Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 854
Filtrar
1.
Pediatr Infect Dis J ; 2024 Jul 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38986525

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: A granular understanding of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) burden in England is needed to prepare for new RSV prevention strategies. We estimated the rates of RSV hospital admissions before the age of 2 years in England and described baseline characteristics. METHODS: A birth cohort of all infants born between March 1, 2015, and February 28, 2017 (n = 449,591) was established using Clinical Practice Research Datalink-Hospital Episode Statistics. Case cohorts included infants with admission for (1) RSV, (2) bronchiolitis, (3) any respiratory tract infection (RTI) <24 months and (4) RSV predicted by an algorithm <12 months. Baseline characteristics were described in the case and comparative cohorts (infants without corresponding admission). Cumulative incidence and admission rates were calculated. Multiple linear regression was used to estimate the proportion of RTI healthcare visits attributable to RSV. RESULTS: The RSV-coded/RSV-predicted case cohorts were composed of 4813/12,694 infants (cumulative incidence: 1.1%/2.8%). Case cohort infants were more likely to have low birth weight, comorbidities and to be born during RSV season than comparative cohort infants, yet >77% were term-healthy infants and >54% were born before the RSV season. During the first year of life, 11.6 RSV-coded and 34.4 RSV-predicted hospitalizations occurred per 1000 person-years. Overall, >25% of unspecified lower RTI admissions were estimated to be due to RSV. CONCLUSIONS: In England, 1 in 91 infants had an RSV-coded admission, likely underestimated by ~3-fold. Most infants were term-healthy infants born before the RSV season. To decrease the total burden of RSV at the population level, immunization programs need to protect all infants.

2.
Nutrients ; 16(13)2024 Jun 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38999844

RESUMO

The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated various determinants of mental disorders. Several behavioral changes were observed given this increase, including harmful health consequences, such as excessive consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs). To assess this relationship, we investigated the meditational role of symptoms of mental disorders (anxiety and depression) in the association between stress resulting from social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic and the consumption of UPFs in 3884 Brazilian public employees in a supplementary study of the ELSA-Brasil study. Structural equation models (SEMs) were estimated to assess the direct and indirect effects mediated by symptoms of mental disorders. The results suggested a significant and positive mediational effect of the symptoms of mental disorders on the association between the stress resulting from social distancing and the consumption of UPFs. These findings contribute to informing the need for policies and early interventions in potentially stressful situations, with a focus on the promotion of mental health, and may thus help prevent or reduce the consumption of unhealthy foods.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Fast Foods , Distanciamento Físico , SARS-CoV-2 , Estresse Psicológico , Humanos , COVID-19/psicologia , COVID-19/epidemiologia , COVID-19/prevenção & controle , Brasil/epidemiologia , Feminino , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto , Depressão/epidemiologia , Ansiedade , Transtornos Mentais/epidemiologia , Transtornos Mentais/etiologia , Saúde Mental/estatística & dados numéricos , Pandemias , Alimento Processado
3.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38928989

RESUMO

This cross-sectional study investigated the association between experiences of discrimination and oral health self-perception among a probabilistic cluster sample of Brazilian adults who participated in the 2013 National Health Survey. Oral health self-perception was categorized into three groups (very good + good; fair; poor + very poor). Reported experiences of discrimination included attributions based on the respondent's race/skin color, social class, income, occupation, illness, sexual orientation, religion, sex, and age. Covariates included sociodemographic data, oral health conditions, access to healthcare services, health habits, mental health, and participation in social and/or religious activities. Data were analyzed using ordinal logistic regression for non-proportional odds, considering sample weights and complex samples. Among 60,202 adults, 5.84% perceived their oral health as poor + very poor, with a significantly higher proportion among those experiencing discrimination (9.98%). Adults who experienced discrimination were 1.39 times more likely to report a "poor/very poor/fair" oral health self-perception compared to those who did not experience discrimination. Those who suffered discrimination were 1.28 times more likely to have a "very poor/poor" oral health self-perception than their counterparts who were not affected by discrimination. These findings underscore the importance of considering discrimination experiences as part of the social determinants influencing oral health.


