[The neuropsychological profile of mild cognitive impairment with involvement of multiple cognitive areas. The importance of amnesia in distinguishing two subtypes of patients]. / Perfil neuropsicológico del deterioro cognitivo leve con afectación de múltiples áreas cognitivas. Importancia de la amnesia en la distinción de dos subtipos de pacientes.

INTRODUCTION: The use of diagnostic criteria for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) that do not require the presence of amnesia enables patients to be classified into three types of MCI: pure amnestic MCI (aMCI), MCI with involvement of multiple cognitive functions and amnesia (mf-aMCI) and MCI with involvement of multiple cognitive functions without amnesia, or non-amnestic MCI (mf-nonaMCI). AIM: To determine whether patients with MCI with involvement of multiple functions (mfMCI) have a different profile of cognitive involvement depending on whether amnesia is present or not. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Out of a total sample of 175 patients with MCI, we studied 138 with mfMCI. Of these, 109 (79%) had memory disorders (mf-aMCI) and 29 (21%) did not (mf-nonaMCI). For each group of patients, we determined the percentage who scored below normal in each of the items on the abbreviated Barcelona test. RESULTS: Patients with mf-aMCI failed more frequently in temporal orientation, naming and semantic category evocation tests. Patients with mf-nonaMCI failed more often in motor praxis and abstraction tests. Differences were statistically significant. Additionally, it was noted that patients with mf-nonaMCI tended to make more mistakes in attention tests. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of amnesia allows us to identify an mf-aMCI group with a cognitive profile suggesting temporal involvement, unlike the mf-nonaMCI group, whose members have a cognitive profile that suggests subcortical compromise.

Perfil neuropsicológico del deterioro cognitivo leve con afectación de múltiples áreas cognitivas. Importancia de la amnesia en la distinción de dos subtipos de pacientes / The neuropsychological profile of mild cognitive impairment with involvement of multiple cognitive areas. The importance of amnesia in distinguishing two subtypes of patients

Introducción. El uso de criterios diagnósticos de deterioro cognitivo leve (DCL) que no exigen la presencia de amnesia, permite clasificar a los pacientes en tres tipos de DCL: DCL amnésico puro (DCLa), DCL con afectación de múltiples funciones cognitivas y amnesia (DCLmf-A) y DCL con afectación de múltiples funciones cognitivas sin amnesia o DCL no amnésico (DCLmf-noA). Objetivo. Determinar si los pacientes con DCL con afectación de múltiples funciones (DCLmf) tienen un perfil de afectación cognitiva distinto en función de la presencia o no de amnesia. Pacientes y métodos. De un total de 175 pacientes con DCL, estudiamos a 138 con DCLmf. De ellos, 109 (79%) tenían afectación de la memoria (DCLmf-A) y 29 (21%) no la presentaban (DCLmf-noA). Para cada grupo determinamos el porcentaje de pacientes que tenían una puntuación inferior a la normal en cada uno de los elementos del test Barcelona abreviado. Resultados. Los pacientes con DCLmf-A fallaban con más frecuencia en los tests de orientación temporal, denominación y evocación categorial semántica. Los pacientes con DCLmf-noA fallaban más en las pruebas de praxis motora y abstracción. Las diferencias eran estadísticamente significativas. Además, se apreciaba una tendencia mayor a cometer errores en las pruebas de atención por parte de los pacientes con DCLmf-noA. Conclusiones. La presencia de amnesia permite identificar a un grupo de DCLmf-A con un perfil cognitivo sugestivo de afectación temporal, diferente del grupo de DCLmf-noA con perfil cognitivo, que sugiere afectación subcortical

Introduction. The use of diagnostic criteria for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) that do not require the presence of amnesia enables patients to be classified into three types of MCI: pure amnestic MCI (aMCI), MCI with involvement of multiple cognitive functions and amnesia (mf-aMCI) and MCI with involvement of multiple cognitive functions without amnesia, or non-amnestic MCI (mf-nonaMCI). Aim. To determine whether patients with MCI with involvement of multiple functions (mfMCI) have a different profile of cognitive involvement depending on whether amnesia is present or not. Patients and methods. Out of a total sample of 175 patients with MCI, we studied 138 with mfMCI. Of these, 109 (79%) had memory disorders (mf-aMCI) and 29 (21%) did not (mf-nonaMCI). For each group of patients, we determined the percentage who scored below normal in each of the items on the abbreviated Barcelona test. Results. Patients with mf-aMCI failed more frequently in temporal orientation, naming and semantic category evocation tests. Patients with mf-nonaMCI failed more often in motor praxis and abstraction tests. Differences were statistically significant. Additionally, it was noted that patients with mf-nonaMCI tended to make more mistakes in attention tests. Conclusions. The presence of amnesia allows us to identify an mf-aMCI group with a cognitive profile suggesting temporal involvement, unlike the mf-nonaMCI group, whose members have a cognitive profile that suggests subcortical compromise