Vacunación frente al virus del herpes zóster / Vaccination against the herpes zoster virus

Objetivo: Revisar las últimas evidencias publicadas respecto a la vacuna utilizada en nuestro país frente al virus del herpes zóster, desglosadas por eficacia, eficiencia, efectividad y seguridad vacunal. Incluir las recomendaciones vacunales actuales. Diseño: Revisión secundaria. Revisión cualitativa descriptiva. Revisión con el término de búsqueda de «vacuna herpes zóster» y «vacuna recombinante adyuvada de subunidades HZ/su». Estudio observacional retrospectivo. Fuentes de datos: Embase, Medline y Google Scholar. Selección de estudios: Criterio de búsqueda con los términos «Shingrix vaccine» y «Adjuvanted Herpes Zoster Subunit Vaccine». Periodo de búsqueda 2013-2023. Se seleccionaron los estudios tipificados como ensayos clínicos o ensayos clínicos randomizados. Se evaluaron 21 estudios publicados. No hubo exclusiones. Resultados: Los estudios evaluados se mostraron coherentes y en todos ellos la eficacia en personas adultas tanto para prevenir la reactivación viral como para evitar complicaciones estuvo por encima del 80%. La efectividad vacunal con 2 dosis también se mostró estar por encima del 80%. Los estudios coste/efectividad fueron siempre favorables en personas adultas, pacientes inmunodeprimidos y personas con enfermedad crónica. La seguridad de la vacuna fue evaluada en los estudios pivotales y en los estudios poscomercialización realizados (aún escasos por el corto periodo de tiempo estudiado). El perfil de seguridad de la vacuna es muy alto, y en el caso de los efectos adversos graves su frecuencia fue similar a placebo. Conclusiones: Disponemos de una vacuna efectiva y segura frente al virus del herpes zóster, que nos permite proteger a los grupos de población más vulnerables frente al virus.(AU)

Objective: To review the latest published evidence on the vaccine used in our country against the herpes zoster virus, breaking down the results according to the efficacy, efficiency, effectiveness and safety of the vaccine. Include the current recommendations for vaccination. Design: Secondary review. Descriptive qualitative review. Review using the search term “herpes zoster vaccine” and “Adjuvanted recombinant Herpes Zoster subunit vaccine”. Retrospective observational study. Data sources: Embase, Medline and Google Scholar. Selection of studies Search criterion with the terms “Shingrix vaccine” and “Adjuvanted Herpes Zoster Subunit Vaccine”. Search period 2013-2023. Studies classified as clinical trials or randomized clinical trials were selected. 21 published studies were evaluated. There were no exclusions. Results: The evaluated studies were found to be coherent and in all of them efficacy in adult individuals in preventing viral reactivation and in preventing complications was higher than 80%. The effectiveness of the vaccine after two doses was also higher than 80%. Cost-effectiveness studies were always favourable in adults, immunodepressed patients and individuals with chronic pathology. The safety of the vaccine was evaluated in the pivotal studies and in the post-commercialization studies that were undertaken (although there were few of the latter due to the short period of time studied). The safety profile of the vaccine is very high and in the case of severe adverse effects, their frequency was similar to that of a placebo. Conclusions: We have a safe and effective vaccine against the herpes zoster virus that allows us to protect the most vulnerable population groups against this virus.(AU)

[Vaccination against the herpes zoster virus]. / Vacunación frente al virus del herpes zóster.

OBJECTIVE: To review the latest published evidence on the vaccine used in our country against the herpes zoster virus, breaking down the results according to the efficacy, efficiency, effectiveness and safety of the vaccine. Include the current recommendations for vaccination. DESIGN: Secondary review. Descriptive qualitative review. Review using the search term "herpes zoster vaccine" and "Adjuvanted recombinant Herpes Zoster subunit vaccine". Retrospective observational study. DATA SOURCES: Embase, Medline and Google Scholar. Selection of studies Search criterion with the terms "Shingrix vaccine" and "Adjuvanted Herpes Zoster Subunit Vaccine". Search period 2013-2023. Studies classified as clinical trials or randomized clinical trials were selected. 21 published studies were evaluated. There were no exclusions. RESULTS: The evaluated studies were found to be coherent and in all of them efficacy in adult individuals in preventing viral reactivation and in preventing complications was higher than 80%. The effectiveness of the vaccine after two doses was also higher than 80%. Cost-effectiveness studies were always favourable in adults, immunodepressed patients and individuals with chronic pathology. The safety of the vaccine was evaluated in the pivotal studies and in the post-commercialization studies that were undertaken (although there were few of the latter due to the short period of time studied). The safety profile of the vaccine is very high and in the case of severe adverse effects, their frequency was similar to that of a placebo. CONCLUSIONS: We have a safe and effective vaccine against the herpes zoster virus that allows us to protect the most vulnerable population groups against this virus.

[Infectious Disease Prevention Group: Update on vaccines, 2022]. / Prevención de las enfermedades infecciosas. Actualización en vacunas PAPPS 2022.

The update of the preventive activities for this year 2022 in the field of infectious diseases is of special relevance due to the importance that prevention has gained and more specifically, vaccination as a tool to control the pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus declared on March 11, 2020. The pandemic has focused much of the prevention efforts on its containment, but the importance of maintaining high vaccination coverage of the rest of the recommended vaccines to maintain good control of vaccine-preventable diseases and avoid complications in particularly vulnerable patients should not be forgotten. In this year's review we present a practical document with the aim of providing tools to primary care professionals who work with adults, to make the indication of each vaccine whether it is systematically recommended or if it is because the patient belongs to some risk group due to their condition or underlying pathology. In this way, throughout the document, we will comment on the most innovative aspects of systematic vaccination (flu, pneumococcus, meningococcal vaccines and vaccines against the human papillomavirus [HPV]), the new vaccines (pandemic vaccines against COVID-19, vaccines against herpes zoster of subunits, vaccines against monkeypox) and the recommended vaccines according to risk condition (pregnancy and lactation, travelers, patients with immunosuppression or underlying pathology).

[Infectious Disease Prevention Group. Update on vaccines, 2020]. / Prevención de las enfermedades infecciosas. Actualización en vacunas, 2020.

Vaccine development is one of the fastest growing sectors in medicine now and in the future, as we are living with the emergency health care for the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. The semFYC PAPPS program biannually publishes the recommendations of the group and, in this edition, special emphasis is placed on the common vaccination proposed by the Ministry of Health, where, at last, it no longer discriminates between paediatrics and adults, and proposes a calendar throughout life. The main novelties in the field of vaccinology today are focused on the consolidation of the nonavalent vaccine against the human papilloma virus and in the change of the dose of monovalent meningitis vaccine C for the tetravalent one, ACWY, at age 12. The pandemic we are experiencing has led to the postponement of most preventive activities. On the return to «normality¼, the vaccination calendar must be examined, and completed if necessary.

Cobertura vacunal en profesionales sanitarios / Vaccination coverage in health professionals

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Actuaciones inadecuadas en vacunación de adultos / Inappropriate actions in adult vaccination

Las vacunas constituyen uno de los pilares fundamentales de salud pública, mejorando la calidad y la esperanza de vida de las personas. El calendario vacunal debe extenderse a toda la vida de una persona y en los últimos años la vacunación del adulto se ha hecho más compleja y requiere un mayor conocimiento del mismo. El papel del personal sanitario de atención primaria resulta fundamental para conseguir mejorar las coberturas vacunales dada la cercanía y confianza del paciente. Es importante conocer las recomendaciones en materia de vacunación por motivos de edad, patología de base, circunstancias laborales o cualquier otro factor que pueda poner en riesgo la salud y sea prevenible mediante vacunación y a la vez tener criterios claros de qué no se debe hacer en este campo. Un exceso en vacunación puede suponer un riesgo para la salud del paciente y un despilfarro de recursos

Vaccines constitute one of the main foundations of the public health system, improving the quality and life expectancy of people. The vaccination calendar must be extended to the whole life of a person and in recent years the vaccination of the adult has become more complex and requires a greater knowledge of it. The role of primary care health is essential in order to improve vaccination coverage given the patient's closeness and trust. It is important to know the recommendations on vaccination for reasons of age, underlying pathology, work circumstances or any other factor that may endanger health and be preventable by vaccination and at the same time have clear criteria of what should not be done in this countryside. An excess in vaccination can pose a risk to the health of the patient and a waste of resources

[Inappropriate actions in adult vaccination]. / Actuaciones inadecuadas en vacunación de adultos.

Vaccines constitute one of the main foundations of the public health system, improving the quality and life expectancy of people. The vaccination calendar must be extended to the whole life of a person and in recent years the vaccination of the adult has become more complex and requires a greater knowledge of it. The role of primary care health is essential in order to improve vaccination coverage given the patient's closeness and trust. It is important to know the recommendations on vaccination for reasons of age, underlying pathology, work circumstances or any other factor that may endanger health and be preventable by vaccination and at the same time have clear criteria of what should not be done in this countryside. An excess in vaccination can pose a risk to the health of the patient and a waste of resources.

Prevención de las enfermedades infecciosas. Actualización PAPPS en vacunas 2018 / No disponible

No disponible

Prevención de las enfermedades infecciosas / No disponible

No disponible

Prevención de las enfermedades infecciosas / Prevention of infectious diseases

No disponible