[Treatment of laryngeal stenosis with laser]. / Tratamiento de las estenosis laríngeas con láser.

Laryngo-tracheal stenosis are conditions in which the treatment remain under discussion and sometimes is far from disappointing. Our results are commented and literature perusal of the subject as well.

Manifestaciones ORL de la miastenia gravis / Otolaryngological presentation of myasthenia gravis

La miastenia gravis se trata de una enfermedad de inicio insidioso cuya primera manifestación de forma frecuente es la disfagia. Esta manifestación pasa a menudo desapercibida, por lo que el paciente es diagnosticado posteriormente cuando la enfermedad está más avanzada y la clínica es más evidente. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 25 años de edad, que acudió a nuestro servicio por epistaxis, refiriendo ya en la primera visita una disfagia progresiva con endoscopia digestiva, TEGD, así como laringoscopia indirecta normales. El cuadro fue evolucionando hasta aparecer debilidad de extremidades a partir de la cualfue establecida la sospecha de miastenia gravis y posteriormente confirmada mediante electromiografía y la determinación de los anticuerpos antirreceptor de acetilcolina. Realizamos una revisión de la literatura sobre las manifestaciones clínicas, procedimientos diagnósticos y tratamiento de esta entidad. Remarcando la importancia de la sospecha de miastenia gravis en mujeres jóvenes con disfagia y antecedentes familiares o personales de enfermedades autoinmunes cara a un diagnóstico y tratamiento precoz (AU)

Myasthenia gravis is an illness of insidious onset whose first manifestation often is dysphagia. We report the case of a 25 year-old woman who consulted for nosebleed. On her first visit she referred progressive dysphagia, but the results of endoscopic digestive examination and indirect laryngoscopy were normal. The condition evolved until the appearance of weakness of the extremities suggested myasthenia. Myasthenia gravis was diagnosed by means of electromyography and determinations of antibodies against acetylcholine receptors. We reviewed the literature on the clinical manifestations, diagnostic procedures, and treatment of this condition. This case highlights the importance of suspecting myasthenia gravis in young women with dysphagia and a family or personal history of autoimmune disease in order to reach an early diagnosis and treatment (AU)

[ORL manifestations of myasthenia gravis]. / Manifestaciones ORL de la miastenia gravis.

Myasthenia gravis is an illness of insidious onset whose first manifestation often is dysphagia. We report the case of a 25 year-old woman who consulted for nosebleed. On her first visit she referred progressive dysphagia, but the results of endoscopic digestive examination and indirect laryngoscopy were normal. The condition evolved until the appearance of weakness of the extremities suggested myasthenia. Myasthenia gravis was diagnosed by means of electromyography and determinations of antibodies against acetylcholine receptors. We reviewed the literature on the clinical manifestations, diagnostic procedures, and treatment of this condition. This case highlights the importance of suspecting myasthenia gravis in young women with dysphagia and a family or personal history of autoimmune disease in order to reach an early diagnosis and treatment.

[Paraneoplastic syndrome as a manifestation of cancer of the hypopharynx]. / El síndrome paraneoplásico como manifestación de un cáncer de hipofaringe.

A 45-year-old male patient had a squamous-cell carcinoma of the laryngopharynx (T1pN2bM0). The first clinical manifestation was polyarthritis of large and small joints and a skin rash. The symptoms were identified as paraneoplastic syndrome associated with squamous-cell carcinoma of the laryngopharynx. After treatment (surgery + radiotherapy), the articular symptoms, initially treated with conventional therapy for rheumatoid arthritis, disappeared. Paraneoplastic syndrome can be defined as a set of physiological signs and symptoms of malignant origin that occur remote from the tumor. Squamous-cell carcinoma is the most frequent malignant tumor of the head and neck that produces paraneoplastic syndrome. We reviewed the most common features associated with malignant tumors and the pathogenic mechanisms involved. We conclude that paraneoplastic disorders can be markers of treatment response and predictors of recurrence.

