RESUMO
Abstract NUMEN proposes cross sections measurements of Heavy-Ion double charge exchange reactions as an innovative tool to access the nuclear matrix elements, entering the expression of the life time of Neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ). A key aspect of the projectis the use at INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS) of the Superconducting Cyclotron (CS) for the acceleration of the required high resolution and low emittance heavy-ion beams and of MAGNEX large acceptance magnetic spectrometer for the detection of the ejectiles. The experimental measurements of double charge exchange reactions induced by heavy ions present a number of challenging aspects, since such reactions are characterized by very low cross sections. First experimental results give encouraging indication on the capability to access quantitative information towards the determination of the Nuclear Matrix Elements for 0νββ decay.
Resumen NUMEN propone mediciones de secciones eficaces de reacciones de intercambio de carga doble de iones pesados como una herramienta innovadora para acceder a los elementos de la matriz nuclear, entrando en la expresión del tiempo de vida de la desintegración beta doble sin neutrino (0νββ). Un aspecto clave del proyecto es el uso en INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS) del ciclotrón superconductor (CS) para la aceleración de los haces de iones pesados de alta resolución y baja emitancia requeridos y del espectrómetro magnético de gran aceptación MAGNEX para la detección de los residuos eyectados. Las mediciones experimentales de reacciones de intercambio de carga doble inducidas por iones pesados presentan una serie de aspectos desafiantes, ya que tales reacciones se caracterizan por secciones eficaces muy bajas. Los primeros resultados experimentales dan una indicación alentadora sobre la capacidad de acceder a información cuantitativa para la determinación de los Elementos de la Matriz Nuclear para la descomposición de 0νββ.
RESUMO
El uso de estrógeno en pacientes con Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico (LES) sigue siendo un tema en discusión, debido a los múltiples efectos que esta hormona puede tener en el sistema inmune; entre los cuales incluso se ha postulado un rol promotor de esta enfermedad. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 28 años con diagnóstico de LES, asociado a falla ovárica y osteoporosis en la cual se debe utilizar terapia de reemplazo hormonal (TRH) y se discuten sus posibles consecuencias.
Estrogen use in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is still a matter under discussion, due to the multiple effects that this hormone can have on the immune system; it has been postulated a promoter role of this disease. The case of a patient of 28 years with a diagnosis of SLE associated with ovarian failure and osteoporosis in which to use hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and its possible consequences are discussed is presented.
Assuntos
Humanos , Adulto , Feminino , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/fisiopatologia , Osteoporose/tratamento farmacológico , Terapia de Reposição Hormonal/efeitos adversosRESUMO
Mujer de 31 años con antecedentes de obesidad mórbida a, cirugía bariátrica, desnutrición severa crónica, laparotomía exploratoria por abdomen agudo séptico y trastorno hidroelectrolítico. Presento en su post quirúrgico (3er día) en la unidad de cuidados intensivos, Mielinolisis póntica central. Un hallazgo inusual en este caso, fue la ausencia de hiponatremia y/o su corrección brusca, quien comúnmente se asocia a esta enfermedad y a su pronóstico. Analizando todas sus comorbilidades y factores de riesgo, pensamos que existe evidencia que justifique su enfermedad. Según las fuentes revisadas (PubMed), es el primer caso reportado en América Latina. (AU)
A 31-year-old woman, with a history of morbid obesity, bariatric surgery, chronic severe malnutrition, exploratory laparotomy for acute abdomen and septic electrolyte disorder. In his post-surgical (Third day) at intensive care unit, presented central pontine myelinolysis. An unusual finding in this case was the absence of hyponatremia and I or its sharp correction, which is commonly associated with this disease and its prognosis. Analyzing all comorbidities and risk factors, we suspect, that there is evidence to support your disease. According to the sources reviewed (PubMed), is the first case reported in Latin America. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Reabilitação , Mielinólise Central da Ponte , Coma , HiponatremiaRESUMO
The aim of this study was to detect cross infections by Leishmania spp. and Trypanosoma spp. using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Thus, 408 blood samples were collected from dogs domiciled in Araçatuba Municipality, São Paulo State, Brazil; the dogs were of both sexes, of several breeds and aged 6 months. For Leishmania spp., 14.95% (61 out of 408) of dogs were reactive using IFAT. Positivity was 20.10% (82 out of 408) using ELISA and 29.66% (121 out of 408) using PCR, with significant differences for the sex and age of these animals (p < 0.05). For Trypanosoma spp., antibody occurrence using ELISA was 10.54% (43 out of 408), while PCR indicated 2.45% (10 out of 408) positive dogs. Using IFAT, 10.29% (42 out of 408) of animals were considered positive and only sex showed a significant difference (p < 0.05). In this study, 10.54% (43 out of 408) of animals were seropositive according to ELISA for Trypanosoma spp., of which 79.07% (34 out of 43) showed positive results in the molecular diagnosis for Leishmania spp., while of the 10.29% (42 out of 408) positive dogs according to IFAT, 95.24 % (40 out of 42) had confirmed infection by this parasite. The obtained results demonstrate evidence of cross infections by both protozoa in the animals analysed in this study.
