin-S model may be of value in testing anti-atherosclerotic drugs.

Characteristic features of the smooth muscle cell migration in vascular wall injury.

Characteristic features of the smooth muscles cell migration and ghost body formation observed in vascular lesions induced by intravenous administration of Lipofundin-S (Braun, Melsungen) were studied and compared to lesions seen in other models. Phenomena revealed can be explained by alterations of the cell environment. The cell, producing ghost body looses a part of the cytoplasm and complies with the new environment. Thus ghost bodies play an active part in maintaining the equilibrium between the cell and its environment.

[Ultrastructural changes in the aorta following damage to the transport through the vessel wall]. / Aorta elváltozások ultrastruktúrája az érfali transzport zavarát követöen.

Be the ligature of lymphatic vessels lymphostasis has been produced and the consequences of it in the myocardium were studied. Lymphatics of the myocardium in lymphostasis were compared with those in the normal one. It was found that the space between lymphatics and myocardial fibers filled mainly with connective tissue due to accumulation of oedema fluid enlarges and the collagen fibers disintegrate. At the same time accumulation of fluid and dilatation of lymphatics takes also place. Pinocytotic activity of endothelial cells increases. Due to oedema vacuolization of myocardial cells occurs. Disturbance of the capillary circulation leads to swelling of endothelial cells and narrowing the capillary lumen. This lies on the basis of hypoxia and fatty degeneration of the myocardium. The coronary vessels have also shown alterations. In the subendothelial space accumulation of plasma constituents, in the smooth muscle cells of the vessel wall oedema was found. Thus, lymphostasis in the myocardium results in significant alterations.

[Mechanism of the development of lymphogenic cardiomyopathy as revealed by electron microscopy]. / A lymphogen cardiomyopathia kialakulásának mechanizmusa ultrastructuralis vizsgálatok alapján.

Lymphostasis in the aortic wall has been produced experimentally. It has been proved that the disturbance of the lymph circulation results in changes of the aortic wall e.g. oedematic transformation of muscle cells, demarcation of parts of them, formation of ghost bodies and eventually total necrosis of muscle cells. The necrosis of muscle cells usually is followed by proliferation and development of sclerosis.

[A new model for arteriosclerosis. Electron microscopic study of the reaction of the arterial wall following lipofundin-S administration]. / Uj arteriosclerosis modell. Lipofundin-S adagolást követö érfali reactio elektronmikroszkópos vizsgálata.

The vascular wall injury in rats induced by intravenous administration of Lipofundin-S has been studied by electron microscopy and alterations occurring in the aortic wall has been described. Morphological changes revealed in thi model are similar to the fibroblastic atherosclerotic lesion which is well known in the human pathology. A further advantage of this new model is the shortness of the experimental period. Considering the above mentioned facts Lipofundin model seems to be particularly useful for testing medicaments used in the therapy of atherosclerosis.

[Smooth muscle cell migration in lesions of the vascular wall]. / Az érfalkárosodás kapcsán kialakuló simaizomsejt vándorlás jellegzetességei.

Characteristic features of the smooth muscle cell migration and ghost body formation observed in vascular lesions induced by intravenous administration of Lipofundin-S were studied and compared to lesions seen in other models. Phenomena revealed can be explained by alterations of the cell environment. The cell, producing ghost body looses a part of the cytoplasm and complies with the new environment. Thus ghost bodies play an active part in maintaining the equilibrium between the cell and it's environment.