[Studies of the radiation-protective effects of indralin on the hematopoietic system of different species of animals]. / Issledovanie radiozashchitnogo éffekta indralina na krovetvornoi sisteme u razlichnykh vidov zhivotnykh.

The experiments were made on mice, guinea pigs and dogs. Radioprotector indraline increased radioresistant state of hematopoietic stem cells in vivo and in vitro, decreased the amount of post-radiation chromosome aberrations in marrow, induced more early and intensive post-radiation proliferative repair of marrow and spleen, faster regeneration of the initial amount of leukocytes, thrombocytes and erythrocytes in blood of mice, guinea pigs and dogs. Antiradiation efficiency of indraline in hematopoietic system is equal to 1.5-2 by FMD. Radioprotective mechanism of indraline effect on hematopoietic system is discussed.

[Reaction of various components of the erythrocyte system to periodic action of submaximal loads]. / Reaktsii nekotorykh zven'ev sistemy krasnoi krovi na periodicheskoe deistvie submaksimal'nykh peregruzok.

During repeated exposures of rats to hypergravity two stages of catabolic and adaptive developments in red blood were distinguished. The first stage that lasted about a week was characterized by decrease of resistance and hemolysis of red blood cells, hemosiderosis in the spleen, circulation hypoxia in the liver. The second stage was characterized by the predominance of adaptive processes, viz. increased activity of red blood cells, enhanced erythropoiesis in the spleen pulp, and appearance of highly active hepatocytes.

State of synapses of the cortex of cerebral hemispheres on gamma-irradiation.

In adult rats with developing neurological disorders we detected destructive changes in most of the synapses of the brain sensorimotor cortex 1.6-4.3 h after a single dose of gamma-irradiation (200 Gy). All functionally important parts on the axonal and dendritic sides of the synapses had undergone changes: mitochondria, synaptic vesicles, pre- and postsynaptic membranes, synaptic complexes, and subsynaptic consolidations, axonal and dendritic plasma, and their inclusions. These changes possibly cause disconnection of the neurons and provide a structural basis for neurological deficiencies following a high substantial ionizing radiation.

[Synaptic function of the cerebral cortex in gamma irradiation]. / Sostoianie sinapsov kory bol'shikh polusharii golovnogo mozga pri gamma-obluchenii.

In adult rats 1.6 to 4.3 hrs after a single dose of gamma-irradiation (200 Gy), with developing neurological disorders, destructive changes were found in most of the synapses of brain sensorimotor cortex. All functionally important parts on the axonal and dendritic sides of the synapses were altered: mitochondria, synaptic vesicles, pre- and postsynaptic membranes, synaptic complexes and subsynaptic consolidations axonal and dendritic plasma and their incorporations. These changes are possibly causing the neurons disconnection and provide a structural basis for neurological deficits after substantial ionizing irradiation.

[Roentgenological and pathomorphological changes in the canine heart during 6-months hypokinesia]. / Rentgenologicheskie i patomorfologicheskie izmeneniia v serdtse sobak pri shestimesiachnoi gipokinezii.

The effect of 6-month hypokinesia on the cardiac function and pathomorphological changes in 8 dogs was investigated. The heart size during systolic and diastolic contractions, stroke volume and contractile function were measured once a month, using an X-ray unit and a kymograph. After the hypokinetic exposure 6 dogs were sacrificed and their hearts were examined morphologically and histochemically. The recovery processes were investigated on 2 other dogs that were allowed to survive for 30 days after exposure. The 6-month hypokinesia led to a significant decrease in the heart size, stroke volume, cardiac index, and the contractile function. Post-mortem morphological examinations revealed atrophic changes in the myocardium. Electron-microscopy investigations demonstrated focal destructive changes in myofibers and in mitochondria: some of them were denser while others had a more transparent matrix and degraded crystae. Histochemical data (increased acid and alkaline phosphatase) also suggested atrophic and destructive changes in the myocardium. The above changes did not return to normal within 30 days of the recovery period.

[Effect of long-term hypokinesia on the course of acute aseptic inflammation]. / Vliianie dlitel'noi gipokinezii na techenie ostrogo asepticheskogo vospaleniia.

White rats were kept under hypokinetic conditions for 15, 28 and 60 days. By physiological, microbiological and morphological methods it was demonstrated that hypokinesia had an adverse effect on the clinical development of aseptic inflammation. This effect included a more marked edema and its delayed resorption, an increased temperature of the inflammatory focus, an increased number of infectious complications, involving necrotic foci and ulcerations, enhanced alteration processes, inhibited formation of the demarcation zone, generalized inflammation, etc. Resistance to phlogogenic stimulation fell down to a minimum during the first two hypokinetic weeks; afterwards it gradually returned to normal but did not recover entirely even after 60 days of hypokinesia. Following 15- and 28-day hypokinetic experiments resistance to phlogogenic agents reached the pretest level within 7 days of the recovery period.

[Prolonged hypokinesia and its influence on the tissues and vessels of the extremities in experiments]. / Dlitel'naia gipokineziia i ee vliianie na tkani i sosudy konechnostei v éksperimente

The work describes the results of complex investigation of the state of the supporting-motor apparatus of extremities of dogs subjected to six-month-long restriction of motor activity and the following reparation during a month. Intravital rentgenological, anatomical, histochemical and electron microscopic methods were used. It was shown that continuous hypokinesia resulted in substantial alterations of the vascular bed in the macro-micro-ultrastructural level, disturbance of metabolism, focal reconstruction of tissues of the extremities by the type of natural death of ultrastructural elements without a following reparation. A one-month term appeared to be insufficient for reparation of structural disorders. Special attention was given to reactions of the vascular system. Signs of blood transport via extracapillary pathways from the arterial bed into the venous bed were noted.