Hancornia speciosa Gomes Latex Increases Bone Mineralization in Rats: A Preclinical Study.

Objective To evaluate the systemic effect of Hancornia speciosa latex on bone neoformation and mineralization in rats. Methods For that, the latex was first collected, and its composition was analyzed. A total of 30 male Wistar rats were used, which were simultaneously submitted to two surgical procedures: extraction of an incisor and creation of a defect with 2 mm in diameter in the parietal bone. The rats were divided into two groups: systemic control (SC) systemic latex (SX) which were administered, orally and daily, 1.5 mL of water or a solution containing 50% of water and 50% of latex by gavage, respectively. After 15 days of the treatment, the animals were euthanized and their samples were collected. Results The results were statistically analyzed, and the level of significance was set at 0.05. We showed that H. speciosa latex contained calcium. The oral and daily administration of the latex for 15 days increased the contents of calcium and phosphorus in the basal bone and newly-formed bone in the mandibular alveolus of rats. Conclusion The present was a pioneer study demonstrating the potential of H. speciosa latex in increasing bone mineralization. Our results may aid in the conception and development of a natural drug.

Hancornia speciosa Gomes Latex Increases Bone Mineralization in Rats: A Preclinical Study / Látex de Hancornia speciosa Gomes aumenta a mineralização óssea em ratos: Um estudo pré-clínico

Abstract Objective To evaluate the systemic effect of Hancornia speciosa latex on bone neoformation and mineralization in rats. Methods For that, the latex was first collected, and its composition was analyzed. A total of 30 male Wistar rats were used, which were simultaneously submitted to two surgical procedures: extraction of an incisor and creation of a defect with 2 mm in diameter in the parietal bone. The rats were divided into two groups: systemic control (SC) systemic latex (SX) which were administered, orally and daily, 1.5 mL of water or a solution containing 50% of water and 50% of latex by gavage, respectively. After 15 days of the treatment, the animals were euthanized and their samples were collected. Results The results were statistically analyzed, and the level of significance was set at 0.05. We showed that H. speciosa latex contained calcium. The oral and daily administration of the latex for 15 days increased the contents of calcium and phosphorus in the basal bone and newly-formed bone in the mandibular alveolus of rats. Conclusion The present was a pioneer study demonstrating the potential of H. speciosa latex in increasing bone mineralization. Our results may aid in the conception and development of a natural drug.

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar o efeito sistêmico do látex de Hancornia especiosa na neoformação óssea e mineralização em ratos. Métodos Para isso, primeiro o látex foi coletado, e sua composição foi analisada. No estudo, foram utilizados 30 ratos Wistar machos submetidos simultaneamente a dois procedimentos cirúrgicos: extração de incisivo e criação de um defeito de 2 mm de diâmetro no osso parietal. Os ratos foram divididos em dois grupos: controle sistêmico (CS) e látex sistêmico (XS), aos quais foi administrado, oral e diariamente, 1,5 mL de água ou uma solução contendo 50% de água e 50% de látex por gavagem, respectivamente. Após 15 dias do tratamento, os animais foram eutanizados, e suas amostras, coletadas. Resultados Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente, e o nível de significância foi fixado em 0,05. Mostramos que o látex de H. speciosa continha cálcio. A administração oral e diária deste látex por 15 dias aumentou o conteúdo de cálcio e fósforo de osso basal e de osso recém-formado no alvéolo mandibular de ratos. Conclusão Este foi um estudo pioneiro, que demonstrou o potencial do látex de H. speciosa no aumento da mineralização óssea. Nossos resultados podem ajudar na concepção e no desenvolvimento de uma droga natural.

Clinical benefits of music-based interventions on preterm infants' health: A systematic review of randomised trials.

AIM: This systematic review aimed to differentiate and isolate the results of different music-based interventions used with preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit and explore their clinical benefits. METHODS: The last search was performed on 5 July 2021 on Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, LILACS and CENTRAL. Only randomised clinical trials that explored the health benefits of music-based interventions were considered. RESULTS: A total of 39 studies were included. All music-based interventions were divided into music medicine and music therapy. The overall results suggested that music medicine interventions were associated with a significant improvement in pain relief; in turn, improvements in cardiac and respiratory function, weight gain, eating behaviour, and quiet alert and sleep states were more consistent in studies that followed a music therapy approach with the presence of a music therapist. CONCLUSION: This review supports the beneficial effects of music-based interventions on the health of preterm infants in a neonatal intensive care unit; however, it also offers suggestions for future studies in order to increase the number of interventions with music therapists, since the results of music therapy approaches were more consistent for physiological and behavioural outcomes.

Modified montmorillonite-bacterial cellulose composites as a novel dressing system for pressure injury.

