RESUMO
La braquidactilia constituye una malformación genética heredable con carácter autosómico dominante o recesivo. En este artículo se describe el caso de una familia gitana que presentabraquidactlia congénita. El estudio se hizo en el Distrito Sanitario de Guadix en Granada. Los sujetos de estudio fueron cuatro hermanos (dos hombres y dos mujeres) integrantes de la misma unidad familiar y pertenecientes a la comunidad gitana. Se recogieron datos sociodemográficos y genéticos. Los sujetos presentan la manifestación de braquidactilia expresada fenotípicamente con alguna variabilidad entre ellos. Los datos radiológicos evidencian que corresponden a la braquidactilia tipo A4. Uno de ellos presenta una mezcla de A4 con E, o quizás se trate de una nueva variedad no clasificada. Todos presentan anomalías similares en los pies. Además, presentan obesidad, dislipidemia y diversos grados de consanguinidad...
Brachydactyly is an inheritable autosomal genetic malformation, either dominant or recessive. This article describes a gypsy family presenting with congenital brachydactyly. The study was conducted at the Sanitary District of Guadix, in Granada, Spain. The study subjects were four siblings (two women and two men), members of the same family and belonging to the Roma community. Demographic and genetic data were collected. With some variability, they had the phenotypic manifestation of brachydactyly. Radiographic data revealed that it was type A4 brachydactyly, but one of them featured a blend of A4 with E, or perhaps it is a new unclassified variety. All cases showed similar abnormalities in the feet. Besides, they are obese, and have dyslipidemia and different degrees of consanguinity...
A braquidactilia constitui uma malformação genética com caráter autossômico dominante ou recessiva. Este artigo descreve o caso de uma família cigana que apresenta braquidactlia congênitas. O estudo foi feito no Distrito de Sanitário de Guadix em Granada. Os sujeitos do estudo foram quatro irmãos (dois homens e duas mulheres) membros da mesma unidade familiar e pertencentes à comunidade cigana. Foram coletados dados demográficos e genéticos. Os sujeitos apresentam a manifestação de braquidactilia expressa fenotipicamente com alguma variabilidade entre eles. Os elementos radiológicos mostram que correspondem à braquidactilia tipo A4. Um deles apresenta uma mistura de A4, com E, ou, talvez, uma nova variedade não classificadas. Todos têm anomalias semelhantes nos pés. Ademais, apresentam obesidade, dislipidemia e diferentes graus de consanguinidade...
Assuntos
Humanos , Anormalidades Congênitas , Braquidactilia , Etnicidade , GenéticaRESUMO
La glomerulonefritis es un término empleado para expresar la proliferación e inflamación endocapilar del glomérulo renal, que clínicamente puede manifestarse de numerosas formas e incluso permanecer asintomática. En su etiología se encuentran múltiples mecanismos, como la participación de microorganismos y parásitos, aunque es destacable el mecanismo autoinmune en el que se identifican varios componentes del sistema inmune, entre ellos el sistema del complemento. Un ejemplo de este último mecanismo es la glomerulonefritis secundaria al Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico (LES), que ha sido objeto de investigación en los últimos años, y en la que se han hecho importantes avances en cuanto al descubrimiento de nuevas moléculas implicadas en el proceso etiopatogénico. Esto ha conseguido abrir una puerta a nuevas terapias que reduzcan la mortalidad y mejoren la calidad de vida. Se ha revisado la fisiopatología, clínica, diagnóstico, pronóstico y tratamientos, incluyendo los emergentes, en cuanto a glomerulonefritis haciendo hincapié en la glomerulonefritis lúpica y otras glomerulonefritis de mecanismo igualmente autoinmune.
