A Simple Method for Excluding Uterine Canalization Defects Using Two-Dimensional Ultrasound in Infertile Women.

Objective: To compare the uterine transverse diameter (UTD) in women with normal uteri and women with uterine canalization defects as well as to assess its performance for ruling out such defects. Study Design: Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data in a series of selected women with primary or secondary infertility. Measurement of UTD and 3D volume acquisition for subsequent off-line analysis was performed in order to identify possible canalization defects. UTD of the normal uterus, measured by 2D ultrasound, was compared to that of arcuate, subseptate, and septate uteri. ROC curve was plotted to determine the best UTD cutoff for differentiating normal from abnormal uteri. Results: A total of 421 women were ultimately evaluated. UTD was significantly larger in women with arcuate (53.3 mm, SD 6.3, p<0.05), subseptate (55.0 mm, SD 6.7, p<0.05), and septate (56.0 mm, SD 4.8, p<0.05) uterus as compared with the normal uterus (45.9 mm, SD 7.1). ROC curve showed that the best UTD cutoff for ruling out the presence of a uterine canalization defect was 45 mm (AUC 0.809, 95% CI 0.768­0.849). Conclusion: Measurement of UTD may be a simple and practical method for ruling out a uterine canalization defect in infertile women.

Normal and abnormal images of intrauterine devices: Role of three-dimensional sonography.

The purpose of this pictorial essay is to describe the diagnostic value of two-dimensional ultrasound (2DUS) and the additional information that three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) provides in the assessment of location, type and complications of IUDs.

Tumor estromal del tracto gastrointestinal que simula un tumor maligno del ovario en el estudio ecográfico transvaginal / Gastrointestinal stromal tumor simulating a malignant ovarian tumor in transvaginal

Presentamos un caso de tumor de origen no ginecológico que simula un tumor maligno de ovario, descubierto en el transcurso de una revisión ginecológica mediante ecografía ginecológica transvaginal con power Doppler. El resultado de la anatomía patológica revela que setrata de un tumor estromal gastrointestinal de bajo riesgo (TEGI). Este tipo de tumores tiene un buen pronóstico y evolución si cuando son detectados son menores de 5 cm. El tratamiento de este tipo de tumor es quirúrgico

A case of non-gynecologic tumor mimicking a malignant ovarian neoplasm by transvaginal power Dopler ultrasonographic study is presented. The hystopathologic study revealed a gastrointestinal estromal tumor of low grade. These tumor have a good prognosis wen are detected under 5 cm of size. The treatment of choice is surgery

Three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound diagnosis and conservative treatment of ectopic pregnancy in a cesarean section scar.

OBJECTIVE: To describe three-dimensional ultrasonographic features of an ectopic pregnancy in a cesarean scar. DESIGN: Description of a case. SETTING: Case report of one patient. PATIENT(S): A 38-year-old women with three previous cesarean deliveries. INTERVENTION(S): Three-dimensional ultrasonography was performed for diagnosis and treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Local administration of methotrexate under ultrasonographic guidance. RESULT(S): Ultrasonographic study revealed a gestational sac in the anterior wall of the uterine isthmus with peritrophoblastic flow. It was treated conservatively and successfully with local methotrexate administration under ultrasonographic guidance. CONCLUSION(S): The early diagnosis of ectopic cesarean scar pregnancy allows the conservative treatment with local administration of methotrexate under ultrasonographic guidance.

Ecografía 3D/4D en ginecología: técnica y metodología / Three- and four-dimensional ultrasonography in gynecology: technique and methodology

La gran aportación de la ecografía tridimensional respecto a la ecografía convencional (bidimensional) es el plano coronal. Hasta ahora mediante la ecografía convencional se disponía del corte longitudinal y del corte transversal. La aportación de este tercer plano coronal es lo que permite hacer una reconstrucción volumétrica de los órganos estudiados. La ecografía 3D/4D permite establecer una metodología de adquisición de la región que se quiere estudiar. Estos datos adquiridos se pueden almacenar y/o enviar y transferir mediante sistema DICOM (digital imaging and communication in medicine) lo que permite reconstruir y analizar los volúmenes adquiridos tantas veces como sea necesario, por cuantos observadores se quiera y en cualquier lugar geográfico. En consecuencia, la ecografía en esta modalidad deja de ser una técnica dependiente del operador, siempre y cuando el proceso de adquisición se haya realizado con los parámetros debidamente protocolizados. El objetivo de este artículo es explicar una visión de conjunto de la metodología en 3D y 4D, empezando con la adquisición de imágenes en 3D, con el análisis de planos escaneados, técnicas especiales tales como el VOCAL™ y consejos para optimizar el sistema

The main advantage of three- and four -dimensional ultrasonography (3D/4D US) over conventional, 2-dimensional US is the addition of the coronal plane. Until now, longitudinal and sagittal views were available with conventional ultrasonography. The third coronal plane allows 3D reconstructions of the target organ. 3D/4D US allows us to introduce a methodology for data acquisition, storage and/or transmission to other stations through the Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine (DICOM) system. Digitally saved volumes of patient data can be readily transferred as often as necessary and can be interpreted by any number of observers in any geographical location. With these capabilities, US ceases to be an operator-dependent technology (requiring only uniformity of acquisition parameters). In the present article, we aim to provide an overview of the methodology of 3D/4D US, ranging from the acquisition of 3D images, analysis of the various scanning options and special tools such as VOCALTM to suggestions on how to optimize the system