Magilock: a reliable control triggering method in multi-channel eye-control systems.

Eye-tracking technology brings a different human-computer interaction experience to users because of its intuitive, natural, and hands-free operation characteristics. Avoiding the Midas touch problem and improving the accuracy of interaction are among the main goals of the research and development of eye-control systems. This study reviews the methods and limitations of research on avoiding the Midas touch problem. For typical control clicking operations with low fault tolerance, such as mode switching and state selection in an eye-control system, this study proposes Magilock, a more reliable control triggering method with a high success rate in multi-channel eye-control systems. Magilock adds a control pre-locked mechanism between the two interactive steps of eye-control channel positioning control and other interactive channel triggering controls in the multi-channel eye-control system. This effectively avoids incorrect control triggering caused by multi-channel coordination disorder and gaze-point drift. This study also conducted ergonomic experiments to explore the lock and unlock times of the control pre-locked mechanism in Magilock. Taking into account the experimental data and subjective evaluation of the participants, we recommend setting the lock time and the unlock time of Magilock to 200 ms.

Dual-Track Multifunctional Bimetallic Metal-Organic Frameworks for Antibiotic Enrichment and Detection.

The improper use and overuse of antibiotics have led to significant burdens and detrimental effects on the environment, food supply, and human health. Herein, a magnetic solid-phase extraction program and an optical immunosensor based on bimetallic Ce/Zr-UiO 66 for the detection of antibiotics are developed. A magnetic Fe3O4@SiO2@Ce/Zr-UiO 66 metal-organic framework (MOF) is prepared to extract and enrich chloramphenicol from fish, wastewater, and urine samples, and a horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-Ce/Zr-UiO 66@bovine serum protein-chloramphenicol probe is used for the sensitive detection of chloramphenicol based on the dual-effect catalysis of Ce and HRP. In this manner, the application of Ce/Zr-UiO 66 in integrating sample pretreatment and antibiotic detection is systematically investigated and the associated mechanisms are explored. It is concluded that Ce/Zr-UiO 66 is a versatile dual-track material exhibiting high enrichment efficiency (6.37 mg g-1) and high sensitivity (limit of detection of 51.3 pg mL-1) for chloramphenicol detection and serving as a multifunctional MOF for safeguarding public health and hygiene.

Mesophilic Argonaute-Mediated Polydisperse Droplet Biosensor for Amplification-Free, One-Pot, and Multiplexed Nucleic Acid Detection Using Deep Learning.

Detection of nucleic acids from a single multiplexed and amplification-free test is critical for ensuring food safety, clinical diagnostics, and environmental monitoring. In this study, we introduced a mesophilic Argonaute protein from Clostridium butyricum (CbAgo), which exhibits nucleic acid endonuclease activity, to achieve a programmable, amplification-free system (PASS) for rapid nucleic acid quantification at ambient temperatures in one pot. By using CbAgo-mediated binding with specific guide DNA (gDNA) and subsequent targeted cleavage of wild-type target DNAs complementary to gDNA, PASS can detect multiple foodborne pathogen DNA (<102 CFU/mL) simultaneously. The fluorescence signals were then transferred to polydisperse emulsions and analyzed by using deep learning. This simplifies the process and increases the suitability of polydisperse emulsions compared to traditional digital PCR, which requires homogeneous droplets for accurate detection. We believe that PASS has the potential to become a next-generation point-of-care digital nucleic acid detection method.

Artificial Intelligence-Based Imaging Transcoding System for Multiplex Screening of Viable Foodborne Pathogens.

Multiplex detection of viable foodborne pathogens is critical for food safety and public health, yet current assays suffer trade-offs between cost, assay complexity, sensitivities, and the specificity between live and dead bacteria. We herein developed a sensing method using artificial intelligence transcoding (SMART) for rapid, sensitive, and multiplex profiling of foodborne pathogens. The assay utilizes the programmable polystyrene (PS) microspheres to encode different pathogens, inducing subsequent visible signals under conventional microscopy that can be analyzed using a customized, artificial intelligence-computer vision, which was trained to decode the intrinsic properties of PS microspheres to reveal the numbers and types of pathogens. Our approach enabled the rapid and simultaneous detection of multiple bacteria from egg samples of <102 CFU/mL without DNA amplification and showed strong consistency with the standard microbiologic and genotypic methods. We adopted our assay through phage-guided targeting to enable the discrimination between live and dead bacteria.