Assuntos
Autoimunidade , Glomerulonefrite/classificação , Glomerulonefrite/fisiopatologia , Glomerulonefrite/terapia , Falência Renal Crônica , Nefrite Lúpica , Doenças Autoimunes , Sistema Imunitário/anormalidadesRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Cutaneous candidiasis is a disease that affects children as well as adults. The presentation may be localized or systemic, and with multiple etiological agents. The most prevalent infecting species in children differs from that of the adult. OBJECTIVE: A case is presented where a congenital cutaneous candidiasis was transmitted to the child during birth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A full term newborn was exposed to a subclinical vaginal candidiasis infection, and 24 hr after birth, developed congenital cutaneous candidiasis. The etiological agent was Candida albicans, and was associated with sepsis and respiratory distress. Blood cultures, cutaneous biopsy of vesicular lesions, blood tests and lumbar puncture were performed. RESULTS: Biochemistry and blood count showed a CRP of 5.7 mg/dl, leukocytosis with left shift and mild anemia. After 24 hr, the blood analyses showed an increase in a CRP (7.8 mg/dl) and increased progressively for three days; consequently, a lumbar puncture was performed. Blood culture was positive for Staphylococcus aureus. Cutaneous biopsy confirmed the cutaneous candidiasis. CONCLUSIONS: The early diagnosis is essential to prevent complications derived by the Candida albicans in newborns.
Assuntos
Candidíase Cutânea/congênito , Transmissão Vertical de Doenças Infecciosas , Administração Cutânea , Administração Oral , Anti-Infecciosos/administração & dosagem , Anti-Infecciosos/uso terapêutico , Bacteriemia/complicações , Bacteriemia/tratamento farmacológico , Bacteriemia/microbiologia , Bicarbonatos/administração & dosagem , Bicarbonatos/uso terapêutico , Candidíase Cutânea/complicações , Candidíase Cutânea/diagnóstico , Candidíase Cutânea/tratamento farmacológico , Candidíase Cutânea/patologia , Candidíase Cutânea/transmissão , Candidíase Vulvovaginal/transmissão , Cefotaxima/administração & dosagem , Cefotaxima/uso terapêutico , Líquido Cefalorraquidiano/microbiologia , Clorexidina/uso terapêutico , Coinfecção , Diagnóstico Precoce , Emolientes/administração & dosagem , Emolientes/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Miconazol/administração & dosagem , Miconazol/uso terapêutico , Permanganato de Potássio/administração & dosagem , Permanganato de Potássio/uso terapêutico , Gravidez , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez , Transtornos Respiratórios/etiologia , Sepse/etiologia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/complicações , Infecções Estafilocócicas/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Estafilocócicas/microbiologia , Staphylococcus aureus/isolamento & purificação , Irrigação TerapêuticaRESUMO
Introducción: La patología tumoral (PT) implica una morbimortalidad no despreciable después del trasplante renal, siendo la inmunosupresión un factor de riesgo potencialmente responsable de su desarrollo. El objetivo de nuestro estudio es determinar la prevalencia de malignidad durante el trasplante y estudiar su posible asociación con el uso de anticuerpos antilinfocitarios, infección por citomegalovirus y el antecedente de rechazo agudo. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio de cohorte, retrospectivo, en 1034 receptores de trasplante renal en el que se revisaron los eventos tumorales acontecidos entre abril de 1981 y marzo de 2010. Se consignaron el uso de anticuerpos antilinfocitarios (AAL), infección por CMV y episodios de rechazo agudo (RA), relacionando estas variables con el desarrollo posterior de patología tumoral. Resultados: NO se detectó mayor frecuencia de PT maligna en aquellos que recibieron AAL (13,8% vs. 17,6%, p=0,094) p=0,094). No hubo mayor frecuencia de PT en pacientes con infección por CMV (16,3% vs. 15,2%, p=0,69). Por último, hubo mayor frecuencia de PT en aquellos con antecedentes de RA, si bien con significación limítrofe (19,5% vs. 14,3%, p=0,05). Conclusiones: La patología tumoral maligna se ve potencialmente favorecida por la inmunosupresión cada vez más potente y duradera. No hemos encontrado asociación entre la administración de AAL, infección y / o enfermedad por CMV; si bien esta se ve ligeramente incrementada en aquellos pacientes con el antecedente de RA.
