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1.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 80(6): 404.e1-8, 2014 Jun.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24767461

RESUMO

Between the 19th and 25th April 1914, the First Spanish Congress of Paediatrics was held in Palma de Mallorca under the slogan "Protect the Children". The specialty had broken away a few years earlier from its secular connection with Obstetrics and Gynaecology, both in its teaching aspect as well as regarding healthcare. With the newly created Chairs in Childhood Diseases, in a way this Congress meant the coming-of age and debut int society of paediatrics in our country. Prof. Martínez Vargas, a university professor in Barcelona, was the Chairman, and soul of the congress. There was a need to face a very high rate of infant mortality. The Congress responded to that social and sanitary/health demand with the participation of over three hundred pediatricians, including foreign representatives from Belgium, France, Russia and Latin America. The activities were divided into four sections: Childcare, Child Medicine, Surgery and Health, and accredited lecturers gave master classes on the most pressing issues of child pathology of the time. One hundred years on, what we are today is the fruit gathered by those who preceded us. Some were brilliant figures in paediatrics and others, the majority, anonymous paediatricians. They dedicated their lives, their science and their best smile to child care. The way we were and the way we are. With legitimate pride and satisfaction, it is an honour for the Group on the History of Paediatrics and AEP Documentation to celebrate this centennial commemoration in the framework of the Annals of Paediatrics.


Assuntos
Congressos como Assunto/história , Pediatria/história , História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , Espanha
2.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 79(6): 367-373, dic. 2013. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-117011

RESUMO

Introducción: Los síndromes malformativos o dismórficos son entidades que se definen por la asociación característica de un conjunto de malformaciones mayores y menores que, generalmente, tienen un origen genético. Hemos investigado las primeras descripciones españolas de un amplio número de entidades sindrómicas. Material y métodos: Se partió de la definición que aparece en un tratado clásico sobre el tema. Entre los 60 síndromes escogidos, se estudiaron, al menos, 2 artículos de cada entidad entre los publicados en España y el primero en el tiempo que figura en el Índice Médico Español. Para los años previos a 1970, se amplió la búsqueda en PubMed. Resultados: Se han reunido 64 artículos que corresponden a 58 síndromes. Cuatro artículos se escribieron durante la primera mitad del siglo XX . En la década de los setenta aparecieron casi la mitad de los trabajos (n = 30). Los trabajos se publicaron en 10 revistas pediátricas españolas, en 9 españolas no pediátricas, en 3 pediátricas no españolas y en 2 no pediátricas y no españolas. Las revistas con más artículos publicados fueron Anales de Pediatría y Revista Española de Pediatría. Los hospitales que firmaron artículos con más frecuencia fueron La Paz de Madrid y el Clínico de Barcelona. El resto de los trabajos se escribieron en 30 hospitales pediátricos españoles más y en 2 extranjeros. El número de autores se fue incrementando con el paso del tiempo. Conclusiones: Aunque con posibles limitaciones, hemos localizado las que pueden ser las primeras descripciones de 58 síndromes, entre los 60 escogidos inicialmente (AU)


Introduction: Malformation or dysmorphic syndromes are conditions that are defined by the combination of a set of major and minor malformations that generally have a genetic origin. We investigated the early Spanish descriptions of a large number of sydromes. Material and methods: We started the study from the definition in a classic treatise on the subject. Among the 60 selected syndromes studied, at least two articles of each syndrome among those published in Spain and for the first time were listed in the Spanish Medical Index. For years prior to 1970, it expanded The search was expanded to PubMed, for the years before1970.Results: We collected 64 articles that referred to 58 syndromes. Four articles were written during the first half of the twentieth century. Almost half of the works (n = 30) appeared in the 1970’s. The papers were published in ten Spanish pediatric, nine Spanish non pediatric, three pediatric non-Spanish and two non-Spanish non-pediatric Journals. The Journals with the most articles published were Anales de Pediatría y Revista Española de Pediatría. The hospitals where the articles originate more often were Hospital La Paz, Madrid and Hospital Clinic, Barcelona. The rest of the works were written in 30 pediatric hospitals and two more in non-Spanish hospitals. The number of authors increased with the passage of time. Conclusions: Although there were potential limitations, we have identified what may be the first descriptions of 58 syndromes, among the 60 chosen initially (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Anormalidades Congênitas/história , Transtornos Dismórficos Corporais/história , Pediatria/história , História da Medicina
3.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 79(6): 367-73, 2013 Dec.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23601477

