Epidemiología de la neumonía adquirida en la comunidad en menores de 5 años en la Comunidad Valenciana / Epidemiology of community-acquired pneumonia in children aged lessthan 5 years old in the Autonomous Community of Valencia (Spain)

Objetivo: Estimar la incidencia, tratamiento y complicaciones de la neumonía adquirida en la Comunidad Valenciana. Métodos: Cohorte retrospectiva de 654 niños nacidos en 1995 y 1996 en Valencia, y seguidos durante los primeros 5 años de vida por 9 pediatras. Se obtuvo el número de neumonías, tratamiento, complicaciones e intervenciones requeridas. Resultados: Se encontraron 99 episodios de neumonía adquirida en la comunidad (NAC) en 80 pacientes (1,24 casos/niño), 51 casos (51,1 %) antes del tercer año y 38 entre el tercer y quinto año (38,4 %): 51 casos (51,5 %) fueron diagnosticados en atención primaria y 46 (46,5 %) en urgencia hospitalaria. En atención primaria, la media de visitas fue de 2,44, con un rango de 1 a 6. Todos fueron tratados con antibiótico. Los más utilizados fueron amoxicilina-ácido clavulánico (43,4 %) y cefuroxima (26,3 %). Catorce casos requirieron cambio a un segundo antibiótico. El 23 % de los casos ingresó en el hospital para tratamiento. Conclusión: La incidencia de NAC en nuestro medio en 30,3 casos/1.000 niños menores de 5 años/año (intervalo de confianza [IC] 95 %: 18,7-46,8). La incidencia de ingreso corresponde a 7,03 casos/1.000 niños menores de 5 años/ año

Objective: To assess the incidence of community acquired pneumonia in the Autonomous Community of Valencia in Spain, and describe its treatment and complications. Methods: A retrospective cohort comprising 654 children born in 1995 and 1996 in Valencia and followed-up during the first 5 years of life by nine pediatricians was studied. The number of cases of pneumonia, treatment, complications and interventions was recorded. Results: Ninety-nine episodes of community-acquired pneumonia in 80 children were recorded (1.24 cases/child). Fifty-one cases (51.1 %) occurred before the child's third birthday and 38 (38.4 %) occurred between the third and the fourth. Of the 99 cases, 51 were diagnosed in primary care and 46 in the emergency room. There was a mean of 2.44 visits per process in primary care (range 1-6). All the children were treated with antibiotics. The most frequently used were amoxicillin-clavulanate (43.3 %) and cefuroxime (26.3 %). Fourteen patients required a change of antibiotic. Twenty-three percent of the children were hospitalized. Conclusion: The incidence of community-acquired pneumonia in Valencia was 30.3 cases/1000 children aged less than 5 years/ year (95 % CI: 18.7-46.8), and the incidence of hospitalization was 7.03 cases/1000 children aged less than 5 years/year

[Epidemiology of community-acquired pneumonia in children aged less than 5 years old in the Autonomous Community of Valencia (Spain)]. / Epidemiología de la neumonía adquirida en la comunidad en menores de 5 años en la Comunidad Valenciana.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the incidence of community acquired pneumonia in the Autonomous Community of Valencia in Spain, and describe its treatment and complications. METHODS: A retrospective cohort comprising 654 children born in 1995 and 1996 in Valencia and followed-up during the first 5 years of life by nine pediatricians was studied. The number of cases of pneumonia, treatment, complications and interventions was recorded. RESULTS: Ninety-nine episodes of community-acquired pneumonia in 80 children were recorded (1.24 cases/child). Fifty-one cases (51.1 %) occurred before the child's third birthday and 38 (38.4 %) occurred between the third and the fourth. Of the 99 cases, 51 were diagnosed in primary care and 46 in the emergency room. There was a mean of 2.44 visits per process in primary care (range 1-6). All the children were treated with antibiotics. The most frequently used were amoxicillin-clavulanate (43.3 %) and cefuroxime (26.3 %). Fourteen patients required a change of antibiotic. Twenty-three percent of the children were hospitalized. CONCLUSION: The incidence of community-acquired pneumonia in Valencia was 30.3 cases/1000 children aged less than 5 years/ year (95 % CI: 18.7-46.8), and the incidence of hospitalization was 7.03 cases/1000 children aged less than 5 years/year.

[Pediatric morbidity in a health care center]. / Morbilidad pediátrica en un centro de salud.

We have evaluated the characteristics of the pediatric demand in a health center during one year. Data were obtained by statistical sampling. High-frequency consultation motives were administrative procedures and medical examinations. Acute respiratory tract infections are the most common acute pathology. Acute childhood diarrhoea, traumatisms and tuberculosis are high incidence pathologies.