Introduction: Tumoral pathology (TP) implies morbidity which is significant after the renal transplantation; Immunosuppression is a risk factor which is potentially responsible for tumoral development. The aim of our study is to determine the prevalence of malignancy during transplantation and to study its possible relation with the usage of antillymphocvte antibodies, cytomegalovirus infection and the history of acute rejection. Methods: It is a cohort study, retrospective, in 1014 receptors of Kidney transplantation in which tumoral events were revised between April 1981 and March 2010. The development of tumoral pathology in recipients was related with the usage of AAL, CMV infection and AR episodes. Results: a greater frequency of malign TP was no recorded in those who received AAL (13.8% vs. 17.6%, p=0.094). There was not greater frequency of TP in patients with infection due to CMV (16,3% vs, 15.2%, p=0.69). Finally, there was greater frequency of TP in those with antecedent of AR, though with bordering significance (19.5%, vs. 14.3% p=0.05). Conclusions: Malign tumoral pathology is potentially favored by immunosuppression increasingly powerful lasting. We have not found any relationship between AAL use, infection and/ or disease due to CMV, although this is slightly increased in those patients with AR history.
Assuntos
Humanos , Imunossupressores/efeitos adversos , Neoplasias/patologia , Transplante de Rim , Patologia , Transplante de Rim/efeitos adversos , Transplante de Rim/imunologia , Transplante de Rim/patologiaRESUMO
Fundamento y objetivo: El pioderma gangrenoso es un trastorno crónico que consiste en una ulceración dolorosa, de etiología desconocida. Puede desarrollarse en áreas que han sufrido un trauma o heridas quirúrgicas. El objetivo de este estudio fue la evaluación v atención de enfermería en un paciente varón de 47 años afecto de Granulomatosis de Wegener, con Insuficiencia Renal Crónica (IRC) en hemodiálisis desde hace 7 años. Pacientes: El paciente tras 15 días de intervención quirúrgica para realización de fístula arteriovenosa (FAV) comenzó a desarrollar, una úlcera dolorosa que aumentó de tamaño de manera progresiva. Resultados y conclusiones: Desde el comienzo se puso en marcha el tratamiento, que consistía, entre otras cosas, en curas locales con solución salina la aplicación tópica de valerato de betametasona con gentamicina, obteniendo una mejora significativa ele la úlcera. Se concluye (que el tratamiento local fué un éxito, siendo recomendable la realización de un protocolo para pacientes con enfermedades autoinmunes, que aunque raras, pueden causar este tipo de lesiones.
Background and objectives: Pyoderrna gangrenosum is a chronic, painful, ulcerative skin of unknown etiology. In 50% of cases, is associated with systemic diseases, mainly inflammatory bowel disease. lt can develop in areas of trauma or surgical wounds. The aim of this study was the evaluation and nursing care in a patient with chronic kidney disease stage undergoes dialysis Wegener's granulomatosis, pyoderrna gangrenosum who developed a scar on cephalic arteriovenous fistula in his right hand. Patient and method: Since the beginning of the ulcer and 40 days was set in motion the plan, which consisted of local treatment with saline and topical betamethasone valerate with gentamicin, for a significant improvernent of the ulcer. Results and conclusion: Local treatment with saline and topical betamethasone valerate with gentamicin was a success, although it is clearly essential to nursing, performing a protocol for patients with autoimmune diseases, although rare, can cause this type injury, so interdisplicinar collaboration is essential to act quickly when they occur, the prevention of major risks to the patient.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Fístula Arteriovenosa/complicações , Granulomatose com Poliangiite , Pioderma GangrenosoRESUMO
