Progress on the relationship of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 with human diseases and its small-molecule activators / 药学实践杂志

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is one of important factors against from the damage under oxidative stress in human body. A high proportion of East Asians carry ALDH2 inactive mutation gene. There are many diseases closely related to ALDH2, such as cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases and liver diseases. Recent studies also have found that ALDH2 is associated with ferroptosis. Therefore, ALDH2 has becoming a potential target for the treatment of the above related diseases. Several types of small molecule activators with potential value of clinical application have been reported. The research progress on the structure and function of ALDH2 , the relationship with human diseases and its activators were summarized in this paper.

The change trend analysis of incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage in Tengzhou City,Shandong Province from 2013 to 2021 / 中华神经科杂志

Objective:To analyze the changing trend of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) incidence among residents with different characteristics during 9 years of comprehensive hypertension prevention and control (hypertension prevention and control) in Tengzhou from 2013 to 2021.Methods:From January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2021, the new ICH cases collected by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Tengzhou City were analyzed to calculate the incidence of ICH, and the trend of its distribution was analyzed among residents with different ages, sexes, and between urban and rural areas. The registered population information came from Tengzhou Public Security Bureau. Age and sex standardized incidence was calculated based on the 7th National Population Census in 2020. The Cochran-Armitage test was used to analyze the time and age trends of the incidence.Results:The overall ICH crude and standardized incidence in Tengzhou City decreased from 97.30/100 000 to 52.13/100 000 ( Z=-9.93, P<0.001) and 119.30/100 000 to 50.69/100 000 ( Z=-15.40, P<0.001) from 2013 to 2021, and both elevated to form a single peak in 2020, with 22.58% ( χ 2=24.02, P<0.001) and 18.09% ( χ 2=17.08, P<0.001) higher than in 2019, respectively. The trends in male and female incidence over the same period were similar to the overall trends, and the incidence was higher in males than in females in all years. The incidence of ICH increased with age in all years. The difference of increase in male incidence rate in 2020 was statistically significant in three age groups ≥45 years compared with 2019 (36.29%, 23.57% and 16.18%, respectively, χ 2=6.73, 4.65, 4.00, P<0.001). The incidence of ICH decreased by 70.07% and 36.23% ( Z=18.44, 5.22, P<0.001) in urban and rural areas respectively from 2013 to 2021, whereas increased by 34.15% ( χ 2=10.88, P<0.01) and 22.08% ( χ 2=18.63, P<0.001) in 2020 compared with 2019 separately. Conclusions:The incidence of ICH in Tengzhou from 2013 to 2021 showed a significant downward trend, with the decrease in the incidence of ICH in women exceeding that in men. The decrease in the incidence of ICH in urban areas exceeded that in rural areas, and male morbidity seemingly had a younger trend.

Effect of allisartan on blood pressure and left ventricular hypertrophy through Kv1.5 channels in hypertensive rats.

BACKGROUND: The objective of the present work was to study the anti-hypertensive effect of allisartan on blood pressure (BP) and in facilitating left ventricular remodeling through voltage-gated potassium channels (Kv) 1.5 channels. METHODS: A total of 30 SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, hypertension control group, and allisartan treatment group. Hypertension was induced by renal artery stenosis. The animals of treatment group were administered with allisartan once a day at a dose of 30 mg/kg body weight through an oral gavage for 4 weeks. The heart function of animals post 4 weeks of treatment was evaluated by echocardiography, and the degree of ventricular hypertrophy and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy were evaluated by histomorphology. The expression of Kv1.5 is detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction while Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression. RESULTS: Four weeks after renal artery stenosis, a significant difference was observed in the whole heart ratio, left heart ratio, and cardiomyocyte area between allisartan treatment group and the hypertension control group (P< .01). A significant decrease in BP of allisartan treatment group compared to hypertension control group (P< .01) was observed. The expression of Kv1.5 mRNA was increased significantly (P< .01) in allisartan treatment group compared to hypertension control group. Western blot analysis also confirmed the increased expression of Kv1.5 channel. CONCLUSION: The results showed that allisartan lowers BP and improves left ventricular remodeling through increased expression of Kv1.5 mRNA.

Evaluation of Quality Coherence of Commercially Available Artemisia apiacea Decoration Pieces in Chongq-ing by HPLC Fingerprint Combined with Common Model Recognition / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To establish the fingerprint of Artemisia apiacea to identify common model and evaluate the quality coherence of the commercially available A. apiacea decoration pieces in Chongqing. METHODS:HPLC method was performed on the column of Waters XTerra C18 with the mobile phase consisted of methanol-0.1% phosphoric acid(gradient elution)at the flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The detection wavelength was 220 nm,column temperature was 30 ℃ and the sample size was 10 μl. The simi-larity of 12 batches of samples was evaluated by TCM Chromatogram Fingerprint Similarity Evaluation System(2004A edition);a common model of fingerprints was identified by principal component analysis(PCA)and cluster analysis(CA). RESULTS:Total-ly 11 batches of samples were screened to establish common model of fingerprints and 16 common peaks were obtained,among which,3 common components were identified;RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were lower than 2.53%. The similarity of 11 batches of A. apiacea and reference chromatogram was more than 0.990. CONCLUSIONS:The method is stable and easy,and can provide reference for the scientific quality evaluation and control of A. apiacea;the quality of commercially available A. apiacea decoration pieces is generally good,however,there is still a little number of batches with poor quality. The production procedures and supervision of A. apiacea decoration pieces should be strengthened.