Parameters of Metabolic Response to Surgical Trauma Induced via Unilateral Total Mastectomy Associated or Not to Ovariohysterectomy in Dogs.

Surgical excision of solid tumors is required for local control of neoplasms. However, surgical trauma can stimulate the release of proangiogenic growth factors, suppressing cell-mediated immunity and favoring the development of micrometastases and progression of residual disease. The present study aimed to evaluate the intensity of the metabolic response to trauma induced via unilateral mastectomy in bitches with mammary neoplasia, the consequences of its joint performance with ovariohysterectomy, and their respective effects on the organic response. Two groups of animals were evaluated in seven perioperative moments, namely, unilateral mastectomy (G1) and unilateral mastectomy associated with ovariohysterectomy (G2). Thirty-two female dogs were selected, ten clinically healthy, and twenty-two diagnosed with mammary neoplasia. Surgical trauma reduced serum concentrations of albumin and interleukin-2 but increased blood levels of glucose and interleukin-6 in the postoperative of G1 and G2 patients. Moreover, serum cortisol levels increased after unilateral mastectomy associated with ovariohysterectomy. Our findings allowed us to conclude that unilateral mastectomy induces significant metabolic alterations in female dogs with mammary neoplasms and its joint performance with ovariohysterectomy increases the organic response to trauma.

Diagnosis, Prognosis and Treatment of Canine Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Mast Cell Tumors.

Mast cell tumors (MCTs) are hematopoietic neoplasms composed of mast cells. It is highly common in dogs and is extremely important in the veterinary oncology field. It represents the third most common tumor subtype, and is the most common malignant skin tumor in dogs, corresponding to 11% of skin cancer cases. The objective of this critical review was to present the report of the 2nd Consensus meeting on the Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment of Canine Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Mast Cell Tumors, which was organized by the Brazilian Association of Veterinary Oncology (ABROVET) in August 2021. The most recent information on cutaneous and subcutaneous mast cell tumors in dogs is presented and discussed.

Ultrasonographic assessment of renal perfusion in bitches with mammary carcinoma treated with long-term carprofen.

The aim of this study was to evaluate renal hemodynamics, routine clinical and laboratory parameters used to estimate renal function, and clinical evolution during six months in bitches with mammary carcinomas that underwent mastectomy and were treated (TG) or not (CG) with carprofen for three months after surgery. Twenty-six bitches with mammary carcinoma were equally distributed into TG that received carprofen 4.4 mg/kg/day for 90 days and CG that did not receive anti-inflammatory medication. Renal artery Doppler flowmetry, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) of renal parenchyma, haematological, biochemical and clinical analyses were obtained once a month. These data were compared between groups and time via analysis of variance (ANOVA) in a completely randomized design with repeated measures (P < 0.05). On B-mode ultrasound, the area of the renal artery was greater (P = 0.0003) in the TG. Regarding laboratory findings, haematocrit and haemoglobin were similar in both groups, showing a significant and gradual increase after three months of treatment; MCV, MHC, and MCHC were increased (P < 0.05) and lymphocyte and band counts decreased (P < 0.05) in the TG. Regarding biochemical tests, ALT was the only parameter with a significant difference, being higher (P = 0.0272) in the treated group. It can be concluded that the use of carprofen for 90 days causes minimal changes in renal perfusion, erythrocyte parameters and ALT activity, and reduces the proportion of blood inflammatory cells. Therefore, use of this medication can be carried out safely in patients who require auxiliary cancer treatment.