Polymorphisms on rs9939609 FTO and rs17782313 MC4R genes in children and adolescent obesity: A systematic review.

The aim of this review was to assess whether the presence of rs9939609 and rs17782313 polymorphisms increase the risk for obesity among children and adolescents. This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist and it was registered in PROSPERO. The search was performed in the PubMed/Medline, The Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases. The risk of bias of the studies was accessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale and JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical. The search of the databases retrieved 859 references. Twelve studies were eligible to be included in this systematic review. Five studies founded a positive association between overweight and obesity in children and adolescents with the presence of the rs17783213 and four studies with rs9939609. Three studies did not find an association between overweight and obesity in children and adolescents with the presence of rs17782313 or rs9939609. One found a protective effect for obesity in individuals with risk A allele referring to rs9939609, one found a synergistic effect in relation to the presence of polymorphisms rs17782313 and rs9939609 for obese phenotype, and one observed that the presence together of the rs9939609, rs17782313, and rs12970134 MC4R were significant for the presence of obesity in children and adolescents. The results suggest that depending on the population evaluated and ethnicity, the polymorphisms rs17782313 and rs9939609 could be associated with overweight and obesity in children and adolescents.

Demand for health services or professionals among adolescents: a multilevel study. / Procura por serviços ou profissionais de saúde entre adolescentes: um estudo multinível.

This study aimed to analyze the demand for health services or professionals by adolescents with individual determinants and contextual variables (school teaching modality and Social Vulnerability Index). Data were collected from March to June 2018, in state public schools in Olinda, Pernambuco, Brazil, through a structured questionnaire with questions from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) and the National School Health Survey (PeNSE). Among the 2,454 adolescents, the proportion of those looking for a health service was higher among women; in adolescents whose mothers had a minimum of nine schooling years; in the physically active; and whose parents did not receive a family aid (Bolsa Família). We observed that the contextual variables did not influence the demand for health services among adolescents. In the third model of the multilevel analysis, which analyzed the individual variables, we observed that only females (OR=1,80), having a mother with schooling greater than or equal to 9 years of study (OR=1,30), not receiving Bolsa Família (OR=1,23), and physically active (OR=1,32) were associated with an increased demand for health services or professionals.

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a procura por serviços ou profissionais de saúde pelos adolescentes com determinantes individuais e com variáveis contextuais, modalidade de ensino da escola e Índice de Vulnerabilidade Social. Os dados foram coletados no período de março a junho de 2018, em escolas públicas estaduais de Olinda, Pernambuco, através de um questionário estruturado com questões do Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) e da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE). Dentre os 2.454 adolescentes, a proporção daqueles que procuram por um serviço de saúde foi maior: no sexo feminino; em adolescentes cujas as mães tivessem escolaridade mínima de nove anos; naqueles fisicamente ativos; e cujos responsáveis não recebiam Bolsa Família. Observou-se que as variáveis contextuais não influenciaram a procura por serviços de saúde entre os adolescentes. No terceiro modelo da análise multinível, que analisou as variáveis individuais, observou-se que apenas o sexo feminino (OR=1,80), ter mãe com escolaridade maior ou igual a nove anos de estudo (OR=1,30), não receber Bolsa Família (OR=1,23) e ser ativo fisicamente (OR=1,32) foram associados a uma maior procura por serviços ou profissionais de saúde.

Procura por serviços ou profissionais de saúde entre adolescentes: um estudo multinível / Demand for health services or professionals among adolescents: a multilevel study

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a procura por serviços ou profissionais de saúde pelos adolescentes com determinantes individuais e com variáveis contextuais, modalidade de ensino da escola e Índice de Vulnerabilidade Social. Os dados foram coletados no período de março a junho de 2018, em escolas públicas estaduais de Olinda, Pernambuco, através de um questionário estruturado com questões do Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) e da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE). Dentre os 2.454 adolescentes, a proporção daqueles que procuram por um serviço de saúde foi maior: no sexo feminino; em adolescentes cujas as mães tivessem escolaridade mínima de nove anos; naqueles fisicamente ativos; e cujos responsáveis não recebiam Bolsa Família. Observou-se que as variáveis contextuais não influenciaram a procura por serviços de saúde entre os adolescentes. No terceiro modelo da análise multinível, que analisou as variáveis individuais, observou-se que apenas o sexo feminino (OR=1,80), ter mãe com escolaridade maior ou igual a nove anos de estudo (OR=1,30), não receber Bolsa Família (OR=1,23) e ser ativo fisicamente (OR=1,32) foram associados a uma maior procura por serviços ou profissionais de saúde.

Abstract This study aimed to analyze the demand for health services or professionals by adolescents with individual determinants and contextual variables (school teaching modality and Social Vulnerability Index). Data were collected from March to June 2018, in state public schools in Olinda, Pernambuco, Brazil, through a structured questionnaire with questions from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) and the National School Health Survey (PeNSE). Among the 2,454 adolescents, the proportion of those looking for a health service was higher among women; in adolescents whose mothers had a minimum of nine schooling years; in the physically active; and whose parents did not receive a family aid (Bolsa Família). We observed that the contextual variables did not influence the demand for health services among adolescents. In the third model of the multilevel analysis, which analyzed the individual variables, we observed that only females (OR=1,80), having a mother with schooling greater than or equal to 9 years of study (OR=1,30), not receiving Bolsa Família (OR=1,23), and physically active (OR=1,32) were associated with an increased demand for health services or professionals.