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Malformation or dysmorphic syndromes are conditions that are defined by the combination of a set of major and minor malformations that generally have a genetic origin. We investigated the early Spanish descriptions of a large number of sydromes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We started the study from the definition in a classic treatise on the subject. Among the 60 selected syndromes studied, at least two articles of each syndrome among those published in Spain and for the first time were listed in the Spanish Medical Index. For years prior to 1970, it expanded The search was expanded to PubMed, for the years before 1970. RESULTS: We collected 64 articles that referred to 58 syndromes. Four articles were written during the first half of the twentieth century. Almost half of the works (n=30) appeared in the 1970's. The papers were published in ten Spanish pediatric, nine Spanish non-pediatric, three pediatric non-Spanish and two non-Spanish non-pediatric Journals. The Journals with the most articles published were Anales de Pediatría y Revista Española de Pediatría. The hospitals where the articles originate more often were Hospital La Paz, Madrid and Hospital Clinic, Barcelona. The rest of the works were written in 30 pediatric hospitals and two more in non-Spanish hospitals. The number of authors increased with the passage of time. CONCLUSIONS: Although there were potential limitations, we have identified what may be the first descriptions of 58 syndromes, among the 60 chosen initially.


Assuntos
Anormalidades Congênitas , Editoração , Síndrome , Humanos , Publicações Periódicas como Assunto , Espanha
4.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 69(6): 526-532, dic. 2008. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-70042

RESUMO

Objetivo: Conocer los cambios epidemiológicos y de abordaje diagnóstico y terapéutico de la infección urinaria neonatal en los últimos años. Pacientes y métodos: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de las infecciones del tracto urinario (ITU) en pacientes ingresados durante11 años en nuestra unidad neonatal. Se realiza una comparación temporal, por grupo de microorganismos y por resultados en cistouretrografía miccional seriada (CUMS). Resultados: Se estudiaron 106 casos (5 casos por cada 1.000 recién nacidos vivos [RNV]). Los microorganismos más frecuentemente aislados fueron Escherichia coli (81,1 %), Enterococcusfaecalis (6,6 %) y Enterobacter cloacae (4,7 %). La gentamicina tuvo una sensibilidad global del 93,2%, seguida de la cefotaxima con el 91,3 % y de la amoxicilina-ácido clavulánico con el 89,5 %. No encontramos diferencias temporales por microorganismos ni por sensibilidades. Hemos encontrado diferencias en la proteína Creactiva (PCR), en la nitrituria y en la leucocituria en las ITU causadas por E. coli frente a no causadas por este microorganismo, así como en los patrones de sensibilidad antibiótica, ya que las infecciones por microorganismos que no eran E. coli eran más resistentes. No se encontraron diferencias por microorganismos en pacientes con CUMS normal y patológica. Encontramos alteraciones en la ecografía y en la CUMS en el 35,2 y en el 21,4 % de la serie, respectivamente. Conclusiones: La ITU es un problema frecuente en nuestro medio. E. coli es el microorganismo más frecuentemente aislado. En las ITU no causadas por E. coli se produce una mayor resistencia a los tratamientos habituales, aunque en ellas no se detectan más datos patológicos en las pruebas de imagen. No encontramos aumento alguno de resistencias antibióticas a lo largo del estudio (AU)