Polystyrene microsphere-mediated optical sensing strategy for ultrasensitive determination of aflatoxin M1 in milk.

Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) contamination poses a serious threat to human health globally. Hence, it is necessary to develop reliable and ultrasensitive methods for the determination of AFM1 residue in food products at low levels. In this study, a novel polystyrene microsphere-mediated optical sensing (PSM-OS) strategy was constructed to solve the problems of low sensitivity and susceptibility to interference from the matrix in AFM1 determination. Polystyrene (PS) microspheres have the advantages of low cost, high stability, and controllable particle size. They can be useful optical signal probes for qualitative and quantitative analyses attributed to the fact that they have strong ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) characteristic absorption peaks. Briefly, magnetic nanoparticles were modified with the complex of bovine serum protein and AFM1 (MNP150-BSA-AFM1), and biotinylated antibodies of AFM1 (AFM1-Ab-Bio). Meanwhile, PS microspheres were also functionalized with streptavidin (SA-PS950). In the presence of AFM1, a competitive immune reaction was triggered leading to the changes in AFM1-Ab-Bio concentrations on the surface of MNP150-BSA-AFM1. The complex of MNP150-BSA-AFM1-Ab-Bio binds with SA-PS950 to form the immune complexes due to the special binding of biotin and streptavidin. The remaining SA-PS950 in the supernatant was determined by UV-Vis spectrophotometer after magnetic separation, which positively correlated with the concentration of AFM1. This strategy allows for ultrasensitive determination of AFM1 with limits of detection as low as 3.2 pg/mL. It was also successfully validated for AFM1 determination in milk samples, and a high consistency was found with the chemiluminescence immunoassay. Overall, the proposed PSM-OS strategy can be used for the rapid, ultrasensitive, and convenient determination of AFM1, as well as other biochemical analytes.

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids alleviates lung injury mediated by post-hemorrhagic shock mesenteric lymph.

Severe hemorrhage-induced acute lung injury (ALI) remains the major contributor to critical patient mortality and is associated with posthemorrhagic shock mesenteric lymph (PHSML) return. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) play overall protection on acute hemorrhage, but a reliable mechanism needs to be identified. The aims of this study were to investigate the role of ω-3 PUFAs in alleviating ALI and whether is related to the endotoxin contained in PHSML. Mesenteric lymph was harvested from rats subjected to hemorrhagic shock (hemorrhage-induced hypotension of 40 ± 2 mmHg for 90 min plus by resuscitation) or sham shock. The effect of ω-3 PUFAs on pulmonary function, water content, morphology, and LBP, CD14, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels were observed in rats subjected to hemorrhagic shock, while the effect of PHSML intravenous infusion on the beneficial effect of ω-3 PUFAs also was investigated. In addition, the effect of ω-3 PUFAs on the endotoxin contents in mesenteric lymph were detected. Hemorrhagic shock-induced ALI was characterized by increased functional residual capacity (FRC), lung resistance (RI), inspiratory capacity (IC), respiratory frequency, water contents and structural damage, along with increases in LBP, IL-6, and TNF-α. ω-3 PUFAs treatment reduced FRC, RI, IC, frequency, water contents, LBP, IL-6, TNF-α, and alleviated morphological damage. In contrast, PHSML infusion abolished the advantageous effects of ω-3 PUFAs on the above indices and CD14. Furthermore, the endotoxin level of PHSML was significantly enhanced, but declined following ω-3 PUFAs administration. These findings together suggested that treatment with ω-3 PUFAs ameliorates hemorrhagic shock-induced ALI, which is associated with reduced endotoxin contained in PHSML.

Research progress of Wallis dynamic stabilization system for lumbar degenerative diseases / 中国骨伤

Wallis dynamic stabilization system is a surgical approach in the non-fusion technique of lumbar spine, consisting of interspinous blockers and dacron artificial ligaments that provide stability to the spine while maintaining a degree of motion in the affected segment. Recent studies have demonstrated the significant benefits of Wallis dynamic stabilization system in treating lumbar degenerative diseases. It not only improves clinical symptoms, but also effectively delays complications such as adjacent segmental degeneration. This paper aims to review the literature related to the Wallis dynamic stabilization system and degenerative diseases of the lumbar spine to describe the long-term prognostic effect of this system in the treatment of such diseases. This review provides a theoretical basis and reference for selecting surgical methods to treat degenerative diseases of the lumbar spine.

Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporotic periarticular fracture of the shoulder in the elderly (version 2023) / 中华创伤杂志

Periarticular fracture of the shoulder is a common type of fractures in the elderly. Postoperative adverse events such as internal fixation failure, humeral head ischemic necrosis and upper limb dysfunction occur frequently, which seriously endangers the exercise and health of the elderly. Compared with the fracture with normal bone mass, the osteoporotic periarticular fracture of the shoulder is complicated with slow healing and poor rehabilitation, so the clinical management becomes more difficult. At present, there is no targeted guideline or consensus for this type of fracture in China. In such context, experts from Youth Osteoporosis Group of Chinese Orthopedic Association, Orthopedic Expert Committee of Geriatrics Branch of Chinese Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Osteoporosis Group of Youth Committee of Chinese Association of Orthopedic Surgeons and Osteoporosis Committee of Shanghai Association of Chinese Integrative Medicine developed the Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporotic periarticular fracture of the shoulder in the elderly ( version 2023). Nine recommendations were put forward from the aspects of diagnosis, treatment strategies and rehabilitation of osteoporotic periarticular fracture of the shoulder, hoping to promote the standardized, systematic and personalized diagnosis and treatment concept and improve functional outcomes and quality of life in elderly patients with osteoporotic periarticular fracture of the shoulder.

Model test study on treatment of Pruzansky type ⅡB and Ⅲ hemifacial microsomia with artificial condyle-mandibular distractor complex / 中国修复重建外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To preliminarily verify the effectiveness of self-designed artificial condyle-mandibular distraction (AC-MD) complex in the treatment of Pruzansky type ⅡB and Ⅲ hemifacial microsomia (HFM) through model test.@*METHODS@#Five children with Pruzansky type ⅡB and Ⅲ HFM who were treated with mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) between December 2016 and December 2021 were selected as the subjects. There were 3 boys and 2 girls wih an average age of 8.4 years (range, 6-10 years). Virtual surgery and model test of AC-MD complex were performed according to preoperative skull CT of children. The model was obtained by three-dimensional (3D) printing according to the children's CT data at a ratio of 1∶1. The occlusal guide plate was designed and 3D printed according to the children's toothpaste model. The results of the model test and the virtual surgery were matched in three dimensions to calculate the error of the residual condyle on the affected side, and the model test was matched with the actual skull CT after MDO to measure and compare the inclination rotation of the mandible, the distance between the condylar of the healthy side and the residual condyle of the affected side, and the lengthening length of the mandible.@*RESULTS@#The error of residual condyle was (1.07±0.78) mm. The inclination rotation of the mandible, the distance between the condylar of the healthy side and the residual condyle of the affected side, and the lengthening length of the mandible after 3D printing model test were significantly larger than those after MDO ( P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#In the model test, the implantation of AC-MD complex can immediately rotate the mandible to the horizontal position and improve facial symmetry, and the residual condyle segment can be guided close to the articular fossa or the preset pseudoarticular position of the skull base after operation.

Label-Free Microchannel Immunosensor Based on Antibody-Antigen Biorecognition-Induced Charge Quenching.

Pursuing convenient operations and precise testing have become an urgent requirement in clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Label-free detection is desirable for obviating the labeling process while maintaining high sensitivity and efficiency. Here, we used the dual properties of highly selective antibody-antigen recognition and potential signaling of biomolecules to construct a label-free electroosmotic flow-driven microchannel (LF-EMB) biosensor based on an antibody-antigen biorecognition-induced charge quenching theory proposed herein. The LF-EMB consists of a one-step immune-reaction, one-button portable device, and supporting microfluidic chip, providing a high-powered tool for rapid on-site testing. The LF-EMB quantified interleukin-6 and kanamycin levels down to 1 pg/mL and 5 pg/mL, respectively, with the whole analysis completed within 35 min. The outstanding sensitivity and detection speed of the constructed LF-EMB provide a convenient option for the quantitative detection of inflammatory markers and antibiotics.

Click Chemistry-Mediated Particle Counting Sensing via Cu(II)-Polyglutamic Acid Coordination Chemistry and Enzymatic Reaction.

