Capacidad antioxidante total vinculada a la ingesta de frutas y verduras en adultos jóvenes de Asunción, Paraguay / Total antioxidant capacity associated to the intake of fruits and vegetables in young adults from Asuncion, Paraguay

Introducción: la capacidad antioxidante total (TAC) se considera un indicador confi able del contenido de antioxidantes de la dieta y se asocia a menor riesgo de padecer enfermedades crónicas. Objetivos: estimar la TAC asociada a la ingesta de alimentos vegetales en adultos jóvenes de área urbana de Paraguay. Métodos: se aplicaron tres recordatorios de ingesta de 24 horas en una muestra aleatoria de 190 estudiantes universitarios en Asunción-Paraguay, entre 2012 y 2014, para determinar la ingesta de vegetales, su TAC asociada y el contenido de antioxidantes específi cos empleando las bases de datos del Ministerio de Agricultura de Estados Unidos (USDA). Resultados: la media de ingesta total de vegetales y la TAC asociada fue 262 g/d y 3093 expresada en capacidad de absorción de radicales de oxígeno (ORAC), distribuida en 76,9 g/d de frutas (1.624 ORAC), 57,9 g/d de jugos de frutas (444 ORAC), 47,8 g/d de hortalizas crudas (314 ORAC), 75,1 g/d de hortalizas cocidas (604 ORAC) y 4,5 g/d de legumbres (106 ORAC). La ingesta media de vitamina C fue de 73,2 mg/d y la de flavonoides y carotenoides fue de 26,4 mg/d y 4848 μg/d, respectivamente. Conclusiones: la ingesta total y por grupo de vegetales fue inferior a lo recomendado por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). La TAC asociada a la ingesta de vegetales en la dieta fue inferior a la reportada por otros estudios. La mayor contribución a la ingesta total y a la TAC correspondió a las frutas y la mínima, a las legumbres. Los resultados revelan la necesidad de incrementar la ingesta de vegetales por encima de 400 g/d, incluyendo alimentos ricos en compuestos antioxidantes

Introduction: total antioxidant capacity (TAC) is considered as a reliable indicator of the antioxidant content of the diet and it is associated to a reduced risk of chronic disease. Objectives: to estimate the TAC related to the intake of fruits and vegetables in young adults from urban areas of Paraguay. Methods: a minimum of three 24-hour dietary recalls were recorded from a random sample of 190 university students in Asunción-Paraguay, between 2012 and 2014, to determine the intake of fruits and vegetables, their TAC value and the contents of specifi c antioxidants, applying the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) data bases. Results: the mean value of the total vegetable intake and its TAC value were 262 g/d and 3,093 oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), respectively, distributed as follows: 76.9 g/d from fruits (1,624 ORAC), 57.9 g/d from fruit juices (444 ORAC), 47.8 g/d from raw vegetables (314 ORAC), 75.1 g/d from cooked vegetables (604 ORAC) and 4.5 g/d from legumes (106 ORAC). The mean C-vitamin intake was 73.2 mg/d, and fl avonoids and carotenoids were present with 26.4 mg/d and 4,848 μg/d, respectively. Conclusions: the total fruit and vegetable intake, distributed by groups of foods, was low, considering the World Health Organization (WHO) fruit and vegetable recommendation. The TAC value related to vegetable intake was lower than those reported in other studies. The major contribution to both intake and antioxidants was provided by fruits, and the minor by legumes. Our results reveal the need to increase the vegetable intake above 400 g/d, including antioxidant-rich food sources

Inhibitory effects of lapachol derivatives on epstein-barr virus activation.

Sixteen derivatives (2-17) synthesized from the naphthoquinone lapachol (1), were tested for their inhibitory effects on Epstein-Barr virus early antigen (EBV-EA) activation induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), as a test for potential cancer chemopreventive agents. They exhibited a variety of inhibitory activities from very high to moderate, which allow us to suggest structure-activity relationships. Ten of these derivatives are reported for the first time, their structures being thoroughly determined by spectroscopic methods.

Evaluaciòn laboratorial preliminar de fenilcetoruria (PKU) en un centro de atenciòn a disminuidos mentales de Asunciòn / Annual reports 1995 / Preliminary laboratorial evaluation of phenylketonuria (PKU) of mental handicapped patients attending a specialized institution in Asunciòn

La enfermedad de Graves Basedow es una enfermedad autoinmune organoespecìfica ocasionalmente asociada a LES. Como dicha coincidencia mòrbida la conocìamos a travès de publicaciones aisladas, quisimos comunicar el caso de una niña de 12 años con enfermedad de Graves Basedow tratada quirùrgicamente, que desarrollò a los pocos meses de la tiroidectomìa una nefropatìa lùpica.