Assuntos
Saúde Bucal , Autoimagem , Humanos , Brasil , Estudos Transversais , Adulto , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Adolescente , Idoso , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Discriminação Social/psicologia
4.
Viruses ; 16(6)2024 Jun 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38932191

RESUMO

The diversity of Geminiviridae and Alphasatellitidae species in tomatoes was assessed via high-throughput sequencing of 154 symptomatic foliar samples collected from 2002 to 2017 across seven Brazilian biomes. The first pool (BP1) comprised 73 samples from the North (13), Northeast (36), and South (24) regions. Sixteen begomoviruses and one Topilevirus were detected in BP1. Four begomovirus-like contigs were identified as putative novel species (NS). NS#1 was reported in the semi-arid (Northeast) region and NS#2 and NS#4 in mild subtropical climates (South region), whereas NS#3 was detected in the warm and humid (North) region. The second pool (BP2) comprised 81 samples from Southeast (39) and Central-West (42) regions. Fourteen viruses and subviral agents were detected in BP2, including two topileviruses, a putative novel begomovirus (NS#5), and two alphasatellites occurring in continental highland areas. The five putative novel begomoviruses displayed strict endemic distributions. Conversely, tomato mottle leaf curl virus (a monopartite species) displayed the most widespread distribution occurring across the seven sampled biomes. The overall diversity and frequency of mixed infections were higher in susceptible (16 viruses + alphasatellites) in comparison to tolerant (carrying the Ty-1 or Ty-3 introgressions) samples, which displayed 9 viruses. This complex panorama reinforces the notion that the tomato-associated Geminiviridae diversity is yet underestimated in Neotropical regions.


Assuntos
Geminiviridae , Metagenômica , Filogenia , Doenças das Plantas , Solanum lycopersicum , Solanum lycopersicum/virologia , Brasil , Doenças das Plantas/virologia , Geminiviridae/genética , Geminiviridae/classificação , Geminiviridae/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Variação Genética , Genoma Viral , Begomovirus/genética , Begomovirus/classificação , Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga Escala
5.
Int J Equity Health ; 23(1): 120, 2024 Jun 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38867238

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The occurrence of multimorbidity and its impacts have differentially affected population subgroups. Evidence on its incidence has mainly come from high-income regions, with limited exploration of racial disparities. This study investigated the association between racial groups and the development of multimorbidity and chronic conditions in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). METHODS: Data from self-reported white, brown (pardos or mixed-race), and black participants at baseline of ELSA-Brasil (2008-2010) who were at risk for multimorbidity were analysed. The development of chronic conditions was assessed through in-person visits and self-reported diagnosis via telephone until the third follow-up visit (2017-2019). Multimorbidity was defined when, at the follow-up visit, the participant had two or more morbidities. Cumulative incidences, incidence rates, and adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were estimated using Poisson models. RESULTS: Over an 8.3-year follow-up, compared to white participants: browns had a 27% greater incidence of hypertension and obesity; and blacks had a 62% and 45% greater incidence, respectively. Blacks also had 58% more diabetes. The cancer incidence was greater among whites. Multimorbidity affected 41% of the participants, with a crude incidence rate of 57.5 cases per 1000 person-years (ranging from 56.3 for whites to 63.9 for blacks). Adjusted estimates showed a 20% higher incidence of multimorbidity in black participants compared to white participants (IRR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.05-1.38). CONCLUSIONS: Significant racial disparities in the risk of chronic conditions and multimorbidity were observed. Many associations revealed a gradient increase in illness risk according to darker skin tones. Addressing fundamental causes such as racism and racial discrimination, alongside considering social determinants of health, is vital for comprehensive multimorbidity care. Intersectoral, equitable policies are essential for ensuring health rights for historically marginalized groups.


Assuntos
Multimorbidade , Humanos , Brasil/epidemiologia , Feminino , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Doença Crônica , Adulto , Disparidades nos Níveis de Saúde , Estudos Longitudinais , Idoso , Incidência , População Branca/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores Socioeconômicos
6.
PLoS One ; 19(5): e0301851, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38696453

RESUMO

This study tested the usability of a home-based self-administration transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) device designed specifically for women's health needs. This is a single center triple blinded clinical usability study for a new wireless, Bluetooth-controlled wearable tDCS device for women's health. The study aims to evaluate the usability and effective blinding of a home-based tDCS system. A total of forty-nine women of reproductive age were randomly allocated (1:1) to receive one session of active tDCS (n = 24) or sham tDCS (n = 25) over the motor and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Each participant self-administered one 20-minute session without supervision following guidance on a software application alone. The System Usability Scale (SUS) and the Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC) were used to evaluate the usability of the system. Regardless of sham or active conditions, all users found the system easy to use without the support of researchers. Usability scores were considered to be "excellent" in both groups and no significant difference was found between sham and active groups showing effective blinding of the device (Active group: 93.7 (83.1-97.5); Sham group 90 (86.2-95) p = 0.79) and PGIC (Active group: 2 (1-2.75); Sham group 2 (1-2) p = 0.99) using an unpaired t-test or non-parametric statistical tests accordingly. The new Bluetooth-controlled wearable tDCS device is easy, safe to use and completely controlled by a smartphone app. This device is focused on women's health and will be tested as an alternative treatment for chronic pelvic pain and mood disturbance associated with menstrual cycles in further research.