Assuntos
Coinfecção/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/parasitologia , Leishmania/isolamento & purificação , Leishmaniose/veterinária , Trypanosoma/isolamento & purificação , Tripanossomíase/veterinária , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Coinfecção/epidemiologia , Doenças do Cão/epidemiologia , Cães , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/métodos , Feminino , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo/métodos , Humanos , Leishmaniose/complicações , Leishmaniose/epidemiologia , Masculino , Parasitologia/métodos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Prevalência , Tripanossomíase/complicações , Tripanossomíase/epidemiologiaRESUMO
We find that a common mutation that increases angiotensin I-converting enzyme activity occurs with higher frequency in male patients suffering from refractory temporal lobe epilepsy. However, in their brains, the activity of the enzyme is downregulated. As an explanation, we surprisingly find that carbamazepine, commonly used to treat epilepsy, is an inhibitor of the enzyme, thus providing a direct link between epilepsy and the renin-angiotensin and kallikrein-kinin systems.
Assuntos
Inibidores da Enzima Conversora de Angiotensina/farmacologia , Anticonvulsivantes/farmacologia , Carbamazepina/farmacologia , Epilepsia do Lobo Temporal/fisiopatologia , Peptidil Dipeptidase A/fisiologia , Alelos , Animais , Lobectomia Temporal Anterior , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Epilepsia do Lobo Temporal/genética , Epilepsia do Lobo Temporal/patologia , Epilepsia do Lobo Temporal/cirurgia , Genótipo , Humanos , Mutação INDEL , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Peptidil Dipeptidase A/genética , Polimorfismo Genético/genética , Lobo Temporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Lobo Temporal/patologiaRESUMO
La esclerosis mesangial difusa (EMD), se caracteriza por síndrome nefrótico (SN) de inicio precoz y rápida progresión a insuficiencia renal crónica terminal (IRCT); se presenta aislada o asociadad a pseudohermafroditismo masculino y/o tumor de Wilms, contituyendo el sindrome de Denys Drash (SDD. Se incluyeron los pacientes (p) con EMD, tratados en el servicio de nefrología del Hospital de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan desde diciembre 1989 hasta diciembre 2004. Se evaluaron edad, sexo, manifestaciones clínicas, terapéuticas y evolución. Resultados: 6p presentaron nefropatía aislada y 3p SDD. Al diagnóstico la edad x fue por 7.7 meses. Los 6p con EMD aislada fueron: 1 varón y 5 mujeres, 1 p presentó antecedentes familiares de SN y 3p signos extrarrenales. Los 3p con SDD tuvieron cariotipo masculino con genitales ambiguos. Tiempo de seguimiento 38 meses. Dos p recibieron albumina, 3p apoyo nutricional y enalapril. En el último control se constató: 1p abandonó tratamiento, 1 p falleció, 1p recibió apoyo nutricional y enalapril, 2p ingresaron en diálisis peritoneal crónica ambulatoria y 3p recibieron trasplante renal. Un paciente con tumor de Wilms bilateral se trató con quimioterapia y nefrectomía, luego de 80 meses tiene función renal normal y proteinuria. En 3p se realizó nefrectomía de riñones nativos, 2p con SDD presentaron restos nefrgénicos. Conclusiones: La edad al diagnóstico fue temprana. Las formas aisladas se asociaron con manifestaciones extrarrenales. la evolución a IRCT fue rápida. La sobrevida del paciente y del riñón fue similar a las de las otra patología. No se observó recidiva post trasplante renal
Assuntos
Lactente , Esclerose , Insuficiência Renal , Insuficiência Renal Crônica , Síndrome Nefrótica/diagnóstico , Tumor de WilmsRESUMO