[Otorhinolaryngological manifestations of varicella-zoster virus]. / Manifestaciones otorrinolaringológicas del virus varicela-zoster.

Otological complications of varicella-zoster syndrome (Ramsay Hunt syndrome) include facial paralysis, tinnitus, hearing loss, vertigo, dysgeusia, and skin rash. The lower cranial nerves sometimes are affected by this neuritis. A case is reported of a woman without immune-system impairment who had cranial multineuritis with unilateral involvement of the VII, VIII, IX and X cranial nerves after infection with varicella-zoster virus without herpetic lesions.

[Oncocytoma of submaxillary gland]. / Oncocitoma de glándula submaxilar.

Oncocytoma of the salivary submaxillary gland is a well-known growth, but more frequently sitting on the parotid gland. Benign tumor which histological features are well-defined, but needing a thoroughly anatomo-pathological study in order to attaint a correct diagnosis. The AA. report one case of submaxillary oncocytoma and comment about its clinical, histological and therapeutical peculiarities.

[Multiple extramedullary plasmocytoma of the upper respiratory and digestive tracts. A case report]. / Plasmocitoma extramedular múltiple de vías aerodigestivas superiores. A propósito de un caso.

Solitary or multiple extramedullary plasmacytoma is and odd condition. We report one case of multiple extramedullary plasmacytoma of pharyngolaryngeal site, stressing the importance of the area covered in order to rule out the most frequent systemic disease, that is the multiple myeloma. Comments about pathological anatomy features of the diagnosis and elective treatment as well.

[Cricoid calcification in the study of esophageal foreign bodies]. / La calcificación cricoidea en el estudio de los cuerpos extraños esofágicos.

Lateral radiography of the neck is performed for the study of radio-opaque esophageal foreign bodies that are not visualized by indirect laryngoscopy. This projection may reveal a calcified linear image behind the cricoid cartilage due to calcification of the posterior lamina. In such cases, esophagoscopy and/or computed tomography must be performed to determine whether the image is due to an anatomic variant or a true foreign body.

Oncogenic osteomalacia: case report and review of head and neck associated tumours.

Oncogenic osteomalacia is an uncommon syndrome characterized by mineral metabolism abnormalities that disappear after the resection of an associated tumour. Head and neck is the second most frequent location of these tumours. We describe a case with an ethmoido-frontal phosphaturic mesenchymal tumour and review oncogenic osteomalacia-associated tumours. Among 21 cases found, 57 per cent affected the sinonasal area and 20 per cent the mandible. The diagnosis of the tumour lasted a mean of 4.7 years from the onset of osteomalacia, and most of them showed a significant vascular component. An aggressive surgical approach is recommended.

[An auricular pseudocyst. A report of 4 cases]. / Pseudoquiste auricular. A propósito de cuatro casos.

The words pseudocyst of the pinna was suggested in 1966 by Engel for those intracartilaginous swellings of the auricula, presenting in young healthy males without traumatic precedents or previous manipulation. The AA. report 4 cases diagnosed and treated in their Hospital Department. A woman, 85, was one of them. Review of the subject's literature.

[Dysphagia in Forestier's disease (vertebral ankylosing hyperostosis)]. / La disfagia en la enfermedad de Forestier o hiperostosis anquilosante vertebral.

Forestier's disease is characterized by the formation of vertebral bridges which joint the ventral aspect of the vertebral bodies by ossification of the anterior vertebral longitudinal ligament. A 58-year-old man with idiopathic ankylotic hyperostosis had pronounced osteophytosis of the neck that produced the unusual symptom of dysphagia. The literature is reviewed and the pathogenic criteria, diagnosis, and therapy are discussed.

[Pseudocyst of the auricle]. / Pseudoquiste de pabellón auricular.

Reporting one case of pseudocyst of the auricle in a young male, 18, white and wealthy, diagnosed and treated. Bibliographical review of this condition and explanation of its etiopathogenetic, clinic and therapeutical characteristics, as well. This deformity seems to be more prevalent as the number of published cases may suggest.