Clinical characteristics of early-onset colorectal cancer / 中华消化外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of early-onset colorectal cancer.Methods:The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted. The clincopatholo-gical data of 59 206 patients with colorectal cancer in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program of the United States of America From January 1,2010 to December 31,2019 were collected. There were 33 213 males, 25 993 males, aged (50±7)years. Observation indicators: (1) demographic and oncological characteristics of colorectal cancer patients; (2) comparison of clinico-pathological characteristics between early-onset and late-onset colorectal cancer. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and comparison between groups was conducted using the t test. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M( Q1, Q3), and comparison among groups was conducted using the Kruskal-Wallis H test. Count data were described as absolute numbers, and comparison among groups was conducted using the chi-square test. Comparison of ordinal data was conducted using the non-parameter H test. Patients with early-onset colorectal cancer were segmented by age, and missing data for categorical variables is set as unknown. Results:(1) Demographic and oncological characteristics of colorectal cancer patients. Of 59 206 patients, there were 23 104 cases with early-onset colorectal cancer and 36 102 cases with late-onset colorectal cancer, and cases aged 13-29 years, cases aged 30-34 years, cases aged 35-39 years, cases aged 40-44 years, cases aged 45-49 years, cases aged 55-59 years were 1 041, 1 740, 3 288, 6 050, 10 985, 15 303,20 799, respectively. (2) Comparison of clinicopathological charac-teristics between early-onset and late-onset colorectal cancer. ① There were significant differences in gender, tumor location, degree of tumor differentiation, tumor histological type, tumor TNM staging, tumor T staging, tumor N staging, tumor M staging, preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), perineural invasion, cancer nodule, tumor diameter between patients with early-onset and late-onset colorectal cancer ( P<0.01). Results of further analysis showed that cases with tumor located in ileocecal region, ascending colon, colon liver region, transverse colon were 2 329, 2 139, 579, 1 303 in the 6 350 patients with early-onset right colon cancer. The above indicators were 4 563, 3 945, 902, 1 951 in the 11 361 patients with late-onset right colon cancer. There was a significant difference in the above indicators between the two groups of patients ( χ2=114.27, P<0.01). Cases with tumor located in splenic region of the colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum sigmoid junction were 553, 1 354, 6 404, 2 431 in the 10 742 patients with early-onset left colon cancer. The above indicators were 865, 1 798, 9 668, 3 610 in the 15 941 patients with late-onset left colon cancer. There was a significant difference in the above indicators between the two groups of patients ( χ2=35.60, P<0.01). ②Of 23 104 patients with early-onset colorectal cancer, cases aged 13-29 years, cases aged 30-34 years, cases aged 35-39 years, cases aged 40-44 years, cases aged 45-49 years were 1 041, 1 740, 3 288, 6 050, 10 985, respectively. There were significant differences in gender, degree of tumor differentiation, tumor histological type, tumor TNM staging, tumor T staging, tumor N staging, pre-operative CEA, perineural invasion, cancer nodule, tumor diameter among patients of different age groups ( P<0.01). Results of further analysis showed that cases with tumor located in ileocecal region, ascending colon, colon liver region, and transverse colon were 91, 117, 45, 69 in the 6 350 early-onset right colorectal cancer patients aged 13-29 years. The above indicators were 165, 136, 47, 115, 304, 313, 93,201, 614, 535, 151, 330, 1 155, 1 038, 243, 588 in early-onset right colorectal cancer patients aged 30-34, 35-39, 40-44, 45-49 years, respectively. There was a significant difference in the above indicators among the five groups of patients ( H=36.63, P<0.01). Cases with tumor located in splenic region of the colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum sigmoid junction were 32, 83, 260, 95 in the 10 742 early-onset left colorectal cancer patients aged 13-29 years. The above indica-tors were 53, 112, 452, 171, 95, 230, 867, 342, 149, 337, 1 702, 665, 224, 592, 3 123, 1 158 in the 10 742 early-onset left colorectal cancer patients aged 30-34, 35-39, 40-44, 45-49 years, respectively. There was a significant difference in the above indicators among the five groups of patients ( H=47.84, P<0.01). Conclusions:Compared with late-onset colorectal cancer, early-onset colorectal cancer are more likely to occur in the left colon and rectum, with poorly differentiated and undifferentiated tumors, histological type of mucinous adenocarcinoma, TNM staging of stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ, higher proportion of nerve infiltration and cancer nodules, and larger tumor diameter. There are significant differences in clinicopathological characteristics of tumors among patients with early-onset colorectal cancer of different age groups.

MRI features and pathological analysis of intracalvarium hemangioblastomas / 中国介入影像与治疗学

Objective To discuss MRI and pathological features of intracranial hemangioblastoma.Methods MRIdata of 26 cases of hemangioblastoma confirmed with operation and pathology were analyzed retrospectively.Results There were 22 cases with single lesion and multiple lesions in 4 eases.And a total of 31 lesions located in the posterior cranial fossa,including 14 lesions in right cerebellar hemispheres,9 lesions in left cerebellar hemispheres,2 lesions in cerebellar inferior vermis,4 lesions in medulla oblongata,and 2 lesions in fourth ventricle.Ninteen lesions showed cystic nodular type,1 lesion was cystic type,11 lesions showed parenchymal type or partial parenchyma type.Cystic lesions showed long T1 and long T2 signal,T1WI of solid area showed slightly long T1 and slightly long T2 signal,of which 12 lesions were slightly shorter T1 signal.Solid areas significantly enhanced,cystic area had no enhancement,but cystic wall of 3 cystic nodular lesions were slightly enhanced.DWI of solid areas showed low signal.MRS showed the peak of Cho obviously increased,and the peaks of Cr and NAA obviously decreased or nearly disappeared,and the high peak of lipids and lactate were observed.Conclusion The conventional and functional MRI of intracranial hemangioblastoma have some characteristics,MRI has a great value in the diagnosis and localization of intracranial hemangioblastoma.

MRI features and pathological analysis of intracalvarium hemangioblastomas / 中国介入影像与治疗学

Objective To discuss MRI and pathological features of intracranial hemangioblastoma.Methods MRIdata of 26 cases of hemangioblastoma confirmed with operation and pathology were analyzed retrospectively.Results There were 22 cases with single lesion and multiple lesions in 4 eases.And a total of 31 lesions located in the posterior cranial fossa,including 14 lesions in right cerebellar hemispheres,9 lesions in left cerebellar hemispheres,2 lesions in cerebellar inferior vermis,4 lesions in medulla oblongata,and 2 lesions in fourth ventricle.Ninteen lesions showed cystic nodular type,1 lesion was cystic type,11 lesions showed parenchymal type or partial parenchyma type.Cystic lesions showed long T1 and long T2 signal,T1WI of solid area showed slightly long T1 and slightly long T2 signal,of which 12 lesions were slightly shorter T1 signal.Solid areas significantly enhanced,cystic area had no enhancement,but cystic wall of 3 cystic nodular lesions were slightly enhanced.DWI of solid areas showed low signal.MRS showed the peak of Cho obviously increased,and the peaks of Cr and NAA obviously decreased or nearly disappeared,and the high peak of lipids and lactate were observed.Conclusion The conventional and functional MRI of intracranial hemangioblastoma have some characteristics,MRI has a great value in the diagnosis and localization of intracranial hemangioblastoma.

Biomechanical comparison of interspinous distraction device and facet screw fixation system on the motion of lumbar spine: a finite element analysis / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>A large amount of biomechanical and clinical evidence from previous studies suggest the efficiency of the two different posterior lumber non-fusion methods, interspinous distraction device (ISDD) and facet screw fixation system (FSS), but the biomechanical comparison of ISDD and FSS has not been thoroughly clarified.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In the current study, finite element methods were used to investigate the biomechanical comparison of ISDD and FSS. The range of motion (ROM), intradiscal pressure (IDP) and the protective effects gained by maintaining disc heights were evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The ROM was similar between the two non-fusion methods under static standing, flexion and lateral bending. The FSS appeared to be more effective in resisting extension. At the implanted level L3/4, FSS displayed better results for maintaining and increasing posterior disc heights. At the L4/5 level in extension and lateral bending, FSS was better than ISDD, with comparable results observed in other motions. Comparing the posterior and lateral disc heights, FSS appeared to be more effective than ISDD. FSS also had a minor effect on the inferior adjacent segment than ISDD. FSS was more effective in reducing IDP than ISDD in extension.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Through the finite element analysis study, it can be seen that FSS demonstrates more beneficial biomechanical outcomes than does ISDD, such as being more effective in resisting extension, maintaining and increasing lumbar disc heights and reducing the inferior adjacent IDP in extension.</p>

Correlation between peripheral nerve injury and evoked electroneurographic changes in early stage / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: The injury of peripheral nerve may cause electroneurographic changes. However, what is the correlation between electroneurographic changes and the extent of nerve injury?OBJECTIVE: To probe into the changes of evoked electroneurography in early stage after nerve injury for clinical application and reference.DESIGN: Paired t-test in three groups of samples.SETTING: Department of Traumatic Orthopaedics People' s Hospital of Beijing University.MATERIALS:The trial was conducted in the Animal Center of the People's Hospital of Beijing University from August 2003 to December 2003. The subjects were 8 adult New Zealand rabbits of SPF grade(weighing 1.5 kg) and either gender from the Animal Center of Medical College of Beijing University.METHODS:The model of nerve injury was made in the 16 tibial nerves of the 8 rabbits, in which one third or two thirds of each nerve was ligated at the same transverse part. The samples were thus divided into three groups: non-injury (normal) group, 1/3 nerve injury group and 2/3 nerve injury group.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The indices of evoked electroneurography, i. e. motor nerve condution velocity, negative M wave amplitude, negative M wave area, maximal M wave amplitude and maximal M wave area were measured in the three groups. The correlation between the extent of nerve injury and the 5 indices was analyzed.RESULTS: All the 5 indices of the 3 groups were significantly different( P＜ 0.05). The mean values of the 5 indices were 1.00 ±0.0,0.97 ±0.18,1.01 ±0.22;0.98 ±0.16 and 0.98 ±0.19 in normal group, 0.76 ±0.12,0.41 ± 0.24, 0.47 ± 0.30, 0.48 ± 0.27 and 0.50 ± 0.29 in 1/3 nerve injury group, and 0. 62±0. 10, 0. 11 ±0. 11, 0. 11 ±0. 10, 0. 12 ±0. 14 and 0.13± 0. 12 in 2/3 nerve injury group. The coefficient of correlation between the 5 indices and the injury were 0. 902, 0. 938, 0. 936, 0. 907, and 0. 914, respectively.CONCLUSION: In the early stage after peripheral nerve injury, the electroneurographic indices negatively correlate with the extent of nerve injury. The negative M wave amplitude and area are relatively more closely correlated with the extent of injury.