RESUMO
Germband retraction in Drosophila melanogaster, like most embryonic morphogenetic events in this organism and in higher eukaryotes, is not well understood. We have taken several approaches to study the relationships between previously identified mutations (u-shaped, serpent, hindsight and tailup) that selectively cause germband retraction defects in homozygous embryos, and a more pleiotropically acting locus, DER/faint little ball. Our observations from genetic, immunohistochemical, and embryo culture experiments suggest that the former four loci are elements of at least two parallel and partially redundant cellular pathways that affect germband retraction by acting in amnioserosal development or maintenance. An additional discrete and unique pathway, represented by DER/faint little ball, is likely to function in the germband itself. While the role of the amnioserosa during germband retraction appears to be permissive, the action of DER in the germband may be mediated by the cytoskeleton.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Drosophila , Drosophila melanogaster/embriologia , Morfogênese/fisiologia , Proteínas Quinases , Animais , Colchicina/farmacologia , Citocalasina D/farmacologia , Citoesqueleto/metabolismo , Receptores ErbB/genética , Receptores ErbB/metabolismo , Imuno-Histoquímica , Modelos Genéticos , Mutação/genética , Fenótipo , Receptores de Peptídeos de Invertebrados/genética , Receptores de Peptídeos de Invertebrados/metabolismoAssuntos
Poluentes Ocupacionais do Ar/análise , Amidinas/urina , Clorfenamidina/urina , Adulto , Idoso , Humanos , Israel , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Our experience concerns 36 infants ventilated for bronchiolitis over the last five years. Among the infants admitted in the pediatric department during the same period 11% have been ventilated. Their age ranged between 1.5 and 49.5 weeks (mean 9.2 weeks) and their weight between 2,700 and 8,000 g (mean 3,841 g). Fourteen were premature born infants. 16 patients have been intubated for apneas, 13 for clinical deterioration and 10 for hypercarbia. The duration of ventilation ranged between 1 and 18 days (mean 6.5 days). No death occurred. Neither neurological nor respiratory sequelae could be related to ventilation. Mechanical ventilation is a safe method able to suppress mortality in infants bronchiolitis.
Assuntos
Bronquiolite Viral/terapia , Respiração Artificial , Bronquiolite Viral/microbiologia , Feminino , Imunofluorescência , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Respiração com Pressão Positiva , Respiração Artificial/métodos , Vírus Sinciciais Respiratórios/isolamento & purificação , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
Dental status and dental needs of a geriatric population were evaluated among 304 elderly people living in old age homes and in their own homes in Jerusalem, Israel. A total of 181 people (59.5%) were edentulous in both jaws and an additional 3% were edentulous in one jaw. Almost all dentures (95%) were considered to be unsatisfactory. In all, 1809 h were found to be necessary for treating cavities and prosthetic needs of this population and an additional 214 h for periodontal treatment which did not include surgery. In conclusion the dental status of this population was poor and dental needs were high. Since dental treatment is so expensive it is believed that this population would receive almost no treatment but for the future emphasis should be put into primary and secondary prevention from very young ages so that needs of this population as they get older would dramatically decrease as compared to the need of this study population.