Conocimientos, prácticas y estilos de vida durante COVID-19 entre estudiantes universitarios en México: encuesta en línea / Knowledge, practices and lifestyle during COVID-19 among university students in Mexico: online survey

Introducción: la pandemia del síndrome respiratorio agudo grave Sars-CoV-2 causado por un coronavirus que se denominó COVID-19, revolucionado de forma importante los estilos de vida de la población universitaria, la población requiere de conocimientos y tener buenas prácticas para evitar el contagio por medio del autocuidado, los retos y adaptaciones del aprendizaje en un entorno virtual conlleva a formas de vida modificadas relacionadas con un incremento de sedentarismo, estrés y temor al contagio, entre otros. Objetivo: determinar los estilos de vida saludables, conocimientos y prácticas de cuidado por causa de la pandemia de COVID-19 en estudiantes de enfermería de la Universidad de Morelos. Material y métodos: estudio descriptivo, transversal, con participación de 265 estudiantes. Se aplicaron los cuestionarios en línea HPLP-II, valora estilos de vida y cuestionario ex profeso para conocimientos, práctica del cuidado durante la pandemia, durante septiembre a octubre 2020. Resultados: conocimientos: los estudiantes sólo reconocen la sintomatología respiratoria, mencionan que practican sólo algunas de las medidas de seguridad, se obtuvo asociaciones entre conocimientos, práctica y estilos de vida p=<.05. Discusión: estudios en Perú, Colombia, España y México, revelan resultados semejantes y significativos, relacionan calidad de vida y estilos de vida, conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas adecuadas, así como actitudes positivas de estudiantes universitarios ante la COVID-19. Conclusión: la población universitaria es vulnerable al contagio, aún no han dimensionado la magnitud del problema que se vive, cuentan con escasos recursos, los estilos de vida se fragilizan al afectar las dimensiones alimentación, actividad y ejercicio, control del estrés, relaciones interpersonales, entre otras.

Introduction: the severe acute respiratory syndrome Sars-CoV-2 pandemic, caused by a coronavirus called COVID-19, has significantly revolutionized the lifestyles of the university population, it requires knowledge and good practices to avoid contagion through self-care; the challenges and adaptations of learning in a virtual environment lead to modified lifestyles, related to an increase in sedentary lifestyle, stress and fear of contagion, among others. Objective: determine healthy lifestyles, knowledge and care practices due to the Covid-19 pandemic in nursing students at the University of Morelos. Material and methods: descriptive, cross-sectional study, with participation of 265 students. The HPLP-II online questionnaires were applied, asses lifestyles and an exprofessional questionnaire for knowledge, and practice of care during the pandemic, were applied during September to October 2020. Results: knowledge: students only recognize respiratory symptoms; they mention that they practice only some of safety measures, associations were obtained between knowledge, practice and lifestyles, p = <. 05. Discussion: studies in Peru, Colombia, Spain and Mexico reveal similar and significant results; these relate quality of life and lifestyles, knowledge, attitudes and appropriate practices, as well as positive attitudes of university students towards COVID-19. Conclusion: the university population is vulnerable to contagion, it has not yet dimensioned the magnitude of the problem that it is experiencing, it has few resources, and lifestyles are weakened by affecting the dimensions of nutrition, activity and exercise, stress control, interpersonal relationships, among others.

[Long-term results of end-to-end urethroplasty]. / Resultado a largo plazo de la uretroplastia término-terminal.

OBJECTIVE: We evaluated long term results of end-to-end urethroplasty. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We reviewed 40 patients with bulbar urethral stricture of diverse origin: iatrogenic 40%, traumatic 15%, infectious 2% and unknown 40%. In 17 cases internal urethrotomy was made previously. The radiological study with retrograde and voiding cystogram revealed a bulbar location in all cases and a length inferior to 1 cm in 13 cases, between 1-2 cm in 26 cases and 2-3 cm in 1 case. The maximum flow rate varied between 3-13 ml/s. The absence of bacteriuria was valued by means of preoperating culture. The average time of pursuit was 45 months (12-142 months). The stricture was considered resolute when not appear compatible radiological or functional finds of failure. RESULTS: In 37 cases (92%) the results were satisfactory, without secondary surgical procedure. After surgery maximum flow-rate varied between 18-45 ml/s. In two patients with failure, internal urethrotomy was decisive. In this case the stricture origin was traumatic. The third patient with failure was finally chosen to make new end-to-end urethroplasty, with good later result. CONCLUSIONS: End-to-end urethroplasty is a highly decisive technique for bulbar urethral stricture. The preoperating diagnosis is based on the radiological study (retrograde and voiding cystogram). The postoperating control must be based on clinic and uroflow study. Traumatic stricture repair showed worse results. In cases of failure, internal urethrotomy allows to complement successful results of end-to-end urethroplasty.

