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1.
CJC Open ; 5(7): 585-592, 2023 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37496785

RESUMO

Background: Nurse-led multidisciplinary heart failure clinics (MDHFCs) play an important role in patient care in developed countries, due to their proven benefits relating to mortality, hospitalization, and quality of life. However, evidence is limited regarding the role of MDHFCs in a limited-resource setting. Methods: Patients with heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (n = 89) were enrolled in a prospective, longitudinal cohort, from January 2018 to January 2019. The following endpoints were collected at baseline and after 6 months of follow-up: (i) quality of life, measured using the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire; (ii) medication adherence using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale, 8-item; (iii) titration of HF medications; (iv) self-care behavior using the European Heart Failure Self-care Behavior Scale; and (v) mortality and hospitalizations up to 12 months after. Results: The questionnaire score was reduced from 66.5 (interquartile range [IQR], 46-86) at baseline to 26 (IQR, 13-45) at 6 months (P < 0.001). New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class improved at 6 months (NYHA I: 41.9%; NYHA II: 39.5%; NYHA III: 17.2%), compared to baseline (NYHA I: 20%; NYHA II: 49%; NYHA III: 31%; P < 0.001). Medication adherence using the 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale improved the score from 6 (IQR, 4-7) at baseline to 7 (IQR, 6.25-8; P = 0.001) at 6 months. Uptitration of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (25% vs 18% at target dose) and beta-blockers (25% vs 11% at target dose) was documented. After 6 months of follow-up, the European Heart Failure Self-care Behavior Scale was applied, showing a score of 18.5 (IQR, 15-22). The mortality reported at 12 months of follow-up was 9.7%, and the incidence of hospitalization was 44%. Conclusion: An MDHFC is a feasible strategy to manage an HF clinic in a low-resource setting.


Contexte: Les cliniques multidisciplinaires d'insuffisance cardiaque dirigées par du personnel infirmier jouent un rôle important dans les soins aux patients dans les pays développés en raison de leurs bienfaits démontrés en matière de mortalité, d'hospitalisation, et de qualité de vie. Les preuves quant au rôle de ce type de cliniques dans un contexte de pénurie de ressources sont toutefois limitées. Méthodologie: Des patients atteints d'insuffisance cardiaque (IC) présentant une fraction d'éjection réduite (n = 89) ont été inscrits à une étude de cohortes prospective et longitudinale allant de janvier 2018 à janvier 2019. Les critères d'évaluation suivants ont été mesurés à l'inscription et après six mois de suivi : i) qualité de vie, mesurée par le questionnaire Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire; ii) adhésion au traitement médicamenteux, mesuré selon l'échelle en huit points Morisky Medication Adherence Scale; iii) modification de la dose de médicaments contre l'IC; iv) comportements d'autosoins, mesurés selon l'échelle European Heart Failure Self-care Behavior Scale; et v) taux de mortalité et d'hospitalisation jusqu'à 12 mois. Résultats: Le score au questionnaire a diminué pour passer de 66,5 (écart interquartile [EI] : 46 à 86) au départ à 26 (EI : 13 à 45) à six mois (p < 0,001). La catégorie fonctionnelle de la New York Heart Association (NYHA) s'est améliorée à six mois (NYHA I : 41,9 %; NYHA II : 39,5 %; NYHA III : 17,2 %), comparativement au départ (NYHA I : 20 %; NYHA II : 49 %; NYHA III : 31 %; p < 0,001). Le score de l'adhésion au traitement médicamenteux mesuré par l'échelle en huit points Morisky Medication Adherence Scale s'est amélioré, passant de 6 (EI : 4 à 7) au départ à 7 (EI : 6,25 à 8; p = 0,001) à six mois. On a noté une augmentation de la dose d'inhibiteurs de l'enzyme de conversion de l'angiotensine ou de bloqueurs des récepteurs de l'angiotensine (25 % vs 18 % à la dose cible) et de bêtabloquants (25 % vs 11 % à la dose cible). Après six mois de suivi, l'échelle European Heart Failure Self-care Behavior Scale a été appliquée, ce qui a donné un score de 18,5 (EI : 15 à 22). Le taux de mortalité rapporté à 12 mois de suivi était de 9,7 %, et le taux d'hospitalisation était de 44 %. Conclusion: Une clinique multidisciplinaire d'insuffisance cardiaque dirigée par du personnel infirmier est une stratégie réaliste pour gérer une clinique d'IC dans un contexte de pénurie de ressources.