An electrical resistance-based particle counter (ERPC) with simple operation and high resolution has proved to be a promising biosensing toolkit, whereas amplification-free ERPC biosensors are incapable of analyzing trace small molecules due to their relatively low sensitivity. In this work, click chemistry-mediated particle counting sensing of small-molecule hazards in food samples with high sensitivity was developed. In this strategy, unbound alkyne-functionalized polystyrene microspheres were collected by magnetic separation from the copper-ion-mediated click reaction between alkyne-functionalized polystyrene microspheres and azido-functionalized magnetic beads, which could be used as signal probes for the readout. This click chemistry-mediated ERPC biosensor converts the detection of targets to the quantification of copper ions or ascorbic acid by performing competitive immunoassay-based coordination chemistry and enzymatic reaction, respectively. The sensitivity of the ERPC biosensor has been improved by an order of magnitude due to the signal amplification effects of click chemistry, coordination adsorption, and enzyme catalysis. Furthermore, because of the efficient separation and enrichment of immunomagnetic beads and the robustness of click chemistry, the interference from food matrixes and immunoassay is effectively reduced, and thus, our strategy is exceedingly suitable for detecting trace targets in complex samples.

Expert consensus on diagnosis, prevention and treatment of perioperative lower extremity vein thrombosis in orthopedic trauma patients (2022 edition) / 中华创伤杂志

Lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is one of the main complications in patients with traumatic fractures, and for severe patients, the DVT can even affect arterial blood supply, resulting in insufficient limb blood supply. If the thrombus breaks off, pulmonary embolism may occur, with a high mortality. The treatment and rehabilitation strategies of thrombosis in patients with lower extremity fractures have its particularity. DVT in traumatic fractures patients has attracted extensive attention and been largely studied, and the measures for prevention and treatment of DVT are constantly developing. In recent years, a series of thrombosis prevention and treatment guidelines have been updated at home and abroad, but there are still many doubts about the prevention and treatment of DVT in patients with different traumatic fractures. Accordingly, on the basis of summarizing the latest evidence-based medical evidence at home and abroad and the clinical experience of the majority of experts, the authors summarize the clinical treatment and prevention protocols for DVT in patients with traumatic fractures, and make this consensus on the examination and assessment, treatment, prevention and preventive measures for DVT in patients with different fractures so as to provide a practicable approach suitable for China ′s national conditions and improve the prognosis and the life quality of patients.

Gracilis musculocutaneous flap in repair of perineal soft tissue defect with open pelvic fracture / 中华显微外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of gracilis musculocutaneous flap in repair of perineal soft defect with open pelvic fracture.Methods:From June 2009 to June 2019, 11 cases of open pelvic fracture associated with perineal injury were treated in the Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic of 521 Hospital of Norinco Group. There were 4 males and 7 females aged 16-56 (33 in average) years old. Cause of injuries: 6 cases by traffic accident, 4 by falling from height, and 1 by crushing. All the patients had open pelvic fractures. According to Tile classification, 1 case was rated as type A, 7 as type B and 3 as type C. All the patients were accompanied with perineal injury and soft tissue defect. The wound sizes ranged from 5 cm×5 cm to 8 cm×12 cm. The defects were repaired with gracilis musculocutaneous flap. The size of gracilis myocutaneous flaps was 6 cm×5 cm to 9 cm×13 cm. All donor areas of the flap were sutured directly. After surgery, 11 patients treated with strengthened nutritional support, keep supine position to avoid abduction, and appropriately raise the lower limbs. Follow-ups were conducted regularly after surgery.Results:All patients entered 6 to 30 (22 in average) months of follow-up. All of 11 myocutaneous flaps survived, besides 1 had a few necrosis at the distal surface of the myocutaneous flap, and healed after change of dressing. All the incisions at donor site had stage I healing. The colour, texture and flexibility of the gracilis myocutaneous flap were good. There was a scar at the donor sites without causing obvious dysfunction. Over the follow-up period, there was no failure of flap in either the recipient and donor sites. The patients were satisfied with the appearance and function.Conclusion:Gracilis musculocutaneous flap is one of the ideal methods in repair of perineal soft tissue defect with open pelvic fracture.