Objective: To find out the epidemiological and management changes of urinary tract infection over the last years. Patients and methods: Descriptive retrospective review of patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs) admitted to our neonatal unitover an 11 year period. A temporal, microorganism group and voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) group comparison. Results: We studied 106 cases (5 cases/1,000 alive newborns).The most commonly isolated microorganisms were Escherichiacoli (81.1%), Enterococcus faecalis (6.6 %) and Enterobacter cloacae (4.7 %). Gentamicin had an overall sensitivity of 93.2 %, followed by cefotaxime 91.3 % and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid 89.5 %. We did not found temporal differences in microorganisms or sensitivities. We found differences in C reactive protein, nitrate and leucocyte values in E. coli versus non-E. coli UTIs, as well as patterns of antibiotic sensitivity with more resistances by non-E. coli microorganisms. No differences were found in patients with normal and pathological VCUG. We found ultrasound and VCGU disturbances in 35.2% and 21.4%, respectively. Conclusions: UTI is a common problem in our area. The most frequently isolated microorganism is E. coli. Non-E. coli UTI shave more resistances to usual therapies, although these did not show any increase in disease in the imaging tests. We found no increase in resistances throughout the study (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Infecções Urinárias/diagnóstico , Infecções Urinárias/microbiologia , Infecções Urinárias/patologia , Gentamicinas , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Escherichia coli/isolamento & purificação , Escherichia coli/patogenicidade , Enterococcus faecalis/isolamento & purificação , Enterococcus faecalis/patogenicidade , Enterobacter cloacae/isolamento & purificação , Enterobacter cloacae/patogenicidade , Cefotaxima/uso terapêutico , Combinação Amoxicilina e Clavulanato de Potássio/uso terapêutico , Sinais e Sintomas
5.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 64(6): 447-451, nov.-dic. 2008. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-60238

RESUMO

Introducción: los episodios sibilantes bronquiales son una de las patologías más frecuentes en la época del lactante. Pacientes y métodos: se diseñó un estudio prospectivo observacional con el objetivo de determinar los factores de riesgo de mala evolución y de reingreso de los episodios sibilantes en los lactantes. Se incluyeron, durante 12 meses, a todos los niños menores de 2 años ingresados en nuestro Hospital por un primer episodio sibilante. En los pacientes en que se realizó analítica sanguínea se determinaron los valores de troponina I. Se realizó una comparación por grupos, virus sincitial respiratorio (VSR) positivo frente a VSR negativo y mayores de 6 meses frente a menores y se estableció un período de observación de reingreso. Resultados: los pacientes pertenecientes al grupo VSR positivo presentaron una puntuación en la escala de Wood-Downes modificada por Ferres en el peor momento de evolución superior a la de los VSR negativos (7,2 vs 5,9; p<0,01). Los pacientes con troponina I elevada (≥0,1 ng/ml) presentaron también mayor media en esta escala, aunque estos hallazgos no adquirieron significación estadística. En el grupo de pacientes que reingresaron encontramos mayor porcentaje de niñas, padres fumadores y una estancia hospitalaria prolongada en el primer ingreso, adquiriendo todos estos resultados significación estadística. Conclusiones: la infección por VSR y la troponina I elevada pueden jugar un papel como factores predictivos de gravedad. Se relacionan con el reingreso el sexo femenino, padres fumadores y primer episodio con estancia hospitalaria prolongada (AU)


Introduction: wheezing is a common problem in infancy. Patients and methods: a prospective observational study was designed to determine risk factors for a poor outcome and readmission among infants admitted for a wheezing episode. Infants younger than 2 years admitted in a 12 month period for a first wheezing episode were included. Troponine I values were measured in some infants who had a blood sample. A comparison among groups, Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)- positive versus RSV- negative, and younger than six months of age versus 6 months or older() were performed and an observation period was established. Results: scores in the Wood-Downes scale modified by Ferres were higher among the RSV + children (7,2 vs 5,9; p<0,01). Patients with elevated troponine I values (≥0,1 ng/ml) showed higher average scores but this finding did not reach statistical significance. In the group of patients who were readmission there was more female, parental smoking, and a longer length- of stay in their first admission, this results reach statistical significance. Conclusions: RSV positive and high troponine I levels may play be related to more severe disease. Female gender, parental smoking and a long length of stay in their first episode are related to a higher risk of readmission (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Bronquiolite/epidemiologia , Sons Respiratórios , Asma/etiologia , Vírus Sincicial Respiratório Humano/patogenicidade , Troponina I , Fatores de Risco , Estudos Prospectivos
6.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 69(6): 526-32, 2008 Dec.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19128765