Introducción: La patología tumoral (PT) implica una morbimortalidad no despreciable después del trasplante renal, siendo la inmunosupresión un factor de riesgo potencialmente responsable de su desarrollo. El objetivo de nuestro estudio es determinar la prevalencia de malignidad durante el trasplante y estudiar su posible asociación con el uso de anticuerpos antilinfocitarios, infección por citomegalovirus y el antecedente de rechazo agudo. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio de cohorte, retrospectivo, en 1034 receptores de trasplante renal en el que se revisaron los eventos tumorales acontecidos entre abril de 1981 y marzo de 2010. Se consignaron el uso de anticuerpos antilinfocitarios (AAL), infección por CMV y episodios de rechazo agudo (RA), relacionando estas variables con el desarrollo posterior de patología tumoral. Resultados: NO se detectó mayor frecuencia de PT maligna en aquellos que recibieron AAL (13,8% vs. 17,6%, p=0,094) p=0,094). No hubo mayor frecuencia de PT en pacientes con infección por CMV (16,3% vs. 15,2%, p=0,69). Por último, hubo mayor frecuencia de PT en aquellos con antecedentes de RA, si bien con significación limítrofe (19,5% vs. 14,3%, p=0,05). Conclusiones: La patología tumoral maligna se ve potencialmente favorecida por la inmunosupresión cada vez más potente y duradera. No hemos encontrado asociación entre la administración de AAL, infección y / o enfermedad por CMV; si bien esta se ve ligeramente incrementada en aquellos pacientes con el antecedente de RA.(AU)
Introduction: Tumoral pathology (TP) implies morbidity which is significant after the renal transplantation; Immunosuppression is a risk factor which is potentially responsible for tumoral development. The aim of our study is to determine the prevalence of malignancy during transplantation and to study its possible relation with the usage of antillymphocvte antibodies, cytomegalovirus infection and the history of acute rejection. Methods: It is a cohort study, retrospective, in 1014 receptors of Kidney transplantation in which tumoral events were revised between April 1981 and March 2010. The development of tumoral pathology in recipients was related with the usage of AAL, CMV infection and AR episodes. Results: a greater frequency of malign TP was no recorded in those who received AAL (13.8% vs. 17.6%, p=0.094). There was not greater frequency of TP in patients with infection due to CMV (16,3% vs, 15.2%, p=0.69). Finally, there was greater frequency of TP in those with antecedent of AR, though with bordering significance (19.5%, vs. 14.3% p=0.05). Conclusions: Malign tumoral pathology is potentially favored by immunosuppression increasingly powerful lasting. We have not found any relationship between AAL use, infection and/ or disease due to CMV, although this is slightly increased in those patients with AR history.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Neoplasias/patologia , Transplante de Rim , Imunossupressores/efeitos adversos , Transplante de Rim/efeitos adversos , Transplante de Rim/imunologia , Transplante de Rim/patologia , PatologiaRESUMO
Fundamento y objetivo: El pioderma gangrenoso es un trastorno crónico que consiste en una ulceración dolorosa, de etiología desconocida. Puede desarrollarse en áreas que han sufrido un trauma o heridas quirúrgicas. El objetivo de este estudio fue la evaluación v atención de enfermería en un paciente varón de 47 años afecto de Granulomatosis de Wegener, con Insuficiencia Renal Crónica (IRC) en hemodiálisis desde hace 7 años. Pacientes: El paciente tras 15 días de intervención quirúrgica para realización de fístula arteriovenosa (FAV) comenzó a desarrollar, una úlcera dolorosa que aumentó de tamaño de manera progresiva. Resultados y conclusiones: Desde el comienzo se puso en marcha el tratamiento, que consistía, entre otras cosas, en curas locales con solución salina la aplicación tópica de valerato de betametasona con gentamicina, obteniendo una mejora significativa ele la úlcera. Se concluye (que el tratamiento local fué un éxito, siendo recomendable la realización de un protocolo para pacientes con enfermedades autoinmunes, que aunque raras, pueden causar este tipo de lesiones. (AU)