The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of bacterial cellulose hydrogel (BCH) incorporated into montmorillonite (MMT) and its underlying mechanisms of action on a skin wound healing mouse model following pressure injury model. Komagataeibacter hansenii was used to obtain 5 cm in diameter and 0.8 mm of thickness circular bacterial cellulose (BC) sheets, which were incorporated with MMT by deposition ex-site using a 0.1% MMT suspension (100 rpm for 24 h at 28 °C). Afterward, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the bacterial cellulose hydrogel incorporated into montmorillonite (BCH-MMT). The pressure injury model was assessed by macroscopic and histological analysis in male Swiss mice. Both, BC and BCH-MMT, showed a typical FTIR spectrum of cellulosic substrates with pronounces bands around 3344, 2920, 1637, and 1041 cm-1 while microparticles of MMT dispersed uniformly throughout BC were revealed by SEM photographs. Animals treated with BCH-MMT showed significant healing of pressure ulcers as demonstrated by reduced area of redness and spontaneous hyperalgesia, lower amounts of in-site inflammatory cells (to the same level as the positive control Dersani®) and ultimately, complete epidermis re-epithelialization and tissue regeneration. Altogether, these findings suggest that a modified BCH-MMT film could serve as scaffolding for skin tissue engineering and potentially as a novel dressing material for pressure injury.

Exercise Reduces Pain and Deleterious Histological Effects in Fibromyalgia-like Model.

Fibromyalgia (FM) is characterized by chronic pain and associated comorbidities such as fatigue, anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders. There is a large amount of evidence regarding the benefits of physical exercise in controlling chronic pain. However, there is no consensus on which exercise modality is most suitable and the real benefits of this intervention to treat FM symptoms. The present study investigated the analgesic and antidepressant effects and morphophysiological responses induced by different physical exercise (aerobic and strength protocols) during the experimental model of FM. Spontaneous pain, mechanical hyperalgesia, thermal allodynia, depression-related behavior, and locomotor activity were evaluated weekly, as well as the morphological evaluation of the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion. Aerobic and strength training protocols consistently abolished nociceptive behaviors, reducing spontaneous pain scores, cold allodynia, and frequency of response to mechanical hyperalgesia. The strength exercise modulated the depressive-like behavior. Finally, our data demonstrated that physical exercise performed for two weeks increased the number of glial cells in the dorsal root horn. However, it was not sufficient to control the other deleterious effects of the reserpine model on the spinal cord and the dorsal root. Together, these results demonstrated that different physical exercise modalities, when performed regularly in mice, proved to be effective and safe non-pharmacological alternatives for the treatment of FM. However, some gaps have yet to be studied regarding the neuroadaptive effects of physical exercise.

Oral Administrations of Hancornia speciosa Gomes Latex Do Not Increase Bone Neoformation.

Objective The present work aimed to evaluate the systemic effect of H. speciosa latex on bone neoformation. Methods For this, the latex was collected and diluted to 3% and 50%. A total of 28 Wistar rats were submitted to surgery to create a 5 mm diameter defect in the parietal bone. This experiment was conducted in 2 different periods: 1 and 2. For each period, the rats were divided into 3 groups: Control Group, Latex3 Group, and Latex50 Group, which received, respectively, daily administrations of 0.5 mL of distilled water, latex to 3% and latex to 50% by gavage, orally. The rats of periods 1 and 2 were euthanized, respectively, 15 and 30 days after the surgery, and the calvaria was collected. The results were analyzed using the ANOVA and Tukey tests; the significance level was 0.05. Results We show that, in each analyzed period, the experimental groups had the same amount of newly formed bone in the calvaria defect. Conclusion We conclude that daily and oral administrations of H. speciosa latex to 3% and to 50% over a period of 15 and 30 days does not contribute to the increase of the area of the newly formed bone in the calvaria defect.

Oral Administrations of Hancornia speciosa Gomes Latex Do Not Increase Bone Neoformation / Administrações Orais do Látex da Hancornia speciosa Gomes não aumentam a neoformação óssea

Abstract Objective The present work aimed to evaluate the systemic effect of H. speciosa latex on bone neoformation. Methods For this, the latex was collected and diluted to 3% and 50%. A total of 28 Wistar rats were submitted to surgery to create a 5 mm diameter defect in the parietal bone. This experiment was conducted in 2 different periods: 1 and 2. For each period, the rats were divided into 3 groups: Control Group, Latex3 Group, and Latex50 Group, which received, respectively, daily administrations of 0.5 mL of distilled water, latex to 3% and latex to 50% by gavage, orally. The rats of periods 1 and 2 were euthanized, respectively, 15 and 30 days after the surgery, and the calvaria was collected. The results were analyzed using the ANOVA and Tukey tests; the significance level was 0.05. Results We show that, in each analyzed period, the experimental groups had the same amount of newly formed bone in the calvaria defect. Conclusion We conclude that daily and oral administrations of H. speciosa latex to 3% and to 50% over a period of 15 and 30 days does not contribute to the increase of the area of the newly formed bone in the calvaria defect.

