RESUMO
This article describes a program of research investigating the relations between abilities required to perform job tasks and human error probabilities while performing these tasks. Study 1, using objectively derived human errors made in performing Air Force job tasks, evaluated an ability-requirements classification methodology and found that error rates were related to the numbers, types, and levels of different abilities required. In Study 2, subject matter expert panels used the methodology to identify the ability requirements of tasks in 2 different jobs found in each of 2 types of nuclear power plants. This study, using a task-anchored scale of human error probability, replicated the findings of Study 1, identified 2 ability requirements that cross-validated in predicting task-error probabilities across both jobs and plants, and identified other abilities specific to error probabilities in each job.
Assuntos
Competência Profissional , Trabalho , Cognição/fisiologia , Bases de Dados como Assunto , Humanos , OcupaçõesAssuntos
Esforço Físico , Atitude , Metabolismo Energético , Humanos , Motivação , Psicofísica , Avaliação da Capacidade de TrabalhoAssuntos
Metabolismo Energético , Esforço Físico , Logro , Adulto , Atitude , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeAssuntos
Aptidão , Percepção Auditiva , Cognição , Humanos , Masculino , Memória , Discriminação da Altura Tonal , Fatores de TempoAssuntos
Destreza Motora , Personalidade , Transferência de Experiência , Percepção Visual , Humanos , Masculino , Prática Psicológica , ProbabilidadeAssuntos
Comportamento , Classificação , Ergonomia , Pesquisa Operacional , Aptidão , Humanos , Sistemas Homem-Máquina , Métodos , Modelos PsicológicosRESUMO
The usual matrix of intercorrelations among trials in a study of the learning process produces a superdiagonal matrix with resulting factors which are uninteresting: viz, a factor for the early trials and a factor for the later trials; with perhaps also a factor for the middle trials. By introducing several independent measures of learning for each trial a more meaningful factor structure can be obtained.