Background and objectives: Pyoderrna gangrenosum is a chronic, painful, ulcerative skin of unknown etiology. In 50% of cases, is associated with systemic diseases, mainly inflammatory bowel disease. lt can develop in areas of trauma or surgical wounds. The aim of this study was the evaluation and nursing care in a patient with chronic kidney disease stage undergoes dialysis Wegeners granulomatosis, pyoderrna gangrenosum who developed a scar on cephalic arteriovenous fistula in his right hand. Patient and method: Since the beginning of the ulcer and 40 days was set in motion the plan, which consisted of local treatment with saline and topical betamethasone valerate with gentamicin, for a significant improvernent of the ulcer. Results and conclusion: Local treatment with saline and topical betamethasone valerate with gentamicin was a success, although it is clearly essential to nursing, performing a protocol for patients with autoimmune diseases, although rare, can cause this type injury, so interdisplicinar collaboration is essential to act quickly when they occur, the prevention of major risks to the patient.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Pioderma Gangrenoso , Fístula Arteriovenosa/complicações , Granulomatose com PoliangiiteRESUMO
Introducción. La candidiasis cutánea es una enfermedad que afecta tanto a población infantil como adulta. Las forma de presentación puede ser localizada o sistémica y el agente etiológico múltiple, siendo las especies infecciosas de Candida albicans más prevalentes en niños. Objetivo. Presentar un caso de candidiasis cutánea congénita cuya causa aparente fue la transmisión vertical durante el parto. Material y metodología. Se describe el caso de un recién nacido a término expuesto a una candidiasis vaginal subclínica, que desarrolló una candidiasis cutánea congénita por C. albicans asociada a sepsis y dificultad respiratoria en las primeras 24 horas de vida. Se practicaron hemocultivos, biopsia cutánea de las lesiones pápulopústulo-vesiculosas, análisis de sangre y punción lumbar. Resultados. En la bioquímica y el hemograma se encontró una proteína C reactiva de 5,7 mg/dl, leucocitosis con desviación a la izquierda y anemia leve. A las 24 horas, en el control se encontró una proteína C reactiva (7,82 mg/dl) que fue en aumento progresivo durante tres días, por lo que se practicó punción lumbar. El hemocultivo fue positivo para Staphylococcus aureus. La biopsia cutánea dio como resultado histológico la candidiasis cutánea. Conclusiones. El diagnóstico precoz es fundamental para prevenir complicaciones derivadas del cuadro producido por C. albicans en neonatos.
Introduction. Cutaneous candidiasis is a disease that affects children as well as adults. The presentation may be localized or systemic, and with multiple etiological agents. The most prevalent infecting species in children differs from that of the adult. Objective. A case is presented where a congenital cutaneous candidiasis was transmitted to the child during birth. Materials and methods. A full term newborn was exposed to a subclinical vaginal candidiasis infection, and 24 hr after birth, developed congenital cutaneous candidiasis. The etiological agent was Candida albicans, and was associated with sepsis and respiratory distress. Blood cultures, cutaneous biopsy of vesicular lesions, blood tests and lumbar puncture were performed. Results. Biochemistry and blood count showed a CRP of 5.7 mg/dl, leukocytosis with left shift and mild anemia. After 24 hr, the blood analyses showed an increase in a CRP (7.8 mg/dl) and increased progressively for three days; consequently, a lumbar puncture was performed. Blood culture was positive for Staphylococcus aureus. Cutaneous biopsy confirmed the cutaneous candidiasis. Conclusions. The early diagnosis is essential to prevent complications derived by the Candida albicans in newborns.
Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Gravidez , Candidíase Cutânea/congênito , Transmissão Vertical de Doenças Infecciosas , Administração Cutânea , Administração Oral , Anti-Infecciosos/administração & dosagem , Anti-Infecciosos/uso terapêutico , Bacteriemia/complicações , Bacteriemia/tratamento farmacológico , Bacteriemia/microbiologia , Bicarbonatos/administração & dosagem , Bicarbonatos/uso terapêutico , Coinfecção , Candidíase Cutânea/complicações , Candidíase Cutânea/diagnóstico , Candidíase Cutânea/tratamento farmacológico , Candidíase Cutânea/patologia , Candidíase Cutânea/transmissão , Candidíase Vulvovaginal/transmissão , Cefotaxima/administração & dosagem , Cefotaxima/uso terapêutico , Líquido Cefalorraquidiano/microbiologia , Clorexidina/uso terapêutico , Diagnóstico Precoce , Emolientes/administração & dosagem , Emolientes/uso terapêutico , Miconazol/administração & dosagem , Miconazol/uso terapêutico , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez , Permanganato de Potássio/administração & dosagem , Permanganato de Potássio/uso terapêutico , Transtornos Respiratórios/etiologia , Sepse/etiologia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/complicações , Infecções Estafilocócicas/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Estafilocócicas/microbiologia , Staphylococcus aureus/isolamento & purificação , Irrigação TerapêuticaRESUMO
Objetivo: Estudiar la relación entre función renal, medidas por la fórmula de Cockcroft-Gault(CG) y por la tasa de filtración glomerular estimada por la modificación de la dieta en enfermedad renal (MDRD) y la densidad mineral ósea (DMO), en pacientes postransplante renal. Pacientes y método: La muestra estuvo formada por 310 pacientes transplantados, 194 hombres y 116 mujeres, a los que se le realizó medición de la densidad mineral ósea en columna lumbar, cuello de fémur y radio distal mediante absorciometría dual de Rx (DXA) y estimación de la función renal por los métodos de CG y MDRD y determinaciones de índice de masa corporal (IMC). Resultados: Las medias de DMO y de los filtrados CG y MDRD, aumentan del sexto mes al primer año de trasplante, en pacientes con DMO normal, disminuye en la osteopenia y aumentan en osteoporosis. Las mediciones del IMC presentaron una alta correlación con el filtrado CG al sexto mes de transplante (r = 0,222 P < 0,001) y al año (r = 0,258 P < 0,001). Conclusiones: Las fórmulas de CG y MDRD, presentan una alta asociación con la densidad mineral ósea, pero solo la función renal medida por CG es un predictor importante de la pérdida ósea.
Background and objective: To study the relationship between measures of renal function and bone mineral density (BMD) to determine which measure of renal function by Cockcroft-Gault (CG) and estimated glomerular filtration rate by modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD), is more strongly associated with bone mineral density(BMI). Patients and Methods: The sample consisted of 310 patients transplanted, 194 men and 116 women, which underwent measurement of bone mineral density in lumbar spine, femur and radioulnar Rx dual absorptiometry (DXA) and renal function estimation by CG and MDRD methods and measurements of body mass index (BMI) Results: Mean bone mineral density and the CG and MDRD filtered, increase after 6 months the first year of transplantation in patients with normal bone mineral density, decreases in osteopenia and osteoporosis increases. BMI measurements were highly correlated with CG filtering the sixth month of transplantation (r = 0.222 p <0.001) and year (r = 0.258 p <0.001). Conclusions: Cockcroft-Gault (CG) and glomerular filtration rate estimated by the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) showed a high association with bone mineral density, but just the renal function as measured by CG is a predictor significant bone loss and fractures.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Densidade Óssea , Testes de Função Renal , Taxa de Filtração GlomerularRESUMO