2.
Rev. méd. Panamá ; 41(3): 33-33, dic 2021.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1371937

RESUMO

Introducción: Múltiples ensayos clínicos realizados durante la pandemia por COVID-19 han demostrado el mayor compromiso clínico de los pacientes con riesgo cardiovascular conocido. Las complicaciones cardiovasculares durante la hospitalización de estos pacientes consituyen un campo de investigación activa. Objetivo: Determinar las características cardiovasculares de los pacientes con COVID-19 admitidos en el Hospital Santo Tomás durante la primera ola de casos en nuestro país. Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo tomando datos de la historia clínica de pacientes con diagnóstico de COVID-19 con prueba PCR confirmatoria admitidos en el Hospital Santo Tomás entre abril y junio del 2020. Resultados: 104 pacientes hospitalizados ingresaron al estudio. Existió predominio el sexo masculino. El 73,1% de los pacientes hospitalizados correspondieron a una edad > 40 años. La principal comorbilidad cardiovascular fue hipertensión arterial. La incidencia de complicaciones cardiovasculares durante hospitalización fue de 25%, siendo la más frecuente la falla cardiaca aguda. Una tercera parte de los pacientes hospitalizados necesitaron manejo en cuidados intensivos. La mortalidad global fue de 54.8%. La mortalidad de causa cardiovascular fue de 14%. De los pacientes con hipertensión arterial, el 40% requirió soporte ventilatorio mecánico invasivo. La mortalidad global de los pacientes con hipertensión arterial fue de 68.9%. Conclusiones: La hipertensión arterial fue la principal comorbilidad cardiovascular en los pacientes hospitalizados con COVID-19. La complicación cardiovascular más frecuente fue la falla cardiaca aguda. Los pacientes con hipertensión arterial presentaron mayor requerimiento de ventilación mecánica y mayor mortalidad global. (provisto por Infomedic International)


Introduction: Multiple clinical trials conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic have demonstrated the increased clinical involvement of patients with known cardiovascular risk. Cardiovascular complications during hospitalization of these patients constitute an active field of research. Objective: To determine the cardiovascular characteristics of patients with COVID-19 admitted to Hospital Santo Tomás during the first wave of cases in our country. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was carried out taking data from the clinical history of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 with confirmatory PCR test admitted to the Hospital Santo Tomás between April and June 2020. Results: 104 hospitalized patients were admitted to the study. There was a predominance of male sex. Of the hospitalized patients, 73.1% were aged > 40 years. The main cardiovascular comorbidity was arterial hypertension. The incidence of cardiovascular complications during hospitalization was 25%, the most frequent being acute heart failure. One third of the hospitalized patients required intensive care management. Overall mortality was 54.8%. Cardiovascular mortality was 14%. Of the patients with arterial hypertension, 40% required invasive mechanical ventilatory support. The overall mortality of patients with arterial hypertension was 68.9%. Conclusions: Arterial hypertension was the main cardiovascular comorbidity in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. The most frequent cardiovascular complication was acute heart failure. Patients with arterial hypertension had a greater need for mechanical ventilation and higher overall mortality.   (provided by Infomedic International)

4.
Rev Med Chil ; 135(5): 558-65, 2007 May.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17657323

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Since the introduction of stents in 1994, improved clinical results have boosted the development of coronary angioplasty in Chile. Drug eluting stents, that have a reduced rate of restenosis, are being increasingly used. AIM: To assess the acute and long-term results of bare metal stent implantation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Acute and long-term clinical, procedural and angiographic results were assessed in non acute myocardial infarction patients undergoing coronary stent implantation between August 1996 and December 2003. RESULTS: During the study period, 932 patients aged 30 to 87 years (194 women) had at least one stent implanted. Twenty two percent were diabetic, 33% had recent myocardial infarction, 53% unstable angina and 22% stable angina. Angiographic and clinical success were 99.6% and 98.2%, respectively. In hospital death was 0.5%. During a mean follow-up of 19.1 months, all cause mortality was 3.9%, cardiac death 1.9% and survival free of major cardiac ischemic events was 85.3%. Only 6.4% of lesions underwent target vessel revascularization (TVR). Independent predictors of TVR were previous surgery, left anterior descending artery, small post stent minimum luminal diameter. Ostial location, in-stent restenosis, and younger age were non significant predictors. CONCLUSIONS: Acute and long-term results of bare metal stents in this population were excellent. An intriguingly low rate of TVR was seen. Selective bare metal stenting should continue in lesions and patients with a low risk of clinical restenosis.


Assuntos
Angioplastia Coronária com Balão , Estenose Coronária/terapia , Stents , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Chile , Reestenose Coronária/etiologia , Estenose Coronária/patologia , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infarto do Miocárdio/terapia , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento
5.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 26(1): 57-61, 2007. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-499059

