Tenosynovial giant cell tumor.

Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor (TGCT) is a group of typically benign lesions arising from the synovium of joints, bursae and tendon sheaths. Depending on their growth pattern and clinical course, they are divided into localized and diffuse types. It is predominantly caused by a mutation in the stromal cells of the synovial membrane leading to overexpression of the colony stimulating factor 1 that recruits CSF1R-expressing cells of the mononuclear phagocyte lineage into the tumor mass. The lesions contain mainly histiocyte-like and synovial cells accompanied by varying numbers of multinucleated giant cells, mononuclear cells, foam cells, inflammatory cells and hemosiderin deposits. The gold standard for detect- ing and monitoring the disease is MRI, where the characteristic hemosiderin accumulation can be best appreciated, but it is a histological examination that is most conclusive. The main treatment is surgical resection of all pathological tissue, but radio- and chemotherapy are also viable options for certain groups of patients.

Pro-health measures as a creator of new behavior norms and attitudes.

The monograph analyzes health behaviors and main factors on the basis of which it is possible to transform a lifestyle generally focused on the well-being of an individual and society. According to WHO, health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not only the absence of a disease. The definition clearly explains its multidimensional and multithreaded character dependent subjectively on every individual and on social and cultural conditions. Health in its general meaning becomes a subjective human feeling. Each individual plays an important role in the process of providing it. Good health condition can be achieved by proper nutrition, regular doctor's check-up visits and active way of life. Health behaviors are still a key element of the daily activity of everyone. Despite the fact that full knowledge of the concept of "healthy lifestyle" prevails, still many people avoid categorical statements. In response to questions about lifestyle, a significant number of respondents often indicate an intention or willingness to change, or to partially comply with the requirements, which results from weakness and lack of determination in action. Knowledge supported by the offer of attractive models that promote the right patterns of behavior can have a positive impact on the global health of the society.

Information impact on synaptic arousal and formation of permanent memory trace.

Memory trace is an effect of temporary arousal (perception, experience, action) that causes a specific change in the nervous system. Memory allows to record and recall various information, thus enabling to learn new things. It is an extremely active and dynamic process. The influence of emotions on memory is obvious, largely determined by the close cooperation of the amygdala (responsible for emotions) and the hippocampus (memory processes).