Assuntos
Dismenorreia , Estimulação Transcraniana por Corrente Contínua , Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Estimulação Transcraniana por Corrente Contínua/métodos , Estimulação Transcraniana por Corrente Contínua/instrumentação , Dismenorreia/terapia , Adulto Jovem , Autoadministração/instrumentação , Dispositivos Eletrônicos Vestíveis , Córtex Pré-Frontal/fisiologia
7.
Hum Cell ; 37(4): 1205-1214, 2024 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38762696

RESUMO

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is frequently caused by mutations in the MYPBC3 gene, which encodes the cardiac myosin-binding protein C (cMyBP-C). Most pathogenic variants in MYPBC3 are either nonsense mutations or result in frameshifts, suggesting that the primary disease mechanism involves reduced functional cMyBP-C protein levels within sarcomeres. However, a subset of MYPBC3 variants are missense mutations, and the molecular mechanisms underlying their pathogenicity remain elusive. Upon in vitro differentiation into cardiomyocytes, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from HCM patients represent a valuable resource for disease modeling. In this study, we generated two iPSC lines from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of a female with early onset and severe HCM linked to the MYBPC3: c.772G > A variant. Although this variant was initially classified as a missense mutation, recent studies indicate that it interferes with splicing and results in a frameshift. The generated iPSC lines exhibit a normal karyotype and display hallmark characteristics of pluripotency, including the ability to undergo trilineage differentiation. These novel iPSCs expand the existing repertoire of MYPBC3-mutated cell lines, broadening the spectrum of resources for exploring how diverse mutations induce HCM. They additionally offer a platform to study potential secondary genetic elements contributing to the pronounced disease severity observed in this individual.


Assuntos
Cardiomiopatia Hipertrófica , Proteínas de Transporte , Diferenciação Celular , Células-Tronco Pluripotentes Induzidas , Humanos , Células-Tronco Pluripotentes Induzidas/metabolismo , Cardiomiopatia Hipertrófica/genética , Cardiomiopatia Hipertrófica/etiologia , Feminino , Proteínas de Transporte/genética , Proteínas de Transporte/metabolismo , Diferenciação Celular/genética , Miócitos Cardíacos/metabolismo , Miócitos Cardíacos/patologia , Mutação de Sentido Incorreto/genética , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Mutação/genética , Linhagem Celular , Mutação da Fase de Leitura/genética , Leucócitos Mononucleares/metabolismo , Células Cultivadas
8.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) ; 15: 1361715, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38654925

RESUMO

Introduction: Hair cortisol level has recently been identified as a promising marker for detecting long-term cortisol levels and a marker of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal cortex (HPA) axis activity. However, research on the association between obesity and an altered cortisol metabolism remains controversial. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between hair cortisol levels and overweight and obesity in participants from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 2,499 participants from the second follow-up (visit 3, 2017-2019) attending research centers in Rio de Janeiro and Rio Grande do Sul states. Hair samples were collected, and cortisol levels were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Cortisol levels were classified as low (< 40 pg/mg), medium (40-128 pg/mg), or high (> 128 pg/mg). The participants were classified as eutrophic, overweight, or obese according to their weight (kg) and height (m2). Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated. Results: Of the 2499 individuals, 30% had eutrophic weight, 40% were overweight, and 30% were obese. Notably, cortisol levels gradually increased with increasing body weight. Among participants with high hair cortisol levels, 41.2% were classified as overweight and 34.2% as obese. Multinomial logistic regression analysis indicated that participants with high cortisol levels were 43% (OR =1.43; 95%CI: 1.02-2.03) more likely to be overweight and 72% (OR =1.72; 95%CI:1.20-2.47) more likely to be obese than participants with low hair cortisol levels. After adjustment for all covariates, high cortisol levels remained associated with obesity (OR = 1.54; 95%CI:1.02-2.31) and overweight (OR =1.33; 95%CI:0.91-1.94). Conclusion: In the ELSA-Brazil cohort, hair stress were positively associated with overweight and obesity. These results underscore the importance of considering stress and cortisol as potential factors in obesity prevention and intervention efforts, and highlight a novel aspect of the complex relationship between stress and obesity in the Brazilian population.


Assuntos
Cabelo , Hidrocortisona , Obesidade , Sobrepeso , Humanos , Hidrocortisona/metabolismo , Hidrocortisona/análise , Cabelo/química , Cabelo/metabolismo , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade/metabolismo , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Sobrepeso/metabolismo , Sobrepeso/epidemiologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Adulto , Estudos Longitudinais , Biomarcadores/análise , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Idoso , Estudos de Coortes
9.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38623933