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To find out the epidemiological and management changes of urinary tract infection over the last years. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Descriptive retrospective review of patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs) admitted to our neonatal unit over an 11 year period. A temporal, microorganism group and voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) group comparison. RESULTS: We studied 106 cases (5 cases/1,000 alive newborns). The most commonly isolated microorganisms were Escherichia coli (81.1%), Enterococcus faecalis (6.6%) and Enterobacter cloacae (4.7%). Gentamicin had an overall sensitivity of 93.2%, followed by cefotaxime 91.3% and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid 89.5%. We did not found temporal differences in microorganisms or sensitivities. We found differences in C reactive protein, nitrate and leucocyte values in E. coli versus non-E. coli UTIs, as well as patterns of antibiotic sensitivity with more resistances by non-E. coli microorganisms. No differences were found in patients with normal and pathological VCUG. We found ultrasound and VCGU disturbances in 35.2% and 21.4%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: UTI is a common problem in our area. The most frequently isolated microorganism is E. coli. Non-E. coli UTIs have more resistances to usual therapies, although these did not show any increase in disease in the imaging tests. We found no increase in resistances throughout the study.


Assuntos
Infecções Urinárias/microbiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Tempo , Infecções Urinárias/tratamento farmacológico
8.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 66(1): 24-30, 2007 Jan.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17266851

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is one of the most common chronic diseases in children. The results of several epidemiologic studies have shown surprisingly wide variety in the incidence (0.8 to 22.6 per 100,000 children) and prevalence (7 to 400 per 100,000) of this disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective epidemiological study to identify all patients born after 1989 and resident in Asturias who were diagnosed with JIA using the criteria of the International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR) criteria. RESULTS: Data were obtained from 60 patients (23 boys and 37 girls). The mean age of symptom onset was 5.6 years, with onset of spondyloarthropathies occurring most frequently in the oldest group. An incidence rate of 2.5/10(5) (3.5 at the present time) and a prevalence rate of 51.4/10(5) children and adolescents aged less than 16 years old were calculated. In 50% of patients, JIA started with inflammation in one of the knees. The most frequent form of onset was persistent oligoarticular arthritis (41.7%), followed by spondyloarthropathies (11.7%), conditions that did not meet the criteria for any category (11.7%), polyarticular arthritis (11.7%), systemic disease (10%), psoriatic arthritis (6.7%), and extended oligoarticular arthritis (6.7%). Chronic anterior uveitis was found in 5 patients (pauciarticular group in all 5 patients). Methotrexate was used in 25 children with good response and no relevant adverse events were observed. Only 10% of our patients are currently in the active phase of arthritis. CONCLUSION: An incidence rate of 3.5/10(5) and a prevalence rate of 51.4/10(5) children and adolescents aged less than 16 years old in Asturias were calculated (taking into account the possible bias of our study). The most frequent form of onset was persistent oligoarticular arthritis and the most commonly involved joints were the knees.


Assuntos
Artrite Juvenil/epidemiologia , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Espanha/epidemiologia , Fatores de Tempo
9.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 66(1): 24-30, ene. 2007. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-054156