[Abscess in the posterior third of the tongue. A clinical case]. / Absceso de tercio posterior de lengua. Caso clínico.

A case of lingual abscess visualized by computed tomography is reported. The review of the literature demonstrated the difficulty of diagnosing these cases. Protection and surveillance of the upper airways is important. Computed tomography is the key to diagnosis.

[Pharyngolaryngeal xanthomatosis: a case report]. / Xantomatosis faringolaríngea. Caso clínico.

A case occurring in a 62 year-old male with a xantomatous infiltrate taking the pharyngolarynx is reported. Basic features of xantomatosis are described as other manifestations encountered in the ENT-area.

[Laryngeal fibrolipoma: a case report]. / Fibrolipoma laríngeo. Caso clínico.

A case of laryngeal fibrolipoma, a rare tumor, is presented. The histopathology, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and related literature are reviewed.

[Cervical granulomatous lymphadenitis: report of 13 cases]. / Linfadenitis granulomatosa cervical. A propósito de 13 casos.

The most common manifestation of mycobacterial infection encountered in E.N.T. practice is cervical lymphadenitis. Mycobacterial cervical lymphadenitis, the so-called scrofula, remains a diagnostic challenge, because it mimics other resembling processes. We present 13 cases of cervical granulomatous lymphadenitis treated from 1967 until 1990.

[Kikuchi-Fujimoto's syndrome in ENT: a case report]. / Enfermedad de Kikuchi-Fujimoto en O.R.L. A propósito de un caso.

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is a rare entity of uncertain cause which commonly presents as a lymphoadenopathy unresponsive to antibiotic therapy. Although usually it follows a benign self-limited course KFD has been repeatedly misdiagnosed as lymphoma. With this new case data about the etiology and clinical trend of KFD are added. Review of the literature.

[Cystic adenoidal carcinoma of the external ear]. / Carcinoma adenoide quístico de conducto auditivo externo.

Tumors of the ceruminous glands can affect the auricula and periauricular skin and should be included in the differential diagnosis of lesions of these regions. Correct management of these tumors depends on precise histopathologic classification and diagnosis of their extension. We report a case of cystic adenoid carcinoma of the external auditory canal. Signs and symptoms, histopathology, and treatment of these lesions as reported in the literature are reviewed.

[Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the larynx]. / Carcinoma mucoepidermoide de laringe.

A case report of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the larynx es presented and the literature reviewed. The inherent difficulties in histologic mucoepidermoid carcinoma is discussed. At the present time, mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the larynx should be regarded as a separate entity, its treatment based in histological grade as well as clinical behavior.

[Therapeutic approach, phonatory results and prognostic factors in patients with nodules, polyps and Reinke's edema of the vocal cord]. / Enfoque terapéutico, resultados fonatorios y factores pronósticos en pacientes con nódulos, pólipos y edema de Reinke de la cuerda vocal.

Retrospective study dealing with 100 cases of nodules, polyps and Reinke's edema of the vocal cord, characterizing this pathology classically considered as functional. Broad review of the subject's bibliography.

[Contribution of clinical and diagnostic aspects of vocal cord nodules, polyps, and Reinke's edemas]. / Aportación a los aspectos clínicos y diagnósticos de los nódulos, pólipos y edemas de Reinke de la cuerda vocal.

We have made a retrospective study about 100 cases of vocal cords nodules, polyps and polypoid degeneration: we study the clinic and diagnostic aspects for this pathology that has been considered of functional cause. We also have made a review of literature.