Assuntos
Sistemas de Notificação de Reações Adversas a Medicamentos/normas , Coleta de Dados/estatística & dados numéricos , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Vacina Antivariólica/efeitos adversos , Vacínia/etiologia , Imunização , Segurança , Vacina Antivariólica/administração & dosagem , Terminologia como Assunto , Vacínia/fisiopatologia , Vaccinia virusAssuntos
Sistemas de Notificação de Reações Adversas a Medicamentos/normas , Coleta de Dados/estatística & dados numéricos , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Erupção Variceliforme de Kaposi/etiologia , Vacina Antivariólica/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Imunização/efeitos adversos , Erupção Variceliforme de Kaposi/epidemiologia , Erupção Variceliforme de Kaposi/fisiopatologia , Segurança , Vacina Antivariólica/administração & dosagem , Terminologia como Assunto , Vaccinia virusRESUMO
Because smallpox could be a factor in bioterrorism, the United States has provided guidelines for smallpox vaccination of certain members of the population, including health care workers and first responders, as well as military personnel. A plan for more extensive vaccination, if it is needed in the event of a bioterrorist attack, is being developed under the aegis of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The characteristics of smallpox vaccine, the technique of administration, and the expected reactions to primary vaccination and revaccination are outlined in this article.
Assuntos
Pessoal de Saúde , Programas de Imunização/métodos , Militares , Vacina Antivariólica/administração & dosagem , Varíola/prevenção & controle , Bioterrorismo , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. , Contraindicações , Humanos , Programas de Imunização/legislação & jurisprudência , Varíola/imunologia , Estados Unidos , VacinaçãoRESUMO
Smallpox vaccination of health care workers, military personnel, and some first responders has begun in the United States in 2002-2003 as one aspect of biopreparedness. Full understanding of the spectrum of adverse events and of their cause, frequency, identification, prevention, and treatment is imperative. This article describes known and suspected adverse events occurring after smallpox vaccination.
Assuntos
Infecções Bacterianas/induzido quimicamente , Eritema Multiforme/induzido quimicamente , Ceratite/induzido quimicamente , Vacina Antivariólica/efeitos adversos , Vacínia/induzido quimicamente , Pessoal de Saúde , Humanos , Programas de Imunização/métodos , Militares , Varíola/prevenção & controle , Vacina Antivariólica/administração & dosagem , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Currently, health care workers (HCWs) in the United States are being vaccinated against smallpox, and there is a possibility that this will be expanded to a more widespread vaccination program. Inadvertent transmission of vaccinia virus to patients with illnesses that are contraindications to vaccination is theoretically possible. Vaccinia virus is shed from the vaccination lesion of healthy primary vaccinees from approximately the third day to the end of the third week after vaccination; transmission of vaccinia virus is rare but does occur. Prudent management of the vaccination site by HCWs should virtually eliminate transmission. We recommend that vaccinated HCWs cover the site with loose gauze dressings and, when caring for patients with immunosuppression or extensive disruptive skin disorders, cover the dressings with semipermeable membranes. The evidence for respiratory spread of vaccinia virus is not compelling, and therefore droplet or airborne infection precautions should not be necessary, even for vaccinated HCWs who are caring for patients who experienced serious adverse events after smallpox vaccination in the past.