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the disparity of the expectations and basic knowledge of prenatal ultrasound (US) screening among pregnant women and make a comparison with the current scientific knowledge and national recommendations. We hypothesize that sociodemographic factors, including age, education, and professional occupation, may be associated with different levels of knowledge. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study performed in 2021 of 336 women aged 18 to 46 years in a maternity facility in a tertiary hospital in Portugal. The main outcome measures were questionnaire data from questions divided into four categories (sociodemographic, expectations, knowledge, and final considerations/suggestions). The data were grouped according to the sociodemographic factors (age, educational level, and professional occupation) and analyzed and compared as a function of the social groups as well as overall tendencies. RESULTS: Our data confirmed a significant discrepancy between the expectations and general knowledge of pregnant women regarding prenatal US when compared with the current scientific knowledge. Importantly, we found that both depended greatly on sociodemographic factors, particularly educational level. This reiterated the importance of conducting effective dissemination actions of current scientific knowledge, focusing on the main objectives of US screening as well as the limitations of the existing technology. CONCLUSION: This study will help in defining strategies for future dissemination actions aiming to improve current practice and lead to a higher synchrony of expectations towards US between couples and practitioners.

10.
Am J Nurs ; 124(4): 48-54, 2024 Apr 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38511712

RESUMO

LOCAL PROBLEM: Sternal wound infections (SWIs), whether superficial or deep, are associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and costs. From 2016 to 2017, our facility saw a 50% decrease in SWIs among patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery with sternotomy. From 2017 to 2018, however, we identified a 33% increase in SWIs, prompting us to address our cardiac nurses' sternal wound care education and practice. PURPOSE: The purpose of our quality improvement (QI) project was to identify opportunities for improvement in postoperative sternal incision care and to implement evidence-based processes to reduce the incidence of SWIs among cardiothoracic surgery patients. METHODS: A literature review was performed to identify interventions focused on evidence-based SWI reduction. During the first quarter of 2019, our postoperative incision care guidelines were revised and released to staff, a new surgical wound cleansing product was supplied, and RN education was provided. Cardiac nurses were surveyed in April 2019 to identify any remaining knowledge and practice deficits and to assess their adherence to the new guidelines. The survey responses helped us to further improve our nurse education. We also provided periodic nurse reeducation and enhanced patient and family education. All such interventions were implemented by the end of June 2019. RESULTS: Between January and June 2019, we had one SWI. From July 2019 through December 2020, an 18-month period, we experienced zero SWIs. Although beginning in 2021, we saw an increase in SWIs-four in 2021 and five in 2022-our incidence rates remain below 0.5% and we continue to work toward an SWI goal of zero. CONCLUSION: This QI project identified opportunities for improvement, implemented evidence-based strategies for wound care and education, and successfully achieved a zero SWI rate for a period of 18 months.


Assuntos
Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos , Esternotomia , Humanos , Esternotomia/efeitos adversos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos/efeitos adversos , Esterno/cirurgia , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/epidemiologia , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/prevenção & controle , Incidência , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento
11.
J Food Sci ; 89(4): 2124-2136, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38462841

RESUMO

In this study, we pursued the heterologous expression of the xylanase gene from Trichoderma atroviride, a native fungus in the province of Misiones, and used it to enhance the textural properties of baked goods through varying enzymatic concentrations. This marks the inaugural exploration into its functionality in the context of bread production. The recombinant xylanase exhibited improved activity, reaching 36,292 U L-1, achieved by supplementing the culture medium with dextrose. Following the optimization of recombinant xylanase concentration, promising results emerged, notably reducing hardness and chewiness parameters of bread significantly. Our findings underscore the potential of this native fungal enzyme for industrial processes, offering a sustainable and efficient means to enhance the quality of baked goods with broad implications for the food industry. No prior research has been documented on the heterologous expression of the xylanase gene derived from T. atroviride, from the Misiones rainforest, expressed in Kluyveromyces lactis. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This research, focusing on the isolation and cloning of xylanase enzyme from Trichoderma atroviride, a native fungus in the province of Misiones, offers a valuable tool for improving the texture of bakery products. By optimizing enzyme concentrations, our findings present a practical approach for the food industry, offering a viable solution to improve the overall quality and consumer satisfaction of bakery products.


Assuntos
Indústria Alimentícia , Hypocreales , Floresta Úmida , Argentina
12.
Stem Cell Res ; 76: 103362, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38417376

RESUMO

Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) stands as a predominant heart condition, characterised by left ventricle hypertrophy in the absence of any associated loading conditions, with affected individuals having an increased risk of developing heart failure and sudden cardiac death (SCD). Two induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines were derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from two unrelated individuals with previously reported nonsense mutations in the MYBPC3 gene. The first individual is a 48-year-old male (F26) with the MYBPC3 c.1731G > A HCM mutation, whereas the second individual is a 43-year-old female (F82) carrying the MYBPC3 c.2670G > A HCM mutation. The generated iPSCs exhibit appropriate expression of pluripotency markers, trilineage differentiation capacity and a normal karyotype. This resource contributes to gaining deeper insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms that underlie HCM.