Objetivo: Estudiar la relación entre función renal, medidas por la fórmula de Cockcroft-Gault(CG) y por la tasa de filtración glomerular estimada por la modificación de la dieta en enfermedad renal (MDRD) y la densidad mineral ósea (DMO), en pacientes postransplante renal. Pacientes y método: La muestra estuvo formada por 310 pacientes transplantados, 194 hombres y 116 mujeres, a los que se le realizó medición de la densidad mineral ósea en columna lumbar, cuello de fémur y radio distal mediante absorciometría dual de Rx (DXA) y estimación de la función renal por los métodos de CG y MDRD y determinaciones de índice de masa corporal (IMC). Resultados: Las medias de DMO y de los filtrados CG y MDRD, aumentan del sexto mes al primer año de trasplante, en pacientes con DMO normal, disminuye en la osteopenia y aumentan en osteoporosis. Las mediciones del IMC presentaron una alta correlación con el filtrado CG al sexto mes de transplante (r = 0,222 P < 0,001) y al año (r = 0,258 P < 0,001). Conclusiones: Las fórmulas de CG y MDRD, presentan una alta asociación con la densidad mineral ósea, pero solo la función renal medida por CG es un predictor importante de la pérdida ósea.(AU)
Background and objective: To study the relationship between measures of renal function and bone mineral density (BMD) to determine which measure of renal function by Cockcroft-Gault (CG) and estimated glomerular filtration rate by modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD), is more strongly associated with bone mineral density(BMI). Patients and Methods: The sample consisted of 310 patients transplanted, 194 men and 116 women, which underwent measurement of bone mineral density in lumbar spine, femur and radioulnar Rx dual absorptiometry (DXA) and renal function estimation by CG and MDRD methods and measurements of body mass index (BMI) Results: Mean bone mineral density and the CG and MDRD filtered, increase after 6 months the first year of transplantation in patients with normal bone mineral density, decreases in osteopenia and osteoporosis increases. BMI measurements were highly correlated with CG filtering the sixth month of transplantation (r = 0.222 p <0.001) and year (r = 0.258 p <0.001). Conclusions: Cockcroft-Gault (CG) and glomerular filtration rate estimated by the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) showed a high association with bone mineral density, but just the renal function as measured by CG is a predictor significant bone loss and fractures.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Testes de Função Renal , Densidade Óssea , Taxa de Filtração GlomerularRESUMO
La malnutrición proteíco calorica asi como la inflamación sistémica y metabólica son trastornos frecuentes entre los pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica sometidos a tratamiento renal sustitutivo (Hemodiálisis), lo que contribuye a su morbilidad y mortalidad. En este trabajo se ha seguido a 90 pacientes de ambos sexos con insuficiencia renal crónica que fueron tratados con hemodiálisis periódicamente en nuestra unidad durante cuatro años. A todos los pacientes se le realizaron mediciones trimestrales de albúmina plasmática (Alb), colesterol total (CT), proteínas totales (PT) y mensuales de transferrina (Tr), y se les efectuaron mediciones antropométricas de peso, altura e índice de masa corporal calculado mediante la formula peso/talla², y agrupada según la clasificación de la OMS en IMC < 18,50 infrapeso, 18,50 a 24,99 normal, 1,25 a 29,99 sobrepeso y >30 del IMC s/OMS. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el estado nutricional de estos pacientes mediante la valoración de parámetros bioquímicos y parámetros antropométricos y determinar si estos pacientes sufren alteraciones que sugieran deterioro nutricional directamente relacionado con el tiempo en diálisis. Durante los 4 años todos los pacientes manifestaron un importante descenso de los parámetros bioquímicos, en cambio el IMC no presentó cambios significativos en relación a la desnutrición. Por lo tanto la desnutrición de los pacientes en diálisis es un hecho patente, el IMC no se corresponde con lo parámetros bioquímicos observados, por lo que el deterioro nutricional de estos pacientes se manifiesta principalmente mediante los parámetros bioquímicos estudiados.
