High expression of carbonic anhydrase 12 (CA12) is associated with good prognosis in breast cancer.

The purpose of this research was to explore whether the expression of carbonic anhydrase 12 (CA12) and the prognosis had a significant relationship in breast cancer patients. A total of 262 breast cancer specimens and 75 normal breast tissue specimens were recruited in this study. The expression of CA12 was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC), and its correlation with the clinicopathological characteristics of breast cancer patients and their prognosis were further analyzed through standard statistical algorithms. The result of immunohistochemical staining showed that CA12 was detected in both normal breast tissue and breast cancer tissue. Compared to normal breast tissue, CA12 was significant higher expressing in cancer tissues (P=0.009). Statistical analysis showed that the high expression of CA12 in breast cancer tissue was related to estrogen receptor expression level (P<0.001). The follow-up of 262 cases of breast cancer patients within 5 years showed that patients with high expression of CA12 had significant better outcome in DFS (P=0.020) and OS (P=0.019) than patients with low expression of CA12. Univariate analysis of DFS showed that lymph node metastasis (P=0.034) and CA12 (P=0.024) are prognostic indicators. Multivariate analysis manifested that the expression of CA12 (P=0.025) and lymph node metastasis (P=0.024) are two independent factors affecting the prognosis of breast cancer. Conclusion: In breast cancer patients, CA12 can be seen as a new prognostic indicator and even a new target for treatment.

Novel magnetic chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel beads: preparation, characterization and application for adsorption of dye from aqueous solution.

Novel magnetic chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel beads (m-CS/PVA HBs) were prepared by an instantaneous gelation method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Results of characterization indicated that m-CS/PVA HBs have been prepared successfully without damaging the crystal structure of Fe(3)O(4) and their saturation magnetization were about 21.96 emu g(-1). The adsorption capacity of Congo Red on the m-CS/PVA HBs was 470.1 mg g(-1). The adsorption was well described by pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir equation. Positive value of enthalpy change (ΔH(∘)) (13.32 kJ mol(-1)) showed that the adsorption was endothermic and physical in nature. The values of Gibbs free energy change (ΔG(∘)) were found to be -3.321 kJ mol(-1) at 298 K for m-CS/PVA HBs, indicating the spontaneity of Congo Red adsorption. Therefore, the m-CS/PVA HBs could be employed as a low-cost alternative to other adsorbents in the removal of dyes from aqueous solution.

Effects of different acute high ambient temperatures on function of hepatic mitochondrial respiration, antioxidative enzymes, and oxidative injury in broiler chickens.

This study investigated the effects of different acute high ambient temperatures on dysfunction of hepatic mitochondrial respiration, the antioxidative enzyme system, and oxidative injury in broiler chickens. One hundred twenty-eight 6-wk-old broiler chickens were assigned randomly to 4 groups and subsequently exposed to 25 (control), 32, 35, and 38 degrees C (RH, 70 +/- 5%) for 3 h, respectively. The rectal temperatures, activity of antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase), content of malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl, and the activity of mitochondrial respiratory enzymes were determined. The results showed that exposure to high ambient temperature induced a significant elevation of rectal temperature, antioxidative enzyme activity, and formation of malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl, as well as dysfunction of the mitochondrial respiratory chain in comparison with control (P < 0.05). Almost all of the indicators changed in a temperature-dependent manner with the gradual increase of ambient temperature from 32 to 38 degrees C; differences in each parameter (except catalase) among the groups exposed to different high ambient temperatures were also statistically significant (P < 0.05). The results of the present study suggest that, in the broiler chicken model used here, acute exposure to high temperatures may depress the activity of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. This inactivation results subsequently in overproduction of reactive oxygen species, which ultimately results in oxidative injury. However, this hypothesis needs to be evaluated more rigorously in future studies. It has also been shown that, with the gradual increase in temperature, the oxidative injury induced by heat stress in broiler chickens becomes increasingly severe, and this stress response presents in a temperature-dependent manner in the temperature range of 32 to 38 degrees C.