Expert consensus on rehabilitation strategies for traumatic spinal cord injury / 中华创伤杂志

TSCI have dyskinesia and sensory disturbance that can cause various life-threaten complications. The patients with traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI), seriously affecting the quality of life of patients. Based on the epidemiology of TSCI and domestic and foreign literatures as well as expert investigations, this expert consensus reviews the definition, injury classification, rehabilitation assessment, rehabilitation strategies and rehabilitation measures of TSCI so as to provide early standardized rehabilitation treatment methods for TSCI.

Clinical application of bridge-link combined fixation system for adult mid-shaft clavicle fractures / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore clinical efficacy of bridge-link combined fixation system for adult mid-shaft clavicle fractures.@*METHODS@#From January 2016 to August 2016, 28 patients with mid-shaft clavicle fractures were treated by bridge-link combined fixation system, including 15 males and 13 females, aged from 27 to 82 years old with an average of(48.50±15.34) years old; the courses of disease was for 13 to 15 months with an average of (14.17±0.77) months. Fracture healing time and complication were observed, postoperative and postoperative Constant function score of shoulder joint at 1, 3 and 13 months and were compared.@*RESULTS@#All patients were followed up for 13 to 15 months with an average of (14.17±0.77) months. Twenty-eight patients achieved clinical fracture healing without infection, bone un-union, delayed union, breakage of internal fixation and re-fracture after removing of the internal fixation occurred. Fracture healing time ranged from 2.5 to 4 months with (3.05±0.44) months. Postoperative Constant score at 1, 3 and 13 months were 76.57±4.70, 90.75±3.62, 96.07±2.40 respectively, and had significant difference compared with before operation(58.36±4.98).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Bridge-link combined fixation system could be used as a new internal fixation for adult mid-shaft clavicle fractures, which has advantages of rapid recovery, less complications, and could reduce incidence of breakage of internal fixation, osteoporosis, re-fractures after removing the internal fixation.

Expression of miR-4687-5P and STIM1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and their regulation mechanism / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To investigate the expression and the methylation status of miR-4687-5P and STIM1 gene in esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) cell lines and ESCC tissue samples,in order to explore the correlation between miR-4687-5P and STIM1 expression,as well as whether they have a common expression regulation mechanism. Methods The qRTPCR and methylation specific PCR (MSP) methods were applied respectively to examine the expression and methylation of miR-4687-5P and STIM1 genes in ESCC cell lines (TE13, KYSE150,T. Tn) and ESCC samples,and further to analyze their correlation. Results The expression of miR-4687-5P and STIM1 genes in ESCC was significantly decreased,and consistent. The weak expression of miR-4687-5P and STIM1 genes was detected in three ESCC cell lines. After treated with 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-Dc,a demethylation agent) ,the expression levels of these two genes were obviously increased. Meanwhile, the methylation bands were obviously weakened or disappeared. The promoter region of STIM1 gene was hypermethylated in ESCC tissues,and its methylation frequency was correlated with the expression of STIM1 and miR-4687-5P (P < 0. 01) . Conclusion miR-4687-5P and STIM1 genes are down-regulated in esophageal carcinoma,and the expression of miR-4687-5P may be regulated by the promoter of its host gene STIM1,and the hypermethylation may be one of the common mechanisms leading to down-regulatory expression of miR-4687-5P and STIM1 genes in ESCC.

Application of an effective model in intraoral facial skeletal contour surgeries / 中华整形外科杂志

Intraoral facial contour surgery is one of the most popular craniofacial cosmetic surgeries in China, in spite of its challenging surgical technique and serious complication, such as fracture and bleeding. In addition, the key point, such as inadequate tissue exposure and high soft tissue tension cannot be simulated using traditional three-dimensional model. Consequently, craniomaxillofacial surgery requires a long learning curve for young surgeons. This article describes the establishment and application of a new model for intraoral facial contour surgery. Compared to young surgeons trained using traditional three-dimensional model, the authors confirmed this new surgical model is more reliable and effective. Therefore, it is worthy of being popularized.

