RESUMO
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA from regions coding for surface and core antigens were amplified and radiolabeled from hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive serum samples by polymerase chain reaction, heat-denatured, and analyzed for conformation-dependent polymorphisms by gel electrophoresis under nondenaturation conditions. Analysis of serum samples representative of diverse and identical HBsAg subtypes showed a wide range of autoradiographic banding patterns, each unique to the specimen. Serial samples of a long-term carrier showed relative stability of banding patterns over time. Epidemiologic analyses using this procedure showed banding patterns of case subjects to be identical to those of persons implicated as the source. This facile and discriminatory approach to the differentiation of viral strains should be useful in the study of HBV transmission.
Assuntos
DNA Viral/química , Vírus da Hepatite B/genética , Hepatite B/transmissão , Polimorfismo Genético , Adulto , Sequência de Bases , Portador Sadio , Infecção Hospitalar , Primers do DNA/química , DNA de Cadeia Simples , Feminino , Antígenos de Superfície da Hepatite B/sangue , Antígenos de Superfície da Hepatite B/genética , Antígenos E da Hepatite B/sangue , Antígenos E da Hepatite B/genética , Humanos , Transmissão de Doença Infecciosa do Paciente para o Profissional , Transmissão de Doença Infecciosa do Profissional para o Paciente , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Conformação de Ácido Nucleico , Reação em Cadeia da PolimeraseRESUMO
A retrospective analysis of levels of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen in 1419 health care workers was carried out to compare the efficacy of intramuscular and intradermal administration of plasma derived and recombinant hepatitis B vaccines. No significant difference was detected between the response to intradermal and intramuscular plasma derived vaccine. However of those who received intramuscular recombinant vaccine 81.6%, 13.8% and 4.7% were good (> or = 100 miu/ml), low (10-99 miu/ml) and non-responders (< 10 miu/ml) respectively, compared with 51.1%, 29.8% and 19.2% of the intradermal group (P < 0.0001). Low dose intradermal administration of recombinant vaccine did not produce satisfactory levels of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite B/sangue , Vacinas contra Hepatite B/imunologia , Vacinas Sintéticas/imunologia , Adulto , Feminino , Vacinas contra Hepatite B/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Injeções Intradérmicas , Injeções Intramusculares , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Vacinação , Vacinas Sintéticas/administração & dosagemAssuntos
Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos , Surtos de Doenças , Hepatite B/transmissão , Corpo Clínico Hospitalar , Pacientes , Doença Aguda , Surtos de Doenças/prevenção & controle , Hepatite B/diagnóstico , Hepatite B/imunologia , Hepatite B/prevenção & controle , Antígenos de Superfície da Hepatite B/análise , Humanos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Reino UnidoRESUMO
The human BK and JC polyomaviruses are known to be reactivated and excreted in the urine following bone marrow transplantation (BMT). A proportion of patients who excrete BK virus following BMT experience a haemorrhagic cystitis (HC), which may persist for many months. We report a case of human polyomavirus-associated HC, in whom treatment with vidarabine was associated with a dramatic response.
Assuntos
Cistite/complicações , Hemorragia/complicações , Polyomavirus , Infecções Tumorais por Vírus/tratamento farmacológico , Vidarabina/uso terapêutico , Doença Aguda , Adulto , Transplante de Medula Óssea/efeitos adversos , Cistite/tratamento farmacológico , Hemorragia/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Masculino , Infecções Tumorais por Vírus/complicações , Infecções Tumorais por Vírus/etiologiaAssuntos
Infecções por Citomegalovirus/tratamento farmacológico , Ganciclovir/uso terapêutico , Transplante de Rim/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Anticorpos Monoclonais/uso terapêutico , Azatioprina/uso terapêutico , Ciclosporinas/uso terapêutico , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/etiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Terapia de Imunossupressão , Masculino , Muromonab-CD3 , Prednisolona/uso terapêutico , Viremia/tratamento farmacológico , Viremia/etiologiaAssuntos
Aciclovir/análogos & derivados , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/tratamento farmacológico , Ganciclovir/análogos & derivados , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/tratamento farmacológico , Doença Aguda , Aciclovir/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Fluxo Expiratório Forçado , Humanos , Transplante de RimRESUMO
A 9-year-old boy born of Chinese parents in England, and adopted by English parents at an early age, presented with primary hepatocellular carcinoma in a non-cirrhotic liver. His serum contained hepatitis B surface antigen and 'e' antibody, a probable result of perinatal infection from an HBsAg carrier mother. The management of infants at risk of perinatal hepatitis B virus transmission should now include active and passive immunisation.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular/etiologia , Hepatite B/complicações , Neoplasias Hepáticas/etiologia , Portador Sadio , Criança , Feminino , Hepatite B/transmissão , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMO
Haemagglutination-inhibition (HAI) antibodies to BK virus, including BK-virus-specific IgM, were determined before and after renal transplantation in 20 patients, in 57 patients with malignant disease, and in 66 healthy controls, Before transplantation 11 of the renal transplant recipients were seronegative, but eight later serocconverted, two before and six after transplantation. Twenty of the patients with malignant disease and 22 controls were also seronegative. The geometric mean titre of BK HAI antibodies was significantly higher among transplanted patients (1/180) than among controls (1/90). BK-virus-specific IgM antibody was detected in seven renal transplant recipients, six patients with malignant disease, and 13 healthy controls. In transplant recipients BK-virus-specific IgM antibody usually persisted throughout the duration of the study, and studies on controls from whom second serum samples were available suggested that they too had persistent BK-virus-specific IgM responses. The geometric mean titre of BK-virus-specific IgM HAI antibody was significantly greater in post-transplantation sera (1/223) than in control sera (1/28). The specificity of the detection of BK-virus-specific IgM HAI antibody was confirmed by direct visualisation of antibody by immune electron microscopy. The persistence of BK-virus-specific IgM suggested that BK virus continued to provide an antigenic stimulus. Nevertheless, there was no obvious association between the serological findings and any clinical features, and prospective studies will be needed to elucidate any such association.