Assuntos
Cardiomiopatia Hipertrófica Familiar , Células-Tronco Pluripotentes Induzidas , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cardiomiopatia Hipertrófica Familiar/genética , Cardiomiopatia Hipertrófica Familiar/metabolismo , Códon sem Sentido , Células-Tronco Pluripotentes Induzidas/metabolismo , Leucócitos Mononucleares , Mutação , Proteínas do Citoesqueleto/genética
13.
Am J Nurs ; 124(3): 42-49, 2024 Mar 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38386834

RESUMO

LOCAL PROBLEM: In 2019 and the first half of 2020, our facility experienced an increase in the number and severity of hospital-acquired pressure injuries (HAPIs) among our cardiothoracic surgery population. Fifty percent of these HAPIs occurred within 72 hours of surgery. A review of the literature revealed that alternating pressure overlays (APOs) have been successfully used to prevent HAPIs in surgical patients. PURPOSE: The primary purpose of our quality improvement (QI) project was to measure perioperative HAPI rates in cardiothoracic surgery patients after the addition of APOs to our HAPI prevention protocol. Our secondary purpose was to identify common factors among those patients who developed HAPIs. METHODS: This QI project collected both pre- and postintervention data and compared the findings. A nurse-led team was responsible for measuring HAPI rates during the intervention-from July through October 2020-which involved placing an APO under cardiothoracic surgery patients during the 72-hour perioperative period. APOs were placed on all operating room (OR) tables and remained with the patients following surgery. Bed linens and skin care products were standardized for consistency. Lifts were used to reduce friction during repositioning. RESULTS: During preintervention data collection, we identified 10 patients who developed HAPIs (seven out of 1,174 cardiothoracic surgery patients in 2019, for a HAPI rate of 0.6%, and three out of 333 patients in the first half of 2020, for a HAPI rate of 0.9%). During the four-month intervention period, in which APOs were used in 331 patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery, no HAPIs developed. CONCLUSION: Use of an APO in cardiothoracic ORs and critical care units may help reduce HAPI rates.


Assuntos
Roupas de Cama, Mesa e Banho , Úlcera por Pressão , Humanos , Coleta de Dados , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Pacientes , Úlcera por Pressão/prevenção & controle
14.
J Appl Microbiol ; 135(3)2024 Mar 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38373804

RESUMO

AIM: An extensive survey was done to clarify the prevalent Stemphylium species on Solanaceae plants across Brazil, and their host ranges. METHODS AND RESULTS: Eighty nine (89) Stemphylium isolates were obtained from naturally infected tomatoes as well as S. paniculatum, potato, eggplant, scarlet eggplant (Solanum aethiopicum var. gilo), Physalis angulata, and Capsicum species. Phylogenetic analyses encompassing the ITS-5.8S rDNA and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase genomic regions placed the isolates into two distinct groupings with either Stemphylium lycopersici or S. solani. Isolates of S. lycopersici (n = 81) were obtained infecting tomato, potato, eggplant, S. paniculatum, and P. angulata. Isolates of S. solani (n = 8) were detected in natural association with scarlet eggplant and tomato. Two isolates of S. lycopersici displayed a wide experimental host range in greenhouse bioassays, infecting accessions of 12 out of 18 species. Ocimum basilicum (Lamiaceae) was the only experimental host outside the Solanaceae family.


Assuntos
Capsicum , Fungos Mitospóricos , Solanum lycopersicum , Solanum tuberosum , Brasil , Filogenia , Verduras
15.
Curr Microbiol ; 81(4): 106, 2024 Feb 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38418777

RESUMO

Apis mellifera bees are an important resource for the local economy of various regions in Argentina and the maintenance of natural ecosystems. In recent years, different alternatives have been investigated to avoid the reduction or loss of colonies caused by pathogens and parasites such as Ascosphaera apis, Aspergillus flavus, and Paenibacillus larvae. We focused on bacterial strains isolated from the intestine of native stingless bees, to elucidate their antagonistic effect on diseases of A. mellifera colonies. For this purpose, worker bees of the species Tetragonisca fiebrigi, Plebeia spp., and Scaptotrigona jujuyensis were captured from the entrance to tree hives and transported to the laboratory, where their intestines were extracted. Twenty bacterial colonies were isolated from the intestines, and those capable of inhibiting enterobacteria in vitro and producing organic acids, proteases, and chitinases were selected. Four genera, Levilactobacillus, Acetobacter, Lactiplantibacillus, and Pantoea, were selected and identified by the molecular marker that codes for the 16S rRNA gene. For inhibition assays, cell suspensions and cell-free suspensions were performed. All treatments showed significant antibacterial effects, in comparison with the controls, against P. larvae and antifungal effects against A. apis and A. flavus. However, the mechanisms by which these bacteria inhibit the growth of these pathogens were not studied.


