Superficial ulnar artery diagnosed by vascular ultrasound: case report.

The largest branch of the terminal division of the brachial artery is the ulnar artery, which arises after the cubital fossa. This artery usually has a deep path in the muscles of the anterior forearm and is responsible for vascularization of the superficial and deep musculature on the ulnar side of the forearm and hypothenar area of the hand. We report an anatomical variant diagnosed by Doppler ultrasound in which the ulnar artery had a superficial position in the forearm. Occurrence of a superficial ulnar artery is rare, but it is an important fact for clinicians, surgeons, and nursing professionals.

Artéria ulnar superficial diagnosticada por ultrassom vascular: relato de caso / Superficial ulnar artery diagnosed by vascular ultrasound: case report

Resumo O maior ramo da divisão terminal da artéria braquial é a artéria ulnar, que se origina após a fossa cubital. Essa artéria usualmente tem trajeto profundo aos músculos do antebraço anterior e é responsável pela vascularização da musculatura superficial e profunda da região ulnar do antebraço e hipotênar da mão, sendo a principal responsável pela formação do arco palmar superficial após o retináculo dos flexores. Reportamos uma variação anatômica após diagnóstico com ultrassom vascular na qual a artéria ulnar situava-se em posição superficial no antebraço. A ocorrência da artéria ulnar superficial é rara, porém de grande importância para clínicos, cirurgiões e profissionais de enfermagem.

Abstract The largest branch of the terminal division of the brachial artery is the ulnar artery, which arises after the cubital fossa. This artery usually has a deep path in the muscles of the anterior forearm and is responsible for vascularization of the superficial and deep musculature on the ulnar side of the forearm and hypothenar area of the hand. We report an anatomical variant diagnosed by Doppler ultrasound in which the ulnar artery had a superficial position in the forearm. Occurrence of a superficial ulnar artery is rare, but it is an important fact for clinicians, surgeons, and nursing professionals.

Traumatic arteriovenous fistula in the temporal region: a therapeutic challenge.

Arteriovenous fistulas can be congenital or traumatic, the former being more common and diagnosed in childhood, and the latter being rarer and diagnosed later in life. Both require interventional treatment, which may be endovascular, or surgical repair and each case must be studied individually. This article presents the case of a 46-year-old patient with an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) between the left temporal artery and its corresponding veins resulting from a blunt trauma to the parietal region during childhood. The diagnosis was confirmed by imaging examination and he underwent conventional surgical treatment with improvement of symptoms. The case calls attention to a rare condition, its diagnostic investigation, and therapeutic approaches. The incidence of traumatic arteriovenous fistulas is low. They can occur in a variety of ways and can cause symptoms, requiring treatment, which is sometimes challenging, resulting in improvement in the patient's quality of life.

Fístula arteriovenosa traumática em região temporal: um desafio terapêutico / Traumatic arteriovenous fistula in the temporal region: a therapeutic challenge

Resumo As fistulas arteriovenosas podem ser congênitas ou traumáticas, sendo as primeiras mais comuns e diagnosticadas na infância e as últimas mais raras e com diagnóstico mais tardio. Ambas necessitam de tratamento intervencionista, que pode ser endovascular ou correção cirúrgica, sendo que cada caso deve ser estudado individualmente. Este artigo apresenta o caso de um paciente de 46 anos, com fístula arteriovenosa na artéria temporal superficial esquerda com suas veias correspondentes decorrente de trauma contuso na região temporal na infância. O diagnóstico foi confirmado por exame de imagem, e o paciente foi submetido a tratamento cirúrgico convencional, apresentando melhora dos sintomas. O caso chama atenção para uma afecção rara, sua investigação diagnóstica e condutas terapêuticas. As fistulas arteriovenosas traumáticas apresentam baixa incidência, ocorrem em variadas localizações e podem causar sintomas, requerendo tratamento, às vezes desafiador, com melhora da qualidade de vida do paciente.

Abstract Arteriovenous fistulas can be congenital or traumatic, the former being more common and diagnosed in childhood, and the latter being rarer and diagnosed later in life. Both require interventional treatment, which may be endovascular, or surgical repair and each case must be studied individually. This article presents the case of a 46-year-old patient with an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) between the left temporal artery and its corresponding veins resulting from a blunt trauma to the parietal region during childhood. The diagnosis was confirmed by imaging examination and he underwent conventional surgical treatment with improvement of symptoms. The case calls attention to a rare condition, its diagnostic investigation, and therapeutic approaches. The incidence of traumatic arteriovenous fistulas is low. They can occur in a variety of ways and can cause symptoms, requiring treatment, which is sometimes challenging, resulting in improvement in the patient's quality of life.

Total reversal of internal carotid blood flow in a patient with severe stenosis of the brachiocephalic trunk.

Occlusions and severe stenoses of the innominate artery (brachiocephalic trunk) are rare and present with a wide variety of clinical manifestations, with hemispheric, vertebrobasilar and right upper limb ischemic symptoms. The most common cause is atherosclerosis. Duplex scanning may show right vertebral artery flow reversal, diminished subclavian flow, and several patterns of right carotid flow disturbance, including slow flow, partial flow reversal during the cardiac cycle and even complete reversal of flow in the internal carotid artery, which is a very uncommon finding. Herein, the authors describe the case of a female patient who was a heavy smoker, had severe stenosis of the brachiocephalic trunk, and had episodes of collapse. Besides the subclavian steal and partial flow reversal in the common carotid artery, duplex scanning also showed high-velocity reversed flow in the internal carotid artery during the entire cardiac cycle, a finding that is not reported in the literature at this magnitude.