Evaluaciòn laboratorial preliminar de fenilcetoruria (PKU) en un centro de atenciòn a disminuidos mentales de Asunciòn / Annual reports 1995 / Preliminary laboratorial evaluation of phenylketonuria (PKU) of mental handicapped patients attending a specialized institution in Asunciòn

La enfermedad de Graves Basedow es una enfermedad autoinmune organoespecìfica ocasionalmente asociada a LES. Como dicha coincidencia mòrbida la conocìamos a travès de publicaciones aisladas, quisimos comunicar el caso de una niña de 12 años con enfermedad de Graves Basedow tratada quirùrgicamente, que desarrollò a los pocos meses de la tiroidectomìa una nefropatìa lùpica

La escuela como puerta de entrada para el control de la enfermedad de Chagas en las comunidades: una experiencia dentro de un proyecto de mejoramiento de la vivienda / Annual reports 1993 / The rural school as an entrance gate to communities for Chagas disease control an experience inside a housing improvement program

Se considera que la enfermedad de Chagas es el resultado de la interacciòn entre el paràsito (T.cruzi), los vectores triatominos y los huèspedes que viven en condiciones socioeconòmicas de pobreza. La interrupciòn del la transmisiòn vectorial se basa en el rociamiento con insecticidas, el mejoramiento de las viviendas, los programas de educaciòn sanitaria y la participaciòn comunitaria. Sin embargo, la evaluaciòn de la efectividad de tales medidas ha sido realizada aisladamente, lo que les resta valor conclusivo. En el presente estudio se evaluò la capacidad de los niños, que concurren a la escuela de una comunidad donde se desarrollò un proyecto de control de la enfermedad de Chagas, para comprender aspectos bàsicos de la enfermedad asì como para reconocer rastros de triatominos. El èxito de los niños en ambas evaluaciones justifica la incorporaciòn de informaciòn sobre la enfermedad y su control en los programas educativos regulares de zonas endèmicas a fin de preparar a los niños para un eficaz monitoreo de intervenciones de control

Residual effect of lambdacyhalothrin on Triatoma infestans

Insecticidal residual effect and triatomine infestation rates in houses of a community fumigated with lambdcyhalothrin (Icon) are reported. No mortality was observed in 5th-instar Triatoma infestans nymphs in 72-hr exposure test on three different surfaces, one month after fumigation for a dose of 31.5 mg am/m2. However, during post-exposure observation a mortality of 60 was recorded for those insect exposed on sprayed woodboard. The results observed with mud-containing treated walls, were markedly poorer (0 of mortality). Twelve month after spraying 40 of mortality was observed on first-instar T. infestans nymphs in 72-hr exposure test on woodboard, but lower mortality rates were observed in mud-containing materials. When the effect of deltamethrin (109 mg ai/m2) and lambdcyhalothrin (94 mg ai/m2) was compared, the former did not appear to be superior at similar loads. Both have showed a mortality rate of 30 on 5th-instar T. infestans nymphs three months post-fumigation. The dose utilized in the field fumigation was enough to get a significant (p < 0.0001) control of triatomine domestic infestation, since it was sufficient to keep 95 of the houses uninfested throughout 21 months following treatment, when compared with baseline situation. A remarkable knock-down effect on adult and nymphs forms of the insect and a high in situ mortality were observed as a result of its application, even at very low doses.

Resultados preliminares del contenido del mercurio en peces de los ríos Paragauy y Paraná / Annual Reports 1991 / Preliminary results on the mercury content in fishes from Paraguay and Parana rivers

One-hundred fish samples of different species, capture between October and Novenber 1989 from Paraguay and Paraná rivers, were evaluated in terms of total mercury content in fresh meat. Specimens were captured at Bahía Negra, Valle-mí, Concepción, Asunción and Pilar on Paraguay river, and at Ayolas an Paraná river. The samples captured at different locations on Paraguay river showed a mercury content of 250.3mg/kg. Consindering the meam values for mercury content in the fishes from Paraguay river from north to south, the lowest value was recoded in Bahía Negra. The mean values of the samples from the other locations on Paraguay river ranged from 209.5 mg/kg on Asunción, to 307.2 mg/kg on Pilar. The mean mercury concentration for the samples from each location are below the safety limit (500 mg/kg), but some specimens showed higher values. It is very interesting to note that the specimens procured from Paraná river (Ayolas) showed the higher mean value for the mecury content. There is certain pattern in the species showing both the lowest and the highest mercury concentration vary in each location. This fact cuold be related more with the food intake charasteristcs of each species more than with the location of the capture. We found that specimens of Piaractus mesopotamicus (pacú) and Doradidae sp. (armado) from different places showed the lowest mercury contents, and specimens of Pseudoplatystoma coruscans (surubí) and Salminus brasiliensis (dorado) showed the highest levels