Assuntos
Ecossistema , Pantoea , Abelhas , Animais , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Larva/microbiologia , Enterobacteriaceae
16.
Cad Saude Publica ; 40(2): e00107823, 2024.
Artigo em Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38381869

RESUMO

Body image distortion is an alteration in the perception of the body that can have repercussions on health. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of body image accuracy and distortion among women participating in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) living in Bahia State, Brazil, and to investigate associations with socioeconomic characteristics, lifestyle, and gynecological care seeking. A total of 609 women aged 50 to 69 years participated in the study, who answered face-to-face questionnaires from 2012 to 2014. The Stunkard silhouette scale was used to investigate accurate or distorted perception for more or less weight. The relative risk ratio (RR) was calculated by multinomial logistic regression using Stata 13. Most participants have an accurate perception of their own bodies (53.7%). Among those with distorted perception, there is a tendency to distort towards less weight (38.1%). In the multinomial regression analysis, the variables race/skin color and education remained associated with the distortion towards underweight. The race/skin color variable was positively associated with the distortion towards underweight among Mixed-race women (RR = 1.89; 95%CI: 1.13-3.16) and black (RR = 2.10; 95%CI: 1.25-3.55), while the education variable among those with up to high school education (RR = 1.65; 95%CI: 1.18-2.33). There were no associations with the other variables or with distortion for more weight. The results contribute to explaining the relationships between body image perception and socioeconomic factors, revealing that women of different races/skin colors and varying educational levels are influenced in different ways by social discourses, impacting the perception of their body image.


Distorção da imagem corporal é uma alteração da percepção do corpo que pode repercutir na saúde. Este estudo visa estimar, entre mulheres participantes do Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto (ELSA-Brasil) residentes na Bahia, Brasil, a prevalência de acurácia e distorção da imagem corporal e investigar associações com características socioeconômicas, estilo de vida e procura de cuidados ginecológicos. Participaram 609 mulheres de 50-69 anos de idade que responderam, entre 2012-2014, questionários aplicados face a face. Foi utilizada a escala de silhuetas de Stunkard para investigar a percepção acurada ou distorcida para mais ou menos peso. A razão de risco relativo (RR) foi calculada por meio de regressão logística multinomial por meio do Stata 13. A maioria das participantes tem perspectiva acurada do próprio corpo (53,7%). Entre aquelas com percepção distorcida, há uma tendência à distorção para menos peso (38,1%). Na análise de regressão multinomial, permaneceram associadas à distorção para menos peso as variáveis raça/cor e escolaridade, sendo que a primeira foi positivamente associada à distorção para menos peso entre as pardas (RR = 1,89; IC95%: 1,13-3,16) e pretas (RR = 2,10; IC95%: 1,25-3,55), enquanto a segunda entre aquelas com escolaridade até o Ensino Médio (RR = 1,65; IC95%: 1,18-2,33). Não houve associações quanto às demais variáveis, nem com distorção para mais peso. Os resultados contribuem para a explicação das relações entre percepção da imagem corporal e fatores socioeconômicos, revelando que mulheres de raça/cor diferentes e variados níveis de escolaridade são influenciadas de formas distintas pelos discursos sociais, o que impacta a percepção da sua imagem corporal.


La distorsión de la imagen corporal es una alteración en la percepción del cuerpo que puede repercutir en la salud. Este estudio busca estimar, entre las mujeres participantes del Estudio Longitudinal de Salud del Adulto (ELSA-Brasil) que viven en Bahía, Brasil, la prevalencia de precisión y distorsión de la imagen corporal e investigar asociaciones con las características socioeconómicas, el estilo de vida y la busca de atención ginecológica. Participaron 609 mujeres que tenían entre 50 y 69 años que contestaron los cuestionarios aplicados cara a cara entre 2012 y 2014. Se utilizó la escala de siluetas de Stunkard para investigar la percepción precisa o distorsionada para más o menos peso. El cociente de riesgo relativo (RR) se calculó a través de regresión logística multinomial utilizando el Stata 13. La mayoría de los participantes tiene una perspectiva precisa del propio cuerpo (53,7%). Entre las personas con percepción distorsionada hay una tendencia a la distorsión para menos peso (38,1%). En el análisis de regresión multinomial, las variables raza/color y escolaridad permanecieron asociadas con la distorsión para menos peso, siendo la primera positivamente asociada con la distorsión para menos peso entre las mujeres pardas (RR = 1,89; IC95%: 1,13-3,16) y negras (RR = 2,10; IC95%: 1,25-3,55), mientras la segunda entre las mujeres que estudiaron hasta la enseñanza secundaria (RR = 1,65; IC95%: 1,18-2,33). No hubo asociaciones con las otras variables ni con la distorsión para más peso. Los resultados contribuyen para explicar las relaciones entre la percepción de la imagen corporal y los factores socioeconómicos, demostrando que mujeres de diferentes razas/colores y diferentes niveles de educación se influyen de distintas formas a través de discursos sociales, lo que impacta en la percepción de su imagen corporal.