Protein-calorie malnutrition as well as systemic inflammation and metabolic disorders are common among patients with chronic renal failure undergoing renal replacement therapy (hemodialysis), which contributes to their morbidity and mortality. This work has followed 90 patients of both sexes with chronic kidney disease who were treated with hemodialysis periodically in our unit for four years. All patients were performed quarterly measurements of plasma albumina (Alb), total cholesterol (TC), total protein (TP) and monthly transferrin (Tr), Anthropometric measurements of height and weight were taken on all patients by using a balance/stadiometer (Perperson 113481); weight was measured in kilograms and height in centimetres. BMI was calculated with this formula: weight/height2 and classified according to the WHO criteria: BMI.
Assuntos
Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Colesterol/sangue , Falência Renal Crônica/terapia , Desnutrição Proteico-Calórica/etiologia , Proteínas/análise , Diálise Renal/efeitos adversos , Albumina Sérica/análise , Transferrina/análise , Índice de Massa Corporal , Estado Nutricional , Desnutrição Proteico-Calórica/diagnóstico , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Background: The need to educate adolescents about healthy sexual behavior motivated the development of an education program on sexuality. Aim: To describe the knowledge of students about sexuality and the implementation of a sexual education project. Material and Methods: Sixty students aged 14 years (34 females), attending the third year of secondary education participated in dynamic workshops about healthy sexual behaviors. Results: The most common reactions of students when facing situations related to sexual behavior were shame, anxiety, fear and lack of knowledge. Group dynamics improved the practical knowledge of students about sexual behavior, allowing them to make informed decisions. Conclusions: These innovative educational techniques should be expanded to other students.
Assuntos
Adolescente , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Comportamento do Adolescente/psicologia , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Programas Gente Saudável/métodos , Educação Sexual/métodos , Comportamento Sexual , Estudantes/psicologia , Espanha , Estudantes/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
Protein-calorie malnutrition as well as systemic inflammation and metabolic disorders are common among patients with chronic renal failure undergoing renal replacement therapy (hemodialysis), which contributes to their morbidity and mortality. This work has followed 90 patients of both sexes with chronic kidney disease who were treated with hemodialysis periodically in our unit for four years. All patients were performed quarterly measurements of plasma albúmina (A1b), total cholesterol (TC), total protein (TP) and monthly transferrin (Tr), Anthropometric measurements of height and weight were taken on all patients by using a balance/stadiometer (Perperson 113481); weight was measured in kilograms and height in centimetres. BMI was calculated with this formula: weight/height2 and classified according to the WHO criteria: BMI < 18.50: Underweight; from 18.50 to 24.99: Normal range; from 25.00 to 29.99: Overweight; and BMI > or =30.00: Obese. The aim of this work was evaluate the nutritional status of these patients through the assessment of biochemical parameters and anthropometric parameters and determine if these patients suffer alterations suggesting nutritional deterioration directly related to the time on dialysis. During the 4 years all patients showed a significant decline of biochemical parameters, on the other hand the BMI did not significant changes in relation to malnutrition. Malnutrition in patients on dialysis is therefore evident, the BMI does not correspond with the biochemical parameters observed, so nutritional deterioration of these patients is mainly manifested by biochemical parameters studied.
Assuntos
Colesterol/sangue , Falência Renal Crônica/terapia , Desnutrição Proteico-Calórica/etiologia , Proteínas/análise , Diálise Renal/efeitos adversos , Albumina Sérica/análise , Transferrina/análise , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Índice de Massa Corporal , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estado Nutricional , Desnutrição Proteico-Calórica/diagnóstico , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The need to educate adolescents about healthy sexual behavior motivated the development of an education program on sexuality. AIM: To describe the knowledge of students about sexuality and the implementation of a sexual education project. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty students aged 14 years (34 females), attending the third year of secondary education participated in dynamic workshops about healthy sexual behaviors. RESULTS: The most common reactions of students when facing situations related to sexual behavior were shame, anxiety, fear and lack of knowledge. Group dynamics improved the practical knowledge of students about sexual behavior, allowing them to make informed decisions. CONCLUSIONS: These innovative educational techniques should be expanded to other students.