RESUMO
This study examines patterns of growth and nutritional status of indigenous Tsimane' children under 9 years of age (n = 199 boys and 210 girls), based on a cross-sectional sample from 58 villages from the Beni Deparment of lowland Bolivia. Compared with US children, Tsimane' children are quite short, with linear growth tracking at or below the US 5th centile in both sexes. The prevalence of low height-for-age ("stunting;" HA Z-scores
Assuntos
Tamanho Corporal/etnologia , Tamanho Corporal/fisiologia , Desenvolvimento Infantil/fisiologia , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição Infantil/fisiologia , Indígenas Sul-Americanos/estatística & dados numéricos , Distribuição por Idade , Bolívia/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Transtornos do Crescimento/epidemiologia , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Avaliação Nutricional , Estado Nutricional , Prevalência , Distribuição por Sexo , Magreza/epidemiologiaRESUMO
The birth of hospice in the United States was fostered by the work of Florence Wald, former Dean of the Yale School of Nursing. Her activities are emblematic of the dedication of many other hospice volunteers who made hospice a reality in the United States. Nurturer, humanitarian and visionary, we salute Florence Wald and the many others who have contributed to the change in how end-of-life care is rendered in the United States. Congratulations and well done.
Assuntos
Hospitais para Doentes Terminais/história , História do Século XX , Cuidados Paliativos na Terminalidade da Vida/história , Humanos , Enfermeiros Administradores/história , Cuidados Paliativos/história , Escolas de Enfermagem/história , Sociedades Hospitalares/história , Estados UnidosRESUMO
This paper considers the stresses and satisfactions experienced by health care social workers as they help clients with grief and loss at a time of great fiscal restraint. Their clients face life-threatening illnesses such as AIDS and many forms of cancer. There are untimely losses in families and communities whose resources are dwindling. As social workers confront struggles with death and bereavement, they may receive limited support to deal with these stresses in their work. The authors suggest administrative strategies both to help workers reduce stress and increase satisfactions and to demonstrate the value of social work services to dying and bereaved clients along a continuum of health care.
Assuntos
Luto , Esgotamento Profissional/psicologia , Papel do Doente , Serviço Social , Assistência Terminal/psicologia , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/psicologia , Esgotamento Profissional/prevenção & controle , Pesar , Humanos , Satisfação no Emprego , Neoplasias/psicologia , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente , Relações Profissional-Paciente , Apoio SocialRESUMO
The hospital setting presents special needs for an Employee Assistance Program and special complications for sponsorship, development, and maintenance. What has been learned, how certain problems can be solved or avoided, how responsibility and accountability can be negotiated are presented by a team that has successfully established such a program at a large metropolitan medical center. In addition to successes, some unsolved problems are identified for further study.
Assuntos
Serviços de Saúde do Trabalhador/organização & administração , Papel (figurativo) , Serviço Hospitalar de Assistência Social/normas , Confidencialidade , Hospitais Urbanos , Hospitais de Veteranos , Humanos , Serviços de Saúde do Trabalhador/normas , Defesa do Paciente , Encaminhamento e Consulta , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/terapiaRESUMO
The growing movements in behalf of consumers' rights and self-help in health care were the impetus for the formation of a hospital group program for patients with chronic obstructive lung disease. The authors use case examples and summaries to describe the steps by which these patients began to offer each other help, which in turn led to both personal and institutional change.
Assuntos
Pneumopatias Obstrutivas/reabilitação , Grupos de Autoajuda/tendências , Atividades Cotidianas , Adaptação Psicológica , Ira , Humanos , Pneumopatias Obstrutivas/psicologia , Masculino , Grupos de Autoajuda/organização & administração , Serviço Social em PsiquiatriaRESUMO
This paper examines the historic and contemporary commitment of social work to discharge planning in the context of current threats from external systems as well as dilemmas within the profession. Through the examination of events in one hospital, the authors identify legislative and fiscal trends and place the social work role with its specific skills and knowledge at the forefront of the planning process. Finally, there is a discussion of crucial developments and implications for directions and for needed professional growth.