Assuntos
Imagem Corporal , Magreza , Adulto , Humanos , Feminino , Estudos Longitudinais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Estilo de Vida
17.
Alzheimers Dement ; 20(3): 2173-2190, 2024 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38278523

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Synaptic loss is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) that correlates with cognitive decline in AD patients. Complement-mediated synaptic pruning has been associated with this excessive loss of synapses in AD. Here, we investigated the effect of C5aR1 inhibition on microglial and astroglial synaptic pruning in two mouse models of AD. METHODS: A combination of super-resolution and confocal and tridimensional image reconstruction was used to assess the effect of genetic ablation or pharmacological inhibition of C5aR1 on the Arctic48 and Tg2576 models of AD. RESULTS: Genetic ablation or pharmacological inhibition of C5aR1 partially rescues excessive pre-synaptic pruning and synaptic loss in an age and region-dependent fashion in two mouse models of AD, which correlates with improved long-term potentiation (LTP). DISCUSSION: Reduction of excessive synaptic pruning is an additional beneficial outcome of the suppression of C5a-C5aR1 signaling, further supporting its potential as an effective targeted therapy to treat AD. HIGHLIGHTS: C5aR1 ablation restores long-term potentiation in the Arctic model of AD. C5aR1 ablation rescues region specific excessive pre-synaptic loss. C5aR1 antagonist, PMX205, rescues VGlut1 loss in the Tg2576 model of AD. C1q tagging is not sufficient to induce VGlut1 microglial ingestion. Astrocytes contribute to excessive pre-synaptic loss at late stages of the disease.


Assuntos
Doença de Alzheimer , Camundongos , Animais , Humanos , Doença de Alzheimer/genética , Sinapses , Potenciação de Longa Duração , Modelos Animais de Doenças
18.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities ; 11(2): 1024-1032, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37052798

RESUMO

The mechanisms underlying racial inequities in uncontrolled hypertension have been limited to individual factors. We investigated racial inequities in uncontrolled hypertension and the explanatory role of economic segregation in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). All 3897 baseline participants with hypertension (2008-2010) were included. Uncontrolled hypertension (SBP ≥ 140 mmHg or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg), self-reported race (White/Brown/Black people), and neighborhood economic segregation (low/medium/high) were analyzed cross-sectionally. We used decomposition analysis, which describes how much a disparity would change (disparity reduction; explained portion) and remain (disparity residual; unexplained portion) upon removing racial differences in economic segregation (i.e., if Black people had the distribution of segregation of White people, how much we would expect uncontrolled hypertension to decrease among Black people). Age- and gender-adjusted prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension (39.0%, 52.6%, and 54.2% for White, Brown, and Black participants, respectively) remained higher for Black and Brown vs White participants, regardless of economic segregation. Uncontrolled hypertension showed a dose-response pattern with increasing segregation levels for White but not for Black and Brown participants. After adjusting for age, gender, education, and study center, unexplained portion (disparity residual) of race on uncontrolled hypertension was 18.2% (95% CI 13.4%; 22.9%) for Black vs White participants and 12.6% (8.2%; 17.1%) for Brown vs White participants. However, explained portion (disparity reduction) through economic segregation was - 2.1% (- 5.1%; 1.3%) for Black vs White and 0.5% (- 1.7%; 2.8%) for Brown vs White participants. Although uncontrolled hypertension was greater for Black and Brown vs White people, racial inequities in uncontrolled hypertension were not explained by economic segregation.


Assuntos
Hipertensão , Segregação Residencial , Adulto , Humanos , Brasil/epidemiologia , Estudos Longitudinais , População Branca , População Negra , Grupos Raciais
19.
Stem Cell Res ; 74: 103282, 2024 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38104429

RESUMO

Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited heart condition. HCM patients show left ventricle hypertrophy without any associated loading conditions, being at risk for heart failure and sudden cardiac death. Two induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines were generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from two unrelated individuals, a 54-year-old male (F81) and a 44-year-old female (F93), both carrying the MYBPC3 c.1484G>A HCM mutation. iPSCs show expression of pluripotency markers, trilineage differentiation capacity and a normal karyotype. This resource enables further assessment of the pathophysiological development of HCM.