La esclerosis mesangial difusa (EMD), se caracteriza por síndrome nefrótico (SN) de inicio precoz y rápida progresión a insuficiencia renal crónica terminal (IRCT); se presenta aislada o asociadad a pseudohermafroditismo masculino y/o tumor de Wilms, contituyendo el sindrome de Denys Drash (SDD. Se incluyeron los pacientes (p) con EMD, tratados en el servicio de nefrología del Hospital de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan desde diciembre 1989 hasta diciembre 2004. Se evaluaron edad, sexo, manifestaciones clínicas, terapéuticas y evolución. Resultados: 6p presentaron nefropatía aislada y 3p SDD. Al diagnóstico la edad x fue por 7.7 meses. Los 6p con EMD aislada fueron: 1 varón y 5 mujeres, 1 p presentó antecedentes familiares de SN y 3p signos extrarrenales. Los 3p con SDD tuvieron cariotipo masculino con genitales ambiguos. Tiempo de seguimiento 38 meses. Dos p recibieron albumina, 3p apoyo nutricional y enalapril. En el último control se constató: 1p abandonó tratamiento, 1 p falleció, 1p recibió apoyo nutricional y enalapril, 2p ingresaron en diálisis peritoneal crónica ambulatoria y 3p recibieron trasplante renal. Un paciente con tumor de Wilms bilateral se trató con quimioterapia y nefrectomía, luego de 80 meses tiene función renal normal y proteinuria. En 3p se realizó nefrectomía de riñones nativos, 2p con SDD presentaron restos nefrgénicos. Conclusiones: La edad al diagnóstico fue temprana. Las formas aisladas se asociaron con manifestaciones extrarrenales. la evolución a IRCT fue rápida. La sobrevida del paciente y del riñón fue similar a las de las otra patología. No se observó recidiva post trasplante renal
Assuntos
Lactente , Síndrome Nefrótica/diagnóstico , Insuficiência Renal , Insuficiência Renal Crônica , Esclerose , Tumor de WilmsRESUMO
La insuficiencia renal crónica es la complicación más grave del síndrome urémico hemolítico (SUH). En el año 1996 se publicó la secuencia histológica de su evolución en pacientes con períodos oligoanúricos prolongados. En los últimos años se han propuesto diferentes esquemas terapéuticos para enlentecer la evolución a la insuficiencia renal crónica terminal en distintas nefropatías, diabéticas y no diabéticas, cuya expresión puede comenzar aun en la adolescencia. En este trabajo se comenta la respuesta a dos esquemas terapéuticos de dos grupos de pacientes con SUH que presentaron proteinuria con o sin hipertensión arterial e insuficiencia renal. Se enfatiza la indicación de la dieta hiposódica y controlada en proteínas en el mismo momento del alta del paciente y la incorporación de un inhibidor de la enzima de conversión de angiotensina II, iECA, (enalapril) al comienzo de la aparición de la proteinuria.(AU)
Chronic renal failure (CRF) is the most severe complication of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). In 1996, the histological sequence of changes in patients with long lasting oligoanuric periods was clarified. In the last years different therapeutic schemes have been proposed in order to slacken the development of terminal CRF in different renal conditions secondary to diabetes and other diseases. Some of these cases can suffer the onset of renal failure at adolescence. In this review, response to two treatment schemes in different patients with HUS and proteinuria with or without hypertension or renal failure is commented. Early indication of poor sodium diet and strict control of protein intake at the very moment of hospital discharge is strongly recommended, as well as angiotensin II conversion inhibiting enzymes (iACE) at the appearance of proteinuria.(AU)
Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Humanos , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica/terapia , Falência Renal Crônica/terapia , Inibidores da Enzima Conversora de Angiotensina/uso terapêutico , Biópsia , Dieta Hipossódica , Seguimentos , Taxa de Filtração Glomerular/fisiologia , Glomerulosclerose Segmentar e Focal/fisiopatologia , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica/complicações , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica/fisiopatologia , Falência Renal Crônica/etiologia , Falência Renal Crônica/fisiopatologia , Prognóstico , Proteinúria/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
Paciente de 9 años, previamente sana, que ingresa en anasarca con síndrome nefrótico clínico y humoral, asociado a hipertensión arterial y microhematuria, con función renal normal y se comporta como corticorresistente. Se realiza 1º biopsia renal que informa glomerulonefritis proliferativa mesangial difusa con esclerosis focal y segmentaria. En tratamiento con ciclofosfamida y corticoides, presenta síndrome febril prolongado con anemia secundaria a crisis aplásica de la serie roja