Resumo Objetivo Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o efeito sistêmico do látex de H. speciosas obre a neoformação óssea. Métodos Para isso, o látex foi coletado e diluído a 3% e a 50%. Um total de 28 ratos Wistar foi submetido a cirurgia para a criação de um defeito de 5 mm de diâmetro no osso parietal. Esse experimento foi conduzido em dois períodos distintos: 1 e 2. Para cada período, os ratos foram divididos em 3 grupos: Grupo Controle, Grupo Látex3 e Grupo Látex50 que receberam, respectivamente, administrações diárias de 0,5 mL de água destilada, látex a 3% e látex a 50% por gavagem, via oral. Os ratos dos períodos 1 e 2 foram eutanasiados, respectivamente, 15 e 30 dias após a cirurgia e a calvária foi coletada. Os resultados foram analisados utilizando os testes ANOVA e Tukey; o nível de significância estabelecido foi 0,05. Resultados Mostramos que, em cada período analisado, os grupos experimentais tiveram a mesma quantidade de osso neoformado no defeito da calvária. Conclusão Portanto, concluímos que administrações diárias e orais do látex de H. speciosa a 3% e a 50% durante um período de 15 e 30 dias não contribui para o aumento da área do osso neoformado no defeito da calvária.

Prevalência de hipertensos e diabéticos cadastrados e acompanhados pelas unidades de saúde do município de Cascavel - Paraná / Prevalence of hypertensive and diabetic patients registered and monitored by health units in the city of Cascavel, Paraná

Estudos epidemiológicos constatam que, no Brasil, a hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) e o Diabetes Mellitus (DM) estão sendo reconhecidos como um importante problema de saúde pública, ocupando um percentual de 30 a 40% das causas de morbidade. Estudos também têm demonstrado uma associação entre essas doenças e patologias bucais, sugerindo que as infecções bucais podem aumentar o risco para doenças sistêmicas, mas também o portador de doenças sistêmicas pode apresentar uma susceptibilidade maior para o desenvolvimento de patologias bucais, especialmente a doença periodontal. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a prevalência de HAS e DM e a associação de ambas, de acordo com o gênero e a idade de indivíduos do município de Cascavel, por meio do Sistema HiperDia (Sistema de Cadastramento e Acompanhamento de Hipertensos e Diabéticos) do Ministério da Saúde. Os resultados obtidos permitiram identificar que no município de Cascavel existem 26450 pacientes cadastrados no Sistema HiperDia, sendo 3,29% diabéticos, 76,51% hipertensos e 20,19% diabéticos com hipertensão. O número de indivíduos do gênero feminino cadastrados é maior que o do gênero masculino e a prevalência das doenças aumenta com a idade. Conclui- se que o número de hipertensos e diabéticos cadastrados é muito menor do que os valores estimados em cidades brasileiras, sendo necessária uma pesquisa mais abrangente para demonstrar a real prevalência dessas doenças em Cascavel-PR.

Epidemiological studies find that hypertension and diabetes mellitus (DM) are being recognized as an important public health problem in Brazil, occupying a percentage of 30 to 40% of the causes of morbidity. Studies have also shown an association between these diseases and oral pathologies, suggesting that oral infections can increase the risk of systemic diseases, but also that systemic diseases may increase susceptibility to the development of oral diseases, especially periodontal disease. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of hypertension and DM, and the combination of both, according to the gender and age of individuals in Cascavel, PR, through the System of Enrollment and Follow-up of Hypertensive and Diabetic Patients (HiperDia) of the Ministry of Health. In Cascavel there were 26,450 patients enrolled in HiperDia, 3.29% being diabetics, 76,51% hypertensive, and 20,19% diabetics with hypertension. A higher number of females are enrolled than males, and the prevalence of these diseases increases with age. The number of hypertensive and diabetic patients enrolled is much lower than the estimated prevalence in Brazilian cities, requiring a larger study to demonstrate the actual prevalence of these diseases in Cascavel, PR.

Lipid profile of people with diabetes mellitus type 2 and periodontal disease.

The objective of this study was to evaluate improvement of lipids and periodontal disease in patients with type 2 Diabetes mellitus, by means of the relationship between blood levels of total cholesterol and its fractions, triglycerides and clinical periodontal parameters. Twenty patients, in age-range 18-70 years, were selected and divided into 2 groups: (1) conventional periodontal scaling and root planing+controlled mechanic; (2) conventional periodontal scaling and root planing+controlled mechanical+maintenance therapy. The analyses were performed on day 0, 180 and 720 days, including plaque index, gingival index, probing depth and clinical attachment level, and evaluation of total cholesterol and its fractions, and triglycerides. The 2 groups presented significant reduction in clinical periodontal parameters, however, probing depth did not diminish significantly only in Group 1. There was significant improvement in all blood parameters in both groups. It was concluded that after 720 days of the experiment, there were significant improvements in clinical and blood parameters, in general. The group that received maintenance therapy also showed a more expressive improvement in clinical periodontal parameters, in general, suggesting that this therapy is important and necessary in patients with type 2 Diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease.