Analysis of risk factors for laboratory-acquired brucella infections.

The aim of the study was to determine the risk factors for acquiring brucella infection among healthcare workers (HCWs). The study was performed in Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Turkey, before the introduction of Biosafety III measures. A questionnaire was given to HCWs, who were at risk of brucella infection. Twelve HCWs with brucella infection were detected, an incidence of 8% per employee-year. A multivariate analysis of risk factors in seven of the cases and 48 control HCWs was performed. Male physicians were found to be associated with a higher risk of acquiring brucella infection [odds ratio, 25.3; confidence interval (CI), 2.3-283.7; P=0.008]. Using gloves was found to be protective (odds ratio, 0.02; CI, 0.008-0.4; P=0.017).

Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance among gram-negative isolates from intensive care units in eight hospitals in Turkey.

With the participation of eight major reference hospitals in Turkey, 749 aerobic Gram-negative isolates obtained from 473 intensive care patients in 1997 were tested for their susceptibility to 13 commonly employed antibacterial agents. The frequency with which species were isolated and resistance rates were compared with data from the previous 2 years. Imipenem was the most active agent against the majority of isolates (75%), followed by ciprofloxacin, cefepime and amikacin. The per cent susceptibility to all antibiotics declined from 1995 to 1996. With the exception of imipenem, for which there was no change in resistance, the per cent susceptibility somewhat increased in 1997. However, it was still lower than in 1995.

[The effect of the inoculum concentration on the in vitro sensitivity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa]. / Pseudomonas aeruginosa'ya karsi in vitro antibiyotik hassasiyet çalismalarinda inokulum konsantrastrasyonunun etkisi.

Using a broth microtiter dilution method, the minimum inhibitory concentrations of antipseudomonal antibiotics were determined against 19 P. aeruginosa isolates. Two different concentration of inoculum, 10(5) and 10(8), were used to show the inoculum concentration effect of in vitro antibiotic susceptibility tests. On the basis of the MIC values and using Howard B.J. (1) breakpoints, the effect of inoculum density was most prominent for amikacin and aztreonam, intermediate for mezlocillin, ticarcillin, piperacillin, cefotaxime, cefoperazone, netilmicin, tobramycin, gentamicin, and least apparent for ciprofloxacin and carbenicillin respectively.