Assuntos
Criança , Humanos , Feminino , Parvovirus B19 Humano , Infecções por Parvoviridae/patologia , Glomerulonefrite/patologia , Nefrite Intersticial/patologia , Rim/patologia , Parvovirus B19 Humano/ultraestrutura , Infecções por Parvoviridae/complicações , Glomerulonefrite/complicações , Nefrite Intersticial/virologia , Rim/ultraestrutura , Biópsia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Doença CrônicaRESUMO
Paciente de 9 años, previamente sana, que ingresa en anasarca con síndrome nefrótico clínico y humoral, asociado a hipertensión arterial y microhematuria, con función renal normal y se comporta como corticorresistente. Se realiza 1° biopsia renal que informa glomerulonefritis proliferativa mesangial difusa con esclerosis focal y segmentaria. En tratamiento con ciclofosfamida y corticoides, presenta síndrome febril prolongado con anemia secundaria a crisis aplásica de la serie roja, asociada con una infección aguda por parvovirus B19, e insuficiencia renal aguda secundaria a nefritis tubulointersticial severa. La PCR para parvovirus B19 DNA fue positiva en tejido renal y médula ósea. La paciente evoluciona a insuficiencia renal crónica terminal. No se puede descartar que desde su inicio, el síndrome nefrótico estuviera asociado al daño glomerular por la infección viral, que comenzó como síndrome nefrótico con componentes nefríticos y que evoluciona inesperadamente a una nefritis tubulointersticial. Este sería el primer caso en el que se documenta como causa de insuficiencia renal crónica terminal, un daño tubulointersticial secundario a parvovirus B19.
Assuntos
Criança , Humanos , Feminino , Glomerulonefrite/patologia , Rim/patologia , Nefrite Intersticial/patologia , Infecções por Parvoviridae/patologia , Biópsia , Doença Crônica , Glomerulonefrite/complicações , Rim/ultraestrutura , Nefrite Intersticial/virologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Infecções por Parvoviridae/complicações , /ultraestruturaRESUMO
La insuficiencia renal crónica es la complicación más grave del síndrome urémico hemolítico (SUH). En el año 1996 se publicó la secuencia histológica de su evolución en pacientes con períodos oligoanúricos prolongados. En los últimos años se han propuesto diferentes esquemas terapéuticos para enlentecer la evolución a la insuficiencia renal crónica terminal en distintas nefropatías, diabéticas y no diabéticas, cuya expresión puede comenzar aun en la adolescencia. En este trabajo se comenta la respuesta a dos esquemas terapéuticos de dos grupos de pacientes con SUH que presentaron proteinuria con o sin hipertensión arterial e insuficiencia renal. Se enfatiza la indicación de la dieta hiposódica y controlada en proteínas en el mismo momento del alta del paciente y la incorporación de un inhibidor de la enzima de conversión de angiotensina II, iECA, (enalapril) al comienzo de la aparición de la proteinuria.
Chronic renal failure (CRF) is the most severe complication of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). In 1996, the histological sequence of changes in patients with long lasting oligoanuric periods was clarified. In the last years different therapeutic schemes have been proposed in order to slacken the development of terminal CRF in different renal conditions secondary to diabetes and other diseases. Some of these cases can suffer the onset of renal failure at adolescence. In this review, response to two treatment schemes in different patients with HUS and proteinuria with or without hypertension or renal failure is commented. Early indication of poor sodium diet and strict control of protein intake at the very moment of hospital discharge is strongly recommended, as well as angiotensin II conversion inhibiting enzymes (iACE) at the appearance of proteinuria.
Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Humanos , Falência Renal Crônica