Assuntos
Cardiomiopatia Hipertrófica Familiar , Células-Tronco Pluripotentes Induzidas , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cardiomiopatia Hipertrófica Familiar/genética , Cardiomiopatia Hipertrófica Familiar/metabolismo , Diferenciação Celular , Células-Tronco Pluripotentes Induzidas/metabolismo , Leucócitos Mononucleares/metabolismo , Mutação
20.
Cad. Saúde Pública (Online) ; 40(2): e00107823, 2024. tab, graf
Artigo em Português | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1534126

RESUMO

Distorção da imagem corporal é uma alteração da percepção do corpo que pode repercutir na saúde. Este estudo visa estimar, entre mulheres participantes do Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto (ELSA-Brasil) residentes na Bahia, Brasil, a prevalência de acurácia e distorção da imagem corporal e investigar associações com características socioeconômicas, estilo de vida e procura de cuidados ginecológicos. Participaram 609 mulheres de 50-69 anos de idade que responderam, entre 2012-2014, questionários aplicados face a face. Foi utilizada a escala de silhuetas de Stunkard para investigar a percepção acurada ou distorcida para mais ou menos peso. A razão de risco relativo (RR) foi calculada por meio de regressão logística multinomial por meio do Stata 13. A maioria das participantes tem perspectiva acurada do próprio corpo (53,7%). Entre aquelas com percepção distorcida, há uma tendência à distorção para menos peso (38,1%). Na análise de regressão multinomial, permaneceram associadas à distorção para menos peso as variáveis raça/cor e escolaridade, sendo que a primeira foi positivamente associada à distorção para menos peso entre as pardas (RR = 1,89; IC95%: 1,13-3,16) e pretas (RR = 2,10; IC95%: 1,25-3,55), enquanto a segunda entre aquelas com escolaridade até o Ensino Médio (RR = 1,65; IC95%: 1,18-2,33). Não houve associações quanto às demais variáveis, nem com distorção para mais peso. Os resultados contribuem para a explicação das relações entre percepção da imagem corporal e fatores socioeconômicos, revelando que mulheres de raça/cor diferentes e variados níveis de escolaridade são influenciadas de formas distintas pelos discursos sociais, o que impacta a percepção da sua imagem corporal.


Body image distortion is an alteration in the perception of the body that can have repercussions on health. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of body image accuracy and distortion among women participating in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) living in Bahia State, Brazil, and to investigate associations with socioeconomic characteristics, lifestyle, and gynecological care seeking. A total of 609 women aged 50 to 69 years participated in the study, who answered face-to-face questionnaires from 2012 to 2014. The Stunkard silhouette scale was used to investigate accurate or distorted perception for more or less weight. The relative risk ratio (RR) was calculated by multinomial logistic regression using Stata 13. Most participants have an accurate perception of their own bodies (53.7%). Among those with distorted perception, there is a tendency to distort towards less weight (38.1%). In the multinomial regression analysis, the variables race/skin color and education remained associated with the distortion towards underweight. The race/skin color variable was positively associated with the distortion towards underweight among Mixed-race women (RR = 1.89; 95%CI: 1.13-3.16) and black (RR = 2.10; 95%CI: 1.25-3.55), while the education variable among those with up to high school education (RR = 1.65; 95%CI: 1.18-2.33). There were no associations with the other variables or with distortion for more weight. The results contribute to explaining the relationships between body image perception and socioeconomic factors, revealing that women of different races/skin colors and varying educational levels are influenced in different ways by social discourses, impacting the perception of their body image.


La distorsión de la imagen corporal es una alteración en la percepción del cuerpo que puede repercutir en la salud. Este estudio busca estimar, entre las mujeres participantes del Estudio Longitudinal de Salud del Adulto (ELSA-Brasil) que viven en Bahía, Brasil, la prevalencia de precisión y distorsión de la imagen corporal e investigar asociaciones con las características socioeconómicas, el estilo de vida y la busca de atención ginecológica. Participaron 609 mujeres que tenían entre 50 y 69 años que contestaron los cuestionarios aplicados cara a cara entre 2012 y 2014. Se utilizó la escala de siluetas de Stunkard para investigar la percepción precisa o distorsionada para más o menos peso. El cociente de riesgo relativo (RR) se calculó a través de regresión logística multinomial utilizando el Stata 13. La mayoría de los participantes tiene una perspectiva precisa del propio cuerpo (53,7%). Entre las personas con percepción distorsionada hay una tendencia a la distorsión para menos peso (38,1%). En el análisis de regresión multinomial, las variables raza/color y escolaridad permanecieron asociadas con la distorsión para menos peso, siendo la primera positivamente asociada con la distorsión para menos peso entre las mujeres pardas (RR = 1,89; IC95%: 1,13-3,16) y negras (RR = 2,10; IC95%: 1,25-3,55), mientras la segunda entre las mujeres que estudiaron hasta la enseñanza secundaria (RR = 1,65; IC95%: 1,18-2,33). No hubo asociaciones con las otras variables ni con la distorsión para más peso. Los resultados contribuyen para explicar las relaciones entre la percepción de la imagen corporal y los factores socioeconómicos, demostrando que mujeres de diferentes razas/colores y diferentes niveles de educación se influyen de distintas formas a través de discursos sociales, lo que impacta en la percepción de su imagen corporal.

SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA
...