Application of computer-assisted techniques in osseous genioplasty / 中华整形外科杂志

Objective@#To discuss the efficacy of computer aided design (CAD) and computer aided manufacturing (CAM) in the treatment of microgenia by osseous genioplasty.@*Methods@#From July 2015 to January 2018, 17 cases (Male, n=5, Female, n=12), aged from 17 to 32 years, with the meanage of 24 years, were enrolled. All patients had microgenia, and underwent osseous genioplasty. Computed tomography (CT) was performed preoperatively and 7-10 days postoperatively for all cases. Based on preoperative CT data, CAD was applied to make individualized surgical plan, surgery simulation, todetermine the movement of mentum. CAM was used to prefabricate the individualized surgical templates and transfer the CAD into intraoperative guidance. The registration of CAD and postoperative CT were performed to evaluate the surgical accuracy.@*Results@#All patients were satisfied with the surgical outcomes. The deformity of microgenia was significantly corrected. The Pg error was (0.24±0.08) mm, and the Me error was (0.15±0.17) mm.@*Conclusions@#The application of CAD increases the accuracy of surgical planning, and CAM provides areliable guidance with individualized template. Anoptimal surgical outcome can be achieved.

Expression levels of plasma lncRNA MALAT1,LincRNA-p21 and GAS5 in patients with multiple myeloma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia and their diagnostic significances / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To explore the differences of the relative expression levels of plasma long chain non encoding RNA(lncRNA)MALAT1,LincRNA-p21 and GAS5 in the patients with multiple myeloma(MM)and chronic lymphocytic leukemia(CLL),and to clarify their significances in the differential diagnosis of MM and CLL. Methods:A total of 60 cases of MM patients(MM group),60 cases of CLL patients(CLL roup)and 60 healthy persons after physical examinations(control group)were selected as the subjects.The plasma levels of lncRNA MALAT,LincRNA-p21 and GAS5 of the subjects in three groups were detected and compared.Results:The relative expression levels of lncRNA MALAT1 and GAS5 in plasma of the patients in MM group were significantly higher than those in the other two groups(P<0.05);the relative expression level of LincRNA-p21 in plasma of the patients in CLL group was significantly lower than those in the other two groups(P<0.05).The area under receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)(AUC)of plasma LincRNA-p21 in the diagnosis of CLL was 0.850, its 95% confidence interval(CI)was 0.780-0.921. The AUC of plasma lncRNA MALAT1 and GAS5 in the diagnosis of MM were 0.898 and 0.815;their 95% CI were 0.836-0.959 and 0.740-0.890,respectively.The AUC of plasma lncRNA MALAT1,LincRNA-p21 and GAS5 in the differential diagnosis of CLL and MM were 0.878,0.778 and 0.805,and their 95% CI were 0.814 - 0.942,0.691 - 0.865 and 0.727 - 0.882, respectively.Conclusion:The incidence of MM is related with the high expressions of lncRNA MALAT1 and GAS5 in plasma and the incidence of CLL is related with the low expression of LincRNA-p21 in plasma. The relative expression levels of the above lncRNA can be used as the auxiliary indexes in the diagnosis of MM and CLL.

Biocompatibility and Immunotoxicology of the Preclinical Implantation of a Collagen-based Artificial Dermal Regeneration Matrix / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#Graft rejection, with the possibility of a violent immune response, may be severe and life threatening. Our aim was to thoroughly investigate the biocompatibility and immunotoxicology of collagen-based dermal matrix (DM) before assessment in clinical trials.@*METHODS@#DM was subcutaneously implanted in BALB/c mice in two doses to induce a potential immune response. The spleen and lymph nodes were assessed for shape, cell number, cell phenotype via flow cytometry, cell activation via CCK8 kit, Annexin V kit, and Ki67 immunostaining. Serum samples were used to measure antibody concentration by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Local inflammation was analyzed by histology and immunohistochemistry staining. Data analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA and non-parametric tests.@*RESULTS@#Our data illustrate that the spleen and lymph node sizes were similar between the negative control mice and mice implanted with DM. However, in the high-dose DM (DM-H) group, the total cell populations in the spleen and lymph nodes, T cells and B cells in the spleen had slight increases in prophase, and the low-dose DM (DM-L) group did not display gross abnormities. Moreover, DM-H initiated moderate cell activation and proliferation in the early phase post-immunization, whereas DM-L did not. Neither DM-H nor DM-L implantation noticeably increased IgM and IgG serum concentrations. Examination of the local cellular response revealed only benign cell infiltration and TNF-α expression in slides of DM in the early phase.@*CONCLUSION@#Overall, DM-H may have induced a benign temporary acute immune response post-implantation, whereas DM-L had quite low immunogenicity. Thus, this DM can be regarded as a safe product.