RESUMO
This prospective longitudinal study investigated the epidemiology of enteric disease associated with infections in calves aging up to 70 days. A total of 850 fecal samples were collected from 67 calves. Seventeen isolates of Salmonella spp. were recovered from feces of 11 calves (16.4%), and statistical analysis revealed no association between the presence of Salmonella spp. and clinical signs of diarrhea or age. Virulence factors of Escherichia coli were identified in 103 strains: eae (7), K99/STa (7), Stx1 (7), Stx1/eae (36), Stx1/Stx2/eae (2), Stx2 (43), and Stx2/eae (1). There was statistical association between diarrheic animals carrying E. coli Stx1/eae (+) in their feces at 2 and 4 weeks of age (P = 0.003) and E. coli Stx2 (+) at 5 weeks of age (P = 0.03). Rotavirus was detected in 49 (5.76%) fecal samples collected from 33 calves (49.2%). The presence of rotavirus was correlated with diarrheic feces (P < 0.0001) rather than feces with normal consistency. There was a significant relationship between age group and diarrhea (P = 0.001). Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) was detected in 93 fecal samples collected from 46 calves (68.6%). There was an association (P < 0.0001) between diarrheic animals positive for BCoV and age groups. The results demonstrate the importance of the pathogens studied in the etiology of diarrhea in calves.
Assuntos
Infecções por Coronavirus/veterinária , Coronavirus/isolamento & purificação , Diarreia/veterinária , Infecções por Escherichia coli/veterinária , Escherichia coli/isolamento & purificação , Rotavirus/isolamento & purificação , Salmonella/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Brasil , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Coronavirus Bovino , Fezes , Estudos Longitudinais , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de VirulênciaRESUMO
O conhecimento sobre a fisiologia e regulação dos eletrólitos e do equilíbrio ácido-base é necessário, pois a saúde do animal depende diretamente da composição normal dos fluídos nos diversos compartimentos corporais. Esta regulação está intimamente entrelaçada em um rigoroso e preciso controle, de modo que uma anormalidade em um destes compartimentos reflete na alteração dos demais. A avaliação do equilíbrio eletrolítico e ácido-base pode fornecer informações fundamentais para o diagnóstico, prognóstico e decisão terapêutica de diversas enfermidades nos bovinos, tais como diarreias neonatais, hemoparasitoses (anaplasmose e a babesiose), deslocamento de abomaso e processos de sépticos. As correções destas alterações com medidas terapêuticas adequadas são pontos chave para minimizar as perdas por mortalidade causadas por estas enfermidades.
The knowledge of the physiology and regulation of electrolytes and blood gas parameters is necessary because the health of the animal depends directly on the normal composition of fluid in body compartments. The regulation of these is closely intertwined with a rigorous and precise control so that an abnormality in one of these compartments reflects the change in the other. The evaluation of electrolyte and acid-base balance can provide key information for diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic decision for several diseases in animals such as neonatal diarrhea, anaplasmosis and babesiosis, displacement of abomasum and septic processes. The corrections of these changes with appropriate treatment are key to minimizing losses due to mortality in these diseases.