Current Situation and Prognostic Evolution of Combined Heart-lung Transplantation in a European Union Country.

Background: This study aims to evaluate the entire experience in heart-lung transplantation (HLTx) in a country of the European Union with 47 million inhabitants according to the etiologies that motivated the procedure. Methods: A retrospective study on 1,751 consecutive transplants (HLTx: 78) was performed from 1990 to 2020 in two centers. Overall survival, adjusted for clinical profile and etiological subgroups, was compared. 7 subgroups were considered: 1) Cardiomyopathy with pulmonary hypertension (CM + PH). 2) Eisenmenger syndrome. 3) Congenital heart disease (CHD). 4) Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH). 5) Cystic fibrosis. 6) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)/Emphysema. 7) Diffuse interstitial lung disease (ILD). Results: Early mortality was 44% and that of the rest of the follow-up was 31%. There were differences between HTLx and HTx in survival, also comparing groups with a similar clinical profile with propensity score (p= 0.04). Median survival was low in CM + PH (18 days), ILD (29 days) and CHD (114 days), intermediate in Eisenmenger syndrome (600 days), and longer in IPAH, COPD/Emphysema and cystic fibrosis. Conclusion: HLTx has a high mortality. The etiological analysis is of the utmost interest to make the most of the organs and improve survival.

Experiencia en manejo anestésico para cirugía no cardiaca en pacientes con asistencias ventriculares / Experience in anaesthetic management of non-cardiac surgery in patients with ventricular assist devices

La insuficiencia cardiaca constituye un cuadro sindrómico de elevada incidencia en la medicina actual. Cuando los síntomas de la insuficiencia cardiaca progresan y se convierten en refractarios, la indicación de trasplante cardiaco es la mejor opción terapéutica. Sin embargo, debido a la escasez de donantes y a las largas listas de espera, muchos de estos pacientes necesitan la implantación de dispositivos de asistencia ventricular como puente a este trasplante, o en algunos casos, cuando el trasplante no es una opción, como terapia definitiva. En este artículo se presenta una serie de 4 casos clínicos en pacientes portadores de dispositivos de asistencia ventricular que precisaron intervención quirúrgica. Tres de ellos estaban asistidos con asistencias de larga duración: 2 EXCOR (pulsátiles y paracorpórea) y un HEARTWARE (no pulsátil e intracorpórea) y el último con una asistencia de corta duración; CentriMag Levitronix biventricular. No existe bibliografía significativa sobre las implicaciones perioperatorias de estos pacientes cuando son sometidos a cirugía urgente o programada. La experiencia en nuestro centro nos lleva a plantear la necesidad de conocer una serie de aspectos: funcionamiento de cada dispositivo, recalcando la correcta colocación de las cánulas durante la cirugía; el manejo apropiado de la medicación, recalcando la importancia de las terapias anticoagulantes y antiagregantes; los cambios fisiopatológicos a nivel cardiopulmonar debidos a la implantación de estos dispositivos; y la importancia de la administración de una correcta antibioterapia. Ante la complejidad que presentan estos casos, la escasa experiencia en este campo y los pocos casos que existen de estas situaciones se recomienda la creación de protocolos para garantizar un manejo correcto de estos

Heart failure (HF) is a syndromic condition with a high incidence in current medicine. When the symptoms of HF progress, and become refractory, cardiac transplant is the best therapeutic option. However, due to the shortage of donors and the long waiting lists, many of those patients are candidates for implantation of ventricular assist devices as a bridge to the cardiac transplant, or when this is not an option, as a definitive therapy. A series of four clinical cases of patients with ventricular assist devices that required surgical intervention, is presented. Three of them were assisted with long-term care: two EXCOR (pulsatile and para-corporeal) and one HEARTWARE (non-pulsatile and intra-corporeal), and the last one with short-term assistance; CentriMag biventricular Levitronix. There is no significant literature on the peri-operative implications of these patients when they undergo urgent or scheduled surgery. The experience in our centre leads us to raise the need to determine a series of aspects: operation of each device, emphasising the correct placement of the cannulas during the surgery; the proper management of any medication, emphasising the importance of anticoagulant and anti-platelet therapies; the Pathophysiological changes at cardiopulmonary level due to the implantation of these devices; and the importance of the administration of a correct antibiotic therapy. Given the complexity of these cases, the limited experience in this field, and the few cases that exist in these situations, it is recommended to create protocols to ensure their proper management

Ectasia dural y dolor lumbar en pacientes con síndrome de Marfan / Ectasia and lumbar pain associated with marfan syndrome

Objetivo: Evaluar clínica y radiológicamente si la presencia y el volumen de la ectasia dural (ED) se asocia con dolor lumbar en pacientes con Síndrome de Marfan (SM). Material y Método: 92 pacientes diagnosticados de SM según los criterios de Gante fueron estudiados de forma prospectiva durante un año. Se les realizó una historia clínica, pruebas de imagen, incluyendo una resonancia magnética de columna lumbar volumétrica y se les entregaron 3 cuestionarios: SRS 22 (Scoliosis Research Society) y SF 36 v- 2 e Índice de discapacidad de Oswestry en función del que subdividimos la muestra en grupo I (pacientes con dolor lumbar moderado o grave) y grupo II (pacientes sin dolor lumbar). Resultados: Se realizó análisis multivariante de las variables relacionadas con el dolor lumbar, alcanzando la ED significación estadística. Estaba presente en el 75,9% de los pacientes del grupo I, y en el 49,2% del grupo II. La presencia de la ED se asocian con dolor lumbar en pacientes con SM (p= 0,016) y con la presencia de deformidad vertebral (p <0,001). Conclusiones: La presencia y el tamaño de la ED se asocian de forma significativa con dolor lumbar en el SM pero el scalloping no influye en la mayor intensidad del dolor (AU)

Objetive: Evaluate clinically and radiographically whether the presence and size of dural ectasia (ED) is associated with low back pain in patients with Marfan syndrome (MS). Material and method: 92 patients diagnosed with MS according to Ghent criteria were studied prospectively for one year. Underwent a medical history, imaging tests, including a lumbar spine MRI volumetric and 3 questionnaires were given: SRS 22 (Scoliosis Research Society) and SF 36 v-2 and Oswestry Disability Index subdivided according to the sample in group I (patients with moderate lower back pain and / or severe) and group II (patients without pain). Results: Multivariate analysis of variables related to low back pain, the ED reached statistical significance. ED was present in 75.9% of patients in group I, and 49.2% in group II. The presence of ED is associated with low back pain in patients with MS with an OR of 3.24 (1.21 to 8.68) p = 0.016 and the presence of vertebral deformity (scalloping) with an OR of 129, 83 (16.1 to 1047.74) p <0.001. Conclusion: The presence and size of ED was significantly associated with LBP in the SM but the «scalloping» does not affect the increased intensity of pain (AU)

Ectasia dural y dolor lumbar en el síndrome de Marfan / Dural ectasia and lumbar pain associated with Marfan syndrome

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