Surgical strategies for glottic carcinoma with a giant thyroid tumor A case report and literature review.

Description of strategies for preventing surgical complications in the treatment of laryngeal carcinomas associated with giant thyroid cancer. For this study, the clinical data of an elderly patient with laryngeal carcinoma associated with a large thyroid tumor, diabetes and hypertension were used. The patient's tumor was removed with simultaneous surgery performed by the thyroid surgery department and the laryngeal surgery department; the patient was followed for more than 3 years and the scars of tracheal granulation and laryngeal adhesions were removed with repeated laser interventions. The literature review was carried out on the Wanfang database, on the China How Net database and on the MEDLINE database via Computer. The final research keywords used for the study were "squamous cell carcinoma" and "glottis" or "larynx" / "larynx", "surgery", "thyroid cancer" and "simultaneous surgery". RESULTS: After completion of the intervention, the nasogastric tube and tracheal cannula were successfully removed, the glottis was successfully reconstituted and oral respiration, phonation and oral feeding were normally resumed. CONCLUSION: The multidisciplinary approach for the simultaneous removal of a laryngeal carcinoma associated with a bulky thyroid tumor in elderly subjects with multi-system and multi-organ damage has been successfully implemented. There are only a few such cases presented in the literature to illustrate risk prevention strategies for postoperative complications, including postoperative infection, extubation difficulties and loss of speech, which deserve to be known. KEY WORDS: Glottic carcinoma, Thyroid tumor, Laser surgery multidisciplinary, Tracheal cannula, Vocal cords.

[Impact factors for efficacy of specific immunotherapy in children with dust mite allergic asthma].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate impact factors for the efficacy of specific immunotherapy (SIT) in children with dust mite allergic asthma. METHODS: Ninety-nine children with house dust mite allergic asthma received standardized SIT, and the level of asthma control was evaluated after 6 months (S1 stage), 12 months (S2 stage), 18 months (S3 stage), and 24 months (S4 stage) of treatment. The age of first visit, course of asthma, level of asthma severity, initial serum specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) level, combination with allergic rhinitis or atopic dermatitis, use of inhaled corticosteroids, and local or systemic side effects during treatment were recorded, and their impacts on the level of asthma control were analyzed. RESULTS: As the SIT proceeded, the number of clinically controlled cases increased significantly (P<0.01). The level of asthma control was significantly affected by the age of patients at first visit in S1 and S3 stages, and combination with allergic rhinitis or atopic dermatitis in S1 stage (P<0.05). In all stages of SIT, the controlled cases had significantly higher initial serum sIgE levels than the uncontrolled cases (P<0.05). In S1 and S2 stages, there was a significantly higher proportion of controlled cases among children with a high level of asthma severity than among those with a low level of asthma severity (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: There is a positive correlation between long-term efficacy of SIT and the course or the total dose of treatment. Patients with higher initial serum sIgE levels achieve clinical control earlier than those with lower initial serum sIgE levels during SIT.

[Effects of prolonged exposure of high concentration of oxygen on expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptors in neonatal rat lungs].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of prolonged 75% oxygen exposure on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors (VEGFR1 and VEGFR2) in the neonatal rat lungs and to elucidate the effects of prolonged exposure of high concentration of oxygen on lung vascular development and its relationship with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). METHODS: Forty eight Sprague-Dawley rat pups were randomly exposed to air (control group) and 75% oxygen (experimental group) 12 hrs after birth. The rats were sacrificed 7, 14 and 21 days after exposure and their lungs were sampled. The lung sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histological evaluation. Expression of VEGF, VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 protein and mRNA was detected by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. RESULTS: After being exposed to 75% oxygen for 21 days, lung tissues had pathological changes as 'new' BPD. Expressions of VEGF protein (10.9 + or - 2.7 vs 30.8 + or - 6.4), VEGFR1 protein (5.4 + or - 1.4 vs 15.6 + or - 3.4) and VEGFR2 protein (11.3 + or - 2.6 vs 21.7 + or - 4.5) on day 21 in the experimental group decreased significantly as compared with the control group (p<0.05). The expression of VEGF mRNA (1.6 vs 3.3), VEGFR1 mRNA (0.4 vs 6.6) and VEGFR2 mRNA (0.5 vs 4.9) on day 21 in the experimental group also decreased significantly as compared with the control group (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Prolonged exposure of high concentration of oxygen may cause BPD possibly by inhibiting lung vascular development in neonatal rats.

[Therapeutic effect of argon green laser for diabetic retinopathy].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the therapeutic effect of argon green laser for improving the visual acuity and relieving diabetic macular oedema in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR). METHODS: In patients with preproliferative DR (PPDR) and proliferative DR (PDR), fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) was performed to locate the area or spot where leakage occurred, followed by argon green laser photocoagulation of the identified leakage. In the 1-year-long follow-up study, both the visual acuity and changes in diabetic macular oedema were observed in both groups. RESULTS: Altogether 136 eyes (86 cases) were treated with argon green laser photocoagulation, and 87.50% of them showed improvement or maintenance of the visual acuity, and 87.95% showed alleviation of diabetic macular oedema. Better therapeutic effects were achieved in PPDR than PDR group, with statistically significant difference. CONCLUSION: Argon green laser can be an effective treatment modality for diabetic maculopathy and may improve or maintain the visual acuity of the patients, but the effects can be related to the stage of the disease. Earlier intervention ensures better results.