RESUMO

Introducción La artritis idiopática juvenil (AIJ) es una de las enfermedades crónicas más frecuentes en niños. Resulta sorprendente la gran variedad de cifras que manejan los diferentes estudios publicados en cuanto a su incidencia (0,8-22,6/10 5 < de 16 años) y prevalencia (7-400/10 5 jóvenes). Material y métodos Se realiza un estudio epidemiológico retrospectivo de la enfermedad para identificar a todos los enfermos nacidos a partir de 1989, residentes en el Principado de Asturias y diagnosticados de AIJ según los criterios acordados por la Liga Internacional de Asociaciones para la Reumatología (ILAR). Resultados Se obtuvieron datos de un total de 60 pacientes, 23 varones y 37 mujeres. La edad media para el inicio de la enfermedad fue de 5,6 años, siendo las espondiloartropatías las de mayor edad al inicio de la sintomatología. La tasa media de incidencia para todo el período de estudio resultó ser de 2,5/10 5 < 16 años (3,5 en el momento actual). La prevalencia según estos datos sería de 51,4/10 5. En el 50 % de los pacientes la enfermedad se inició como inflamación en una de sus rodillas. En cuanto a la distribución por subgrupos, la mayoría se clasificó como oligoarticular persistente (41,7 %), seguida por las espondiloartropatías (11,7 %), no clasificables (11,7 %), poliarticular (11,7 %), sistémica (10 %), artritis psoriásica (6,7 %) y forma oligoarticular extendida (6,7 %). Se detectaron 5 casos de uveítis anterior crónica (forma oligoarticular en todos los casos). El metotrexato fue empleado en 25 niños, con buena eficacia terapéutica y sin ningún efecto adverso importante. Sólo el 10 % de nuestros pacientes se encuentra actualmente en fase activa de la enfermedad. Conclusiones La incidencia anual de AIJ en Asturias en el momento actual, y con la salvedad de los posibles sesgos de nuestro estudio, es de 3,5/10 5 < 16 años, con una prevalencia de 51,4/10 5 menores de dicha edad. Predomina la forma oligoarticular persistente siendo la rodilla la articulación más frecuentemente afectada


Introduction Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is one of the most common chronic diseases in children. The results of several epidemiologic studies have shown surprisingly wide variety in the incidence (0.8 to 22.6 per 100000 children) and prevalence (7 to 400 per 100000) of this disease. Material and methods We performed a retrospective epidemiological study to identify all patients born after 1989 and resident in Asturias who were diagnosed with JIA using the criteria of the International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR) criteria. Results Data were obtained from 60 patients (23 boys and 37 girls). The mean age of symptom onset was 5.6 years, with onset of spondyloarthropathies occurring most frequently in the oldest group. An incidence rate of 2.5/10 5 (3.5 at the present time) and a prevalence rate of 51.4/10 5 children and adolescents aged less than 16 years old were calculated. In 50 % of patients, JIA started with inflammation in one of the knees. The most frequent form of onset was persistent oligoarticular arthritis (41.7 %), followed by spondyloarthropathies (11.7 %), conditions that did not meet the criteria for any category (11.7 %), polyarticular arthritis (11.7 %), systemic disease (10 %), psoriatic arthritis (6.7 %), and extended oligoarticular arthritis (6.7 %). Chronic anterior uveitis was found in 5 patients (pauciarticular group in all 5 patients). Methotrexate was used in 25 children with good response and no relevant adverse events were observed. Only 10 % of our patients are currently in the active phase of arthritis. Conclusion An incidence rate of 3.5/10 5 and a prevalence rate of 51.4/10 5 children and adolescents aged less than 16 years old in Asturias were calculated (taking into account the possible bias of our study). The most frequent form of onset was persistent oligoarticular arthritis and the most commonly involved joints were the knees


Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Humanos , Artrite Juvenil/epidemiologia , Artrite Reumatoide/complicações , Artrite Reumatoide/epidemiologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Doenças Ósseas Metabólicas/complicações , Doenças Ósseas Metabólicas/diagnóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Análise de Variância , Estudos Epidemiológicos
12.
Acta Paediatr ; 92(1): 21-6, 2003.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12650294

RESUMO

AIM: To establish the variables that correlate with uptake defects in dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scintigraphy performed in the acute phase of a first episode of urinary tract infection (UTI). METHODS: A prospective observational study was conducted in a cohort of 158 consecutive children with a first episode of symptomatic UTI. The therapeutic delay time (TDT) was recorded. DMSA scintigraphy was performed in all children and voiding cystourethrography in 150 of them. RESULTS: 85% of the patients were younger than 2 y. Mean TDT was 33.5 h. The aetiological agent was Escherichia coli in 140 children. DMSA scintigraphy was normal in 81. Vesicoureteric reflux was detected in 33. After a multivariate logistic regression analysis the following variables were retained in the final model: TDT > or = 48 h, growth of bacteria other than E. coli, percentage of polymorphonuclear cells > or = 60% and C-reactive protein > or = 30 mg l(-1). CONCLUSION: TDT > or = 48 h, bacteria other than E. coli, percentage of polymorphonuclear cells > or = 60% and CRP > or = 30 mg l(-1) influence the findings detected in the DMSA scintigraphy performed in the acute phase of a first episode of UTI.


