[Paternal-fetal attachment from the maternal perspective]. / Vínculo prenatal paterno desde la perspectiva materna.

INTRODUCTION: The study of Paternal-fetal attachment is a recent research area, which has become relevant due to its correlation with the postnatal paternal bond and its impact on the cognitive and socio-emotional de velopment of the child. OBJECTIVE: to characterize Paternal-fetal attachment, based on maternal pers pective, in puerperal women treated in a public hospital in the Metropolitan Region. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: A cross-sectional observational study was carried out. Hospitalized puerperal women were interviewed by applying a questionnaire with sociodemographic variables of both parents. In addi tion, the Paternal-fetal attachment Scale from the maternal perspective was applied, previously adap ted and validated. A descriptive and association analysis was performed to determine the behavior of the link indicator with respect to the sociodemographic variables. RESULTS: The mean Paternal-fetal attachment score from the maternal perspective was 41.5 (range 10-50), which is significantly higher in cases where parents live together, the couple's relationship is longer than two years, and in plan ned and controlled pregnancies before twelve weeks. There were no differences in the Paternal-fetal attachment score from the maternal perspective in relation to the number of children, nationality, or educational level. DISCUSSION: The Paternal-fetal attachment is mainly determined by characteristics of the parental relationship and not by the individual characteristics of the parents, therefore, the attachment must be seen from the triad.

Hipospadias: Enfoque molecular y endocrinológico / Hypospadias: molecular and endocrinological focus

Las hipospadias son el arresta en el desarrollo ventral del pene. Puede ser una malformación que se presenta de forma aislada o asociada a otras alteraciones como lo es la presencia de una curvatura ventral anormal del pene, criptorquidia, hernias inguinales, entre otras. En todos los casos es importante considerar las hipospadias como un grado leve de feminización. Actualmente no existe prevención para el desarrollo de las hipospadias y el único manejo es la corrección quirúrgica de la lesión. Grandes avances se han logrado en el estudio de los procesos moleculares asociados en el desarrollo de las hipospadias. Los receptores androgénicos (RA), alteraciones endocrinas se han postulado como fenómenos influyentes en el desarrollo de ésta patología. El objetivo del presente artículo es determinar los eventos moleculares asociados en el desarrollo de las hipospadias.