RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Primary-prevention by prophylactic vaccination against HPV-related cancers and HPV-based screening programs are based on HPV-type distribution in immunocompetent individuals. HIV-infected women are at high risk of invasive HPV-disease sustained by a broader range of HPV-types and have higher multi-type infection rates than immunocompetent hosts. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional analysis of High Risk HPV (HR HPV) type distribution in 805 HIV+ women (HIW) compared with a control group of 1402 immunocompetent HIV- women (SPW) enrolled in the VALHIDATE study in order to define HPV type-specific distribution according to cytology. RESULTS: HIW had a 3.8, 3.6, and 2.7 times higher risk of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) and high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) than SPW respectively. HPV-DNA prevalence was 28.4% in HIW and 11.81% in SPW (p<0.0001). The prevalence of infection increased from normal cytology to HSIL both in HIW (from 21.45% to 90.91%) and SPW (from 9.54% to 75%). The OR for women with normal cytology of having a positive HPV-DNA test result of was 2.6 times higher in HIW than in SPW. The cumulative prevalence of HPV-16/18 in HSIL is much lower in HIW (36.4±28.4) than SPW (62.5±33.5). CONCLUSIONS: A higher prevalence of infection and broader HPV type distribution were observed in HIV+ women compared to the general population. More than 60% of HSIL lesions of HIW patients are caused by single or multi-type infections from non-HPV16/18 HPVs. The potential 9v-HPV vaccine coverage could be even higher than that expected for the general population given the wide panel of HPV-types observed in the HSIL of HIV+ women.
Assuntos
Células Escamosas Atípicas do Colo do Útero/virologia , Colo do Útero/virologia , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Papillomaviridae/genética , Infecções por Papillomavirus/virologia , Lesões Intraepiteliais Escamosas Cervicais/virologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/virologia , Adulto , Células Escamosas Atípicas do Colo do Útero/patologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Colo do Útero/patologia , Coinfecção/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , DNA Viral/genética , Feminino , Genótipo , Humanos , Imunocompetência , Hospedeiro Imunocomprometido , Itália/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Epidemiologia Molecular , Razão de Chances , Infecções por Papillomavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Papillomavirus/patologia , Lesões Intraepiteliais Escamosas Cervicais/epidemiologia , Lesões Intraepiteliais Escamosas Cervicais/patologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/epidemiologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/patologiaRESUMO
The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological profile of HPV oropharyngeal infections in HIV-infected men who have sex with men. A total of 135 subjects were enrolled at the L. Sacco University Hospital (Milan, Italy) to evaluate their HPV oropharyngeal infection status at baseline and at a follow-up visit at least 12 months later. HPV DNA was detected from oropharyngeal swabs using an in-house nested PCR that amplifies a segment of the L1 gene. The PCR products were then sequenced and genotyped. A greater percentage of high-risk genotypes was identified compared to low-risk genotypes (13·7% vs. 6·9%, P < 0·05), and two uncommon alpha-HPV genotypes were detected, i.e. HPV-102 and HPV-114. HPV infection prevalence was 24·4% and the cumulative incidence was 24·1%. During the follow-up period, one case of HPV infection (HPV-33) persisted, while the overall rate of infection clearance was 58·3%. HPV oropharyngeal infection was widespread in the cohort examined, and most of the infections were transient and cleared within 12 months. These results may help to clarify the role of HPV in the oropharynx and may also improve our understanding of the need to implement preventive strategies in at-risk populations.