Assuntos
Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos/efeitos adversos , Ácido Dimercaptossuccínico Tecnécio Tc 99m/efeitos adversos , Infecções Urinárias/diagnóstico , Refluxo Vesicoureteral/induzido quimicamente , Doença Aguda , Estudos de Coortes , Infecções por Escherichia coli/complicações , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Tempo , Tomografia Computadorizada de Emissão , Infecções Urinárias/microbiologia
13.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 57(6): 517-522, nov. 2001. tab
Artigo em ES | IBECS | ID: ibc-4967

RESUMO

Objetivo: Conocer los hábitos de alimentación complementaria de los niños menores de 12 meses de edad de nuestro Área Sanitaria. Comparar los datos obtenidos en dos estudios idénticos realizados en 1996 y 2000. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional descriptivo y transversal a través de dos encuestas telefónicas idénticas realizadas a madres de niños menores de 12 meses de edad nacidos en nuestro Hospital. Fecha de realización: primera encuesta en abril 1996 y segunda encuesta en abril de 2000. Población diana: niños de nuestro Área Sanitaria menores de un año. Población a estudio: niños menores de un año nacidos en nuestro Hospital entre marzo 1995 y marzo 1996 en primera encuesta, y marzo 1999 y marzo 2000 en segunda encuesta. Muestreo aleatorio estratificado por trimestres. Tamaño muestral deseable: 310 niños por encuesta. Tamaño muestra inicial: 400 niños por encuesta. Resultados: Respuestas válidas: 77,7 por ciento. El día de la entrevista tomaron cereales sin gluten el 33 por ciento de los entrevistados, cereales con gluten el 39 por ciento, zumo de fruta el 54 por ciento, fruta el 64 por ciento, verduras el 55 por ciento, legumbres el 10 por ciento, carne el 47 por ciento, pescado el 12 por ciento y huevo el 10 por ciento. El 24 por ciento inició alimentación complementaria antes del cuarto mes, el 4 por ciento tomó gluten antes del sexto mes, el 5 por ciento carne antes del sexto mes, el 4 por ciento pescado antes del octavo mes, el 23 por ciento había tomado alguna vez sal en la comida durante el primer año, el 18 por ciento azúcar, el 3 por ciento cacao y el 10 por ciento había tomado golosinas o dulces manufacturados. El 94 por ciento tomaba vitamina D el día de la encuesta, el 37 por ciento vitamina C y el 11 por ciento flúor. El 21 por ciento tomó medicamentos el día de la entrevista. Conclusiones: La introducción de la alimentación complementaria sigue un calendario rígido con un alto porcentaje de adherencia según dicen sus madres (AU)


Assuntos
Feminino , Lactente , Masculino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Lactente , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição Infantil , Estudos Transversais , Entrevistas como Assunto , 24457 , Vitaminas na Dieta , Minerais na Dieta
14.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 57(3): 243-249, mayo 2001.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-475

