RESUMO
Superhydrophobic coatings have garnered significant research interest due to their potential applications in areas such as ant-icing and windows. This study focuses on the development of superhydrophobic coatings using air-assisted electrospray and the effect of different carbon additives as templates in the coating. Carbon templates, with their unique topological varieties, offer a cost-effective alternative to other patterning technologies such as photolithography. By introducing dispersed carbon black, carbon nanotubes, and graphene additives in TEOS solution, silica is given the ability of localized secondary growth on or around the carbon surfaces as well as the building structure to provide adequate roughness on the substrate surface. The templated silica formations provide a thin coating with nano-scale roughness for heightened water resistance. As compared with the template-free coating that has small silica particles, a surface roughness of 135 nm, and a water contact angle (WCA) of 101.6° (non-superhydrophobic), the carbon templating effect allowed for increased silica particle size, a surface roughness as high as 845 nm, a WCA above 160°, and the ability to maintain superhydrophobicity over 30 abrasion cycles. The morphological characteristics that resulted from the templating effect correlate directly with heightened performance of the coatings. Herein, the carbon additives have been found to serve as cheap and effective templates for silica formation in thin TEOS-derived superhydrophobic coatings.
RESUMO
Prolonged Casualty Care (PCC) has become an essential component to Special Operations Forces (SOF) pre-mission training. However, it has not regularly been required in recent combat operations with the availability of medical evacuation (MEDEVAC) support. Poor weather conditions at an austere SOF outpost created an emergency unreachable by aeromedical evacuation. Herein, we report a case of an emergency bilateral above-the-knee amputation procedure performed by three Special Forces Medical Sergeants (18D(a), 18D(b), and 18D(c)) and supporting Army medics with minimal telemedicine consult and guidance.