RESUMO

Introducción. La proliferación neointimal es la causa de la reestenosis coronaria intra stent (RIS). Recientemente, el implante de stents liberadores de drogas (DES) ha emergido como una alternativa efectiva de tratamiento endovascular. Material y método. Seleccionamos pacientes con RIS de stents no recubiertos tratados con DES en forma consecutiva en 3 centros chilenos. Luego del alta los pacientes fueron seguidos por al menos 12 meses. Resultados. De 21 pacientes (19 por ciento mujeres) entre 47 y 91 años tratados por al menos una lesión coronaria con RIS, 33,3 por ciento eran diabéticos y 14,3 por ciento tenían cirugía coronaria previa. Se presentaron de preferencia con síndromes coronarios agudos y la mayoría tenía enfermedad de 1 vaso (71,4 por ciento). Se trató sólo 1 lesión con RIS, implantándose en 15 pacientes DES recubierto con Sirolimus y en 6 con Paclitaxel. El largo promedio de stent implantado fue de27,7 mm (13-51 mm). Se obtuvo éxito en todos los casos y no hubo complicaciones isquémicas intrahospitalarias. Durante el seguimiento, sólo 2 pacientes presentaron reestenosis intrastent y uno de ellos, un anciano, falleció en forma súbita en el seguimiento. El 90 por ciento se mantuvo libre de eventos isquémicos en el seguimiento. Conclusión. El implante de DES aparece como una alternativa efectiva en el tratamiento de la RIS.


Background. Neointimal proliferation causes coronary intrastent restenosis (ISR). Recently, drug eluting stents(DES) have emerged as an effective therapeutic approach to treat ISRMethods. Consecutive patients from 3 centers with in stent restenosis after bare metal stent implantation were treated with DES. Patients were followed for 12 months after discharge.Results. Of 21 patients (19 percent females), 47 to 91 years old, with one or more intrastent restenosis, diabetes was present in 33 percent and previous coronary artery surgery in 14 percent. Most patients presented with acute coronary syndromes and 71 percent had single vessel disease. Only one lesion in each patient was treated with DES implantation, 15 with paclitaxel and 6 with sirolimus stents. Mean stent length was 27.7 mm (13-51). The procedure was successful in all patients and no ischemic complications were observed prior to discharge. During follow up 2 patients developed new intra stent restenosis and one of them died suddenly. 90 percent of patients were free from ischemic events at the end of follow up. Conclusion. DES appears to be an effective therapy to treat intra stent restenosis.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Angioplastia Coronária com Balão , Paclitaxel/administração & dosagem , Reestenose Coronária/terapia , Stents , Sirolimo/administração & dosagem , Chile , Seguimentos
6.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 26(4): 429-435, 2007. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-499075

RESUMO

Introducción: La reducción de la reestenosis intrastent ha permitido una gran aceptación de los stents liberadores de drogas (DES). El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido evaluar nuestra experiencia clínica inicial con DES y compararla con aquellos que sólo recibieron BMS (stents no liberadores de drogas). Materiales y Métodos: Se compararon 71 pacientes tratados con DES (Cypher® = 32 o Taxus® = 39) con 903 pacientes tratados sólo con BMS. Además del análisis clínico y angiográfico detallado, se efectuó seguimiento clínico de a lo menos 6 meses. Resultados: Los pacientes tratados con DES con mayor frecuencia eran más complejos y tenían características clínicas y angiográficas desfavorables. Sin embargo, no hubo diferencias en la tasa de éxito angiográfico (100 vs. 99,2 por ciento) ni en las complicaciones isquémicas intrahospitalarias (1,3 vs. 0 por ciento). En el seguimiento los tratados con DES tuvieron menor recurrencia de la angina (8,7 vs. 19,0 por ciento), revascularización del vaso tratado (0 vs. 7,5 por ciento) y menos eventos isquémicos (4,4 por ciento vs. 14,6 por ciento). Conclusiones: A pesar de su empleo en pacientes con características clínicas y angiográficas desfavorables, los DES lograron un mejor resultado a largo plazo en comparación con los BMS.


Background: There has been considerable enthusiasm for drug eluting stents (DES) in coronary angioplasty due to the lower restenosis rate associated to their use. Aim: To compare clinical and angiographic results of DES implantation, compared to traditional bare metal stents (BMS) Methods: 71 patients who received DES (Cypher® = 32; Taxus® = 39) were compared to 903 patients who had received BMS. Detailed clinical and angiographic evaluation and 6 month follow up data were analyzed. T test and X2 analysis were used for comparisons. Results: Compared to the BMS group, the DES group had complex clinical (diabetes mellitus, family history, active smokers) and agiographic findings (lower ejection fraction, longer lesions) in a greater proportion of cases (p < 0.05 vs BMS). The immediate angiographic success rate did not differ between groups (100 percent vs 99.2 percent, respectively). Acute ischemic complications occurred in 1.3 percent in DES patients compared to 0 percent in BMS (pNS). At follow-up, angina recurrence (8.7 percent vs 19 percent, p < 0.043), need for revascularization (0 percent vs 7.5 percent, p < 0.02) and new ischemic events (4.4 percent vs 14.6 percent, p < 0.02) were lower in DES as compared to BMS patients. Conclusion: In spite of the greater clinical and angiographic complexity, patients with DES had better long term clinical results than patients who received BMS.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Angioplastia Coronária com Balão/métodos , Estenose Coronária/tratamento farmacológico , Estenose Coronária , Stents , Evolução Clínica , Estudos de Coortes , Angiografia Coronária , Seguimentos , Metais , Estudos Prospectivos , Recidiva , Reestenose Coronária/prevenção & controle , Resultado do Tratamento
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