RESUMO

Objetivo: Conocer los hábitos de lactancia de los niños menores de 12 meses de edad de nuestro Área Sanitaria. Comparar los datos obtenidos en dos estudios realizados en 1996 y 2000. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional descriptivo y transversal a través de dos encuestas telefónicas idénticas realizadas a madres de niños menores de 12 meses de edad nacidos en nuestro Hospital. Fecha de realización: primera encuesta en abril 1996 y segunda encuesta en abril de 2000. Población diana: niños de nuestro Área Sanitaria menores de un año. Población a estudio: niños menores de un año nacidos en nuestro Hospital entre marzo 1995 y marzo 1996 en primera encuesta, y marzo 1999 y marzo 2000 en segunda encuesta. Muestreo aleatorio estratificado por trimestres. Tamaño muestral deseable: 310 niños por encuesta. Tamaño muestra inicial: 400 niños por encuesta. Resultados: Respuestas válidas: 77,7 por ciento. El 20,2 por ciento de todos los niños encuestados tomaron lactancia materna el día de la entrevista. Lactancia al salir del hospital: 58,7 por ciento lactancia materna, 26,7 por ciento lactancia artificial y 14,6 por ciento lactancia mixta. Supervivencia media de lactancia materna: 2,1 meses (1,2 meses para lactancia materna exclusiva). Diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre ambas encuestas en lactancia exclusiva. Lactancia artificial: 83,8 por ciento tomaba leche adaptada el día de la encuesta. El 42,1 por ciento de los niños había tomado más de una marca de leche adaptada desde su nacimiento. El 17,5 por ciento había tomado en su casa, en algún momento, una leche especial desde su nacimiento (46,8 por ciento leche antirreflujo, 20,2 por ciento leche sin lactosa, 14,7 por ciento hidrolizado, 9,2 por ciento leche hipoalergénica y 3,7 por ciento leche de soja). Leche entera de vaca: 4,8 por ciento de los niños el día de la encuesta. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de la lactancia materna es baja en nuestro Área Sanitaria, con una supervivencia media de 2,1 meses. Existe un consumo importante de leches medicamento. Sólo un 4,8 por ciento de los niños consume leche entera de vaca en el primer año de vida. Existen algunas variaciones entre los datos obtenidos en 1996 y 2000, aunque su importancia clínica parece muy discreta (AU)


Assuntos
Lactente , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Lactação , Aleitamento Materno , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Lactente , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Lactente , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Transversais
15.
An Esp Pediatr ; 48(1): 21-4, 1998 Jan.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9542222

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Not all hospitals in our country have their own nuclear medicine laboratory. Most small and medium size hospitals must arrange their radioisotope studies with private clinics. The objective of this study was to assess if a single DMSA scan performed after an acute infection in a group of patients chosen according to certain risk criteria would allow the selection of those who run the risk of progressive renal damage. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A descriptive and retrospective study of the clinical records of 65 patients under 14 years of age with urinary tract infection (UTI) seen at our institution between 1994 and 1995 and on whom a DMSA scan had been performed was carried out. The study groups was formed by the fifteen children with scintigraphic findings compatible with renal scarring. The fifty children with normal DMSA scans were used as controls. RESULTS: Renal scarring was found more often in patients over one year of age (p < 0.05), in those with reinfections (p < 0.001) and in those kidneys with grade III vesicoureteral reflux (VUR, p < 0.05). The most severe lesions, with reduction of renal size, shape abnormalities and diminished uptake of the tracer were found together with VUR. The renal sonogram performed during the acute stage of the UTI was able to detect only four of the six children most severely affected. CONCLUSIONS: Delaying the practice of the DMSA scan until 6 months after the last episode of bacteriuria would allow selection of those patients at the highest risk of progressive renal damage. This guideline would reduce scintigraphic studies 30 to 90%, since it would avoid repeated studies in those children with abnormal findings in the acute stage. The practice of the radioisotope study only in a reduced subset of patients selected on the basis of risk criteria such as recurrent UTI, VUR or suspected pyelonephritis does not allow detection of all scars.


Assuntos
Infecção Hospitalar/diagnóstico por imagem , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos , Ácido Dimercaptossuccínico Tecnécio Tc 99m , Infecções Urinárias/diagnóstico por imagem , Adolescente , Criança , Protocolos Clínicos , Humanos , Rim/diagnóstico por imagem , Pielonefrite/diagnóstico por imagem , Cintilografia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Ultrassonografia , Refluxo Vesicoureteral/diagnóstico por imagem
16.
An Esp Pediatr ; 30(5): 377-9, 1989 May.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2667412

RESUMO

We present three cases of acute lobar nephronia or acute focal bacterial nephritis on paediatric patients. Both radiological and echographic pictures are described, emphasizing those aspects which, together with a clinical symptomatology, allow a differential diagnose with abscess and neoplasias renally settled. We think that, among those patients suffering from pyelonephritis, an early practice of renal echography followed by further controls, allow an early detection of lobar nephronia cases and assessing a response to the treatment.


Assuntos
Infecções Bacterianas , Pielonefrite/etiologia , Doença Aguda , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pielonefrite/diagnóstico por imagem , Pielonefrite/patologia , Radiografia , Ultrassonografia
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