[Food habits of the school population from La Mancha-Centro Health Area (Ciudad Real)]. / Patrón dietético de la población escolar del Área La Mancha-Centro (Ciudad Real).

OBJECTIVE: To assess the dietary pattern of the school population from La Mancha-Centro Health Area (Ciudad Real). METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study conducted on a representative sample of schoolchildren aged 6 to 12 years, using a questionnaire to determine their general dietary habits and a record of their 24-hour intake. RESULTS: A total of 1142 schoolchildren were included, with 612 boys (53.6%) and 530 girls (46.4%), and a mean age of 9.3 ± 1.7 years of age. The frequency of food intake was 4.62 ± 0.6 times a day, which decreased with the age of the schoolchildren (P=.044), and increased with the educational level of parents (P=.004). Food preference influenced the choice in the meals consumed. The level of appetite was related directly with weight and body mass index (BMI) (P<.001), age (P=.02), and number of daily food intakes by the children (P=.038). The food groups most frequently consumed were cereals and their derivatives (92.8%), milk and dairy products (90.45%), while vegetables were the least consumed (35.46%). Over 70% of the sample usually consumed olive oil. CONCLUSION: The dietary pattern of the school population maintains some of the features of traditional Mediterranean dietary pattern, such as the habit of daily breakfast, the greater consumption of olive oil and cereals. On the other hand, other characteristics are remarkable, such as the low consumption of fruit and vegetables and the high consumption of meat.

Masa supraclavicular / Supraclavicular mass

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[Partial seizures in a newborn with tuberous sclerosis]. / Crisis parciales en recién nacido con esclerosis tuberosa.

Tuberous sclerosis is characterized by the potential for hamartomatous growth in multiple organs. Common manifestations are hypomelanotic spots, facial angiofibromas, subependymal hamartomas, cortical tubers, cardiac rhabdomyomas, retinal hamartomas, and so on. Seizures and mental retardation are frequent. It is an autosomal dominant disease but there is a high percentage of spontaneous mutations. Neonatal diagnosis is exceptional. We report a case of a female term newborn who presented partial motor seizures at the third day of life. Physical examination revealed only a disturbance of cardiac rhythm. Echocardiography showed ventricular intramural rhabdomyomas. Magnetic resonance imaging disclosed periventricular subependymal nodules and cortical tubers. A retinal hamartoma was found in the right eye. At the age of 1 month, hypomelanotic spots were evident on the back skin. The patient had infantile spasms, followed by poorly controlled partial complex seizures together with severe psychomotor retardation. Examination of both parents was normal. We discuss the uncommon diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis during the neonatal period, as well as the exceptional mode of presentation of our patient, with seizures in the early neonatal period, a phenomenon rarely reported in the literature.

Crisis parciales en recién nacido con esclerosis tuberosa / Partial seizures in a newborn with tuberous sclerosis

La esclerosis tuberosa es un síndrome neurocutáneo caracterizado por el crecimiento de hamartomas en distintos órganos. Son hallazgos típicos: manchas cutáneas hipocrómicas, angiofibromas faciales, nódulos subependimarios, tubérculos corticales, rabdomiomas cardíacos, hamartomas retinianos, etc. Son frecuentes la epilepsia y el retraso psicomotor. La herencia es autosómica dominante, aunque muchos de los casos son esporádicos. Rara vez debutan en el período neonatal. Se describe un recién nacido a término, mujer, sin antecedentes de interés, que ingresa al tercer día de vida por presentar crisis convulsivas clónicas de miembros izquierdos. A la exploración física presenta una arritmia cardíaca con extrasístoles, siendo el resto normal. La ecocardiografía demostró la presencia de rabdomiomas. La resonancia magnética cerebral evidenció túberes corticales y nódulos subependimarios. En el examen de fondo de ojo se encontró un hamartoma retiniano derecho. Al mes de vida eran ya evidentes máculas cutáneas acrómicas. En su evolución, la niña presentó espasmos infantiles y, posteriormente, crisis parciales complejas de difícil control farmacológico asociadas a un grave retraso psicomotor. El estudio de los padres fue normal. Queremos destacar la infrecuencia del diagnóstico de esclerosis tuberosa durante el período neonatal, así como el carácter excepcional del debut en nuestra paciente como crisis convulsivas en el período neonatal precoz, pocas veces referido en la literatura (AU)