Combining Polymer and Cyclodextrin Strategy for Drug Release of Sulfadiazine from Electrospun Fibers.

This study reports the fabrication of polymeric matrices through electrospinning using polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), biocompatible polymers commonly used in medical systems. These polymers were combined with an antibacterial drug, sulfadiazine sodium salt (SDS) or its supramolecular system formed with hydroxypropyl-ß-cyclodextrin (HPß/CD) at 1:1 molar ratio, aiming to assemble a transdermal drug delivery system. The formation of fibers was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the fibers' surface properties were analyzed using contact angle and water vapor permeability techniques. Drug release tests and cell viability assays were performed to evaluate the potential toxicity of the material. SEM images demonstrated that the obtained fibers had nanoscale- and micrometer-scale diameters in PLGA and PMMA systems, respectively. The contact angle analyses indicated that, even in the presence of hydrophilic molecules (SDS and HPßCD), PMMA fibers exhibited hydrophobic characteristics, while PLGA fibers exhibited hydrophilic surface properties. These data were also confirmed by water vapor permeability analysis. The drug release profiles demonstrated a greater release of SDS in the PLGA system. Moreover, the presence of HPßCD improved the drug release in both polymeric systems and the cell viability in the PMMA SDS/HPßCD system. In terms of antibacterial activity, all membranes yielded positive outcomes; nevertheless, the PLGA SDS/HPßCD membrane exhibited the most remarkable results, with the lowest microbial load values. Additionally, the pseudo wound healing analysis demonstrated that the PLGA SDS/HPßCD fiber exhibited results similar to the control group. Consequently, these findings exemplify the substantial potential of the obtained materials for use in wound healing applications.

Influence of brushing with an antiseptic soap solution on the surface and biological properties of a hard chairside reline resin.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the influence of brushing with a specific antiseptic soap solution on the surface (roughness and hardness) and biological properties of a specific hard chairside reline resin. METHODS: The hard chairside reline resin specimens were made and distributed to the following groups according to disinfectant solution: sodium hypochlorite 0.5% (SH), Lifebuoy solution 0.78%; experimental group (LS) and phosphate-buffered saline PBS to be submitted to the brushing cycle for 10 seconds. The roughness and hardness were assessed before and after the cycle. For the biological properties, the colony-forming unit and Alamar Blue assays were performed. For all the properties evaluated the sample size consisted of nine specimens. The data were submitted to two-factor ANOVA (surface properties) and one-way ANOVA (biological properties) and Tukey's post-test with a significance level of 5% (α= 0.05). RESULTS: The Lifebuoy group did not present a statistical difference (P> 0.05) in relation to the other groups for the evaluated surface properties. Furthermore, the Lifebuoy solution showed a statistically significant difference (P> 0.05) in relation to the negative control in the reduction of biofilm on the resin and no significant difference (P> 0.05) was observed when compared to the positive control group. Thus, it was concluded that brushing with the Lifebuoy soap solution did not interfere with the surface properties of the hard chairside reline resin, and was able to reduce the biofilm of C. albicans. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Disinfectant liquid soap can be used for brushing of relined removable dentures as a simple, low-cost, and effective method for removing the biofilm.

Influence of brushing with antiseptic soap solution on the surface and biological properties of an acrylic denture base resin.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the influence of brushing with specific antiseptic soap solution on the surface (roughness, hardness, and color stability) and biological properties of a specific heat-polymerized denture base resin. METHODS: 189 denture base acrylic resin specimens (10 mm x 1.2 mm) were made and distributed into three groups: sodium hypochlorite 0.5% (SH), Lifebuoy solution 0.78% (LS) and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and were submitted to the brushing cycle for 10 seconds. For each property assessed the sample size was composed of nine specimens. Roughness, hardness, and color stability were assessed before and after the cycle. For the biological properties (biofilm formation and reduction capacity) the colony forming unit and Alamar Blue assays were performed. For this, the specimens were placed separately in a 24-well plate with medium containing C. albicans. The plate was incubated for 48 hours for the formation of mature biofilm. The data were submitted to two-factor ANOVA (roughness and hardness) and one-way ANOVA (color stability and biological properties) and Tukey's post-test (α= 0.05). RESULTS: The Lifebuoy group did not present a statistical difference (P> 0.05) in relation to the other groups for the evaluated surface properties (roughness, hardness, and color stability). Also, from the colony-formation unit and Alamar Blue assays, there was no statistical difference (P> 0.05) between the groups. Regarding biofilm reduction capacity formed on the samples, the results obtained from the count of colony forming units (CFU/mL) showed a reduction of approximately 1.3 logs in the number of CFU/mL in the Lifebuoy group (µ = 4.78 log¹º) compared to the negative control group (µ = 6.02 log¹º) (P< 0.05). When evaluating the cellular metabolism of C. albicans cells, the experimental group did not show any statistical difference compared to controls (P> 0.05). Brushing with Lifebuoy soap solution did not alter the surface properties of the acrylic resin, and reduced the C. albicans biofilm. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Brushing removable partial or total dentures can be performed using Lifebuoy liquid disinfectant soap, as a simple, low-cost, and effective method for removing biofilm.

SMARCB1 (INI-1) and NUT immunoexpression in a large series of head and neck carcinomas in a Brazilian reference center.

BACKGROUND: SMARCB1 (INI-1)-deficient carcinomas and NUT carcinomas are aggressive neoplasms, often affecting the sinonasal region. Not uncommonly, their diagnoses are made retrospectively. METHODS: Through SMARCB1 (INI-1) and NUT immunomarkers, 643 head and neck carcinomas were assessed retrospectively. Moreover, SMARCB1 (INI-1)-deficient and NUT carcinomas were additionally evaluated by immunohistochemistry, as well as in situ hybridization analysis for HPV and EBV. RESULTS: Four SMARCB1 (INI-1)-deficient carcinomas (located in lower lip, soft palate, hypopharynx and vocal cord, this latter high-risk HPV positive) and three NUT carcinomas (all located in oropharynx) were detected, previously diagnosed as nonkeratinizing or moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. All cases showed squamous differentiation. NUT carcinomas than SMARCB1 (INI-1)-deficient carcinomas showed low overall survival rate. CONCLUSION: The current cases expand the clinicopathological spectrum of SMARCB1 (INI-1)-deficient carcinomas and NUT carcinomas. Notably, the diagnosis of these cases is easily reached through immunohistochemistry, with impact on their accurate classification, treatment, and prognosis.

Low-fat and fat-free spindle cell lipomas in the oral cavity: Immunohistochemical analysis and review of the literature.

The low-fat and fat-free spindle cell lipomas (SCLs) are rare and often mistaken for other benign and malignant morphological mimics, because of the fact that the diagnosis relies on its non-lipogenic component analysis. Here, we report the clinicopathological features of two oral SCLs (low-fat and fat-free variants). Both lesions presented clinically as an asymptomatic nodule, which initially yielded diagnostic difficulties on the morphological analysis alone. One case was diagnosed as low-fat SCL on the lower lip in a 29-year-old man, and the other as fat-free SCL on the buccal mucosa in a 46-year-old man. In both cases, immunohistochemistry showed strong positivity for CD34 and, remarkably, retinoblastoma (Rb) protein was deficient. Mast cell (MC) tryptase and toluidine blue stain highlighted numerous MCs distributed throughout all tumor stroma. Alpha-SMA and desmin were negative. S100 evidenced scarce adipocytes only in the low-fat SCL case. Conservative surgical treatment was performed and no recurrence was noticed in about 2-year of follow-up in both cases. Because of the potential pitfalls, careful morphological analysis of the tumor stroma in the low-fat/fat-free SCL diagnosis, supported by immunohistochemistry (especially CD34, Rb and MC tryptase), is strongly recommended. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first and second cases reported of fat-free and low-fat SCL in the oral cavity.