[Combined treatment of soft tissue sarcoma]. / Kombinirovannoe lechenie sarkom miagkikh tkanei.

The five-year results of surgical and combined (irradiation + operation) treatment of 451 patients with sarcoma of the soft tissues are analysed with due account for the principal prognostic factors. It is shown that the survival of patients may be prolonged if the operation is supplemented by irradiation. Comparison of three variants of combined treatment showed the advantages of combined treatment with subsequent postoperative irradiation. Radiotherapy does not increase the number of postoperative complications.

[Experience of the use of histoautoradiography in vitro, using 3H-thymidine, for assessing the degree of radiation damage to rectal adenocarcinoma]. / Opyt ispol'zovaniia gistoavtoradiografii in vitro s 3H-timidinom dlia otsenki stepeni luchevogo povrezhdeniia adenokartsinom priamoi kishki.

In vitro thymidine histoautoradiography was employed to measure labeling index in 18 moderately- and well-differentiated adenocarcinomas of the rectum before and after radiotherapy. After radiation labeling index fell from 13.8 +/- 3.2 to 3.9 +/- 1.4% while mitotic index--from 8 to 1%.

[Importance of mammography for assessing the results of the radiation treatment of nodular forms of breast cancer]. / Znachenie mammografii dlia otsenki rezul'tatov luchevogo lecheniia uzlovatykh form raka molochnoi zhelezy.

The study using clinico-roentgenological data on 62 patients was concerned with the effectiveness of mammography in evaluating radiation response. Tumor regression was registered in 58 cases. Changes in the X-ray picture in the course and after treatment as well as X-ray signs of radiation injury are described. Mammography proved more reliable than clinical examination in evaluating the degree of tumor regression.

[Results of radiation treatment of cervical cancer patients using the AGAT-V apparatus]. / Rezul'taty luchevogo lecheniia bol'nykh rakom sheiki matki s ispol'zovaniem apparata AGAT-V.

1,863 patients with cancer of cervix uteri received a complex radiation treatment from the ATAT-B installation in 1974-1982. Five-year survival of patients given different focal doses of 45-73 Gy (90-178 units TDF) was studied. It was found that approximately the same survival of patients treated with different focal doses within the said dose range was matched by minimal incidence and degree of radiation injuries following exposure to doses of 45-59 Gy (105-139 units TDF). Total focal dosage and TDF values, incidence rate and degree of post-radiation complications were shown to be in a direct correlation.

About quantitative criteria of radiation pathomorphism in concentrated preoperative irradiation of rectum cancer.

Two groups of patients were involved in the study. In the first group (22 observations) radiation treatment was applied 4 times every other day with a single focal dose of 6 Gy (the total tumor dose 24-30 Gy, 1400-1600 NSD units, 70-85 TDF units). The period between the beginning of irradiation and surgery was usually 15-20 days. In the second group (12 observations) radiation was applied 4 times with a daily single dose of 5 Gy (total tumor dose 20 Gy, 1140 NSD units, 20 TDF units). Operation was performed 24-48 hours after the completion of radiation treatment. The so-called tumor damage index M +/- m was 36% +/- 4.8% in the first group, and 21% +/- 4.4% in the second group. The mitotic index decreased twice in the first group, and in the second group it dropped to zero. The obtained data demonstrate that in different schemes of radiation dose fractionation morphological changes observed in irradiated rectal adenocarcinomas are far from being similar. For objective evaluation of the changes different quantitative morphological criteria are needed.

[Quantitative criteria of radiation pathomorphosis in focal irradiation of rectal cancer]. / O kolichestvennykh kriteriiakh luchevogo patomorfoza pri kontsentrirovannom obluchenii raka priamoi kishki.

One study group consisting of 22 patients received 4-5 focal doses of 6 Gy every other day (total dose--24-30 Gy, 1,400-1,600 NSD). There was a 15-20 day interval between radiation therapy commencement and surgery. Another 12 patients received 4 daily doses of 5 Gy (total dose--20 Gy, 1,140 NSD) and were operated on 24-48 hrs after irradiation. The oncolytic index was 36% plus or minus 4.8 in study group 1 and 21% plus or minus 4.4--in group 2 (P less than 0.05). Mitotic index in group 1 fell from 6.7 to 3.1%, while in group 2--to zero.

[Role of radiation therapy in the combined treatment of soft tissue liposarcomas]. / Rol' luchevoi terapii v kombinirovannom lechenii liposarkom miagkikh tkanei.

The end results of surgical and combination (radiation + surgery) treatment of 85 patients with liposarcoma are compared. The 5-year survival rate following combination therapy proved to be much higher than after surgery (84 and 53.4%, respectively). Application of radiation improves the results for treatment of all histological types of tumor, polymorphocellular liposarcoma included. Indications of standard and concentrated dose-fractionated radiation should be determined by the size of tumor.

[Effectiveness of treatment of cervical cancer using an apparatus for high-energy gamma-therapy]. / Effektivnost' lecheniia bol'nykh rakom sheiki matki pri ispol'zovanii dlia vnutripolostnoi gamma-terapii apparata s istochnikami povyshennoi aktivnosti.

Clinical appraisal is made of an associated use of radiotherapy in two groups of cervical cancer patients, subjected to intracavitary irradiation on a high-dose-rate Agat-B apparatus, depending on different dosage at point A. In the first group of patients intracavitary irradiation was carried on with single doses of 900-1200 rad and total dosage--1700-1900 rad (2600-2800 ret). The second group of patients was irradiated with single doses of 700 rad and total dosage--3000-5000 rad (1500-1800 ret). In similar early results of the treatment (85% of patients showing the recovery in stage II and 62%--in stage III) the number of early and late postradiation complications was more high (26%) in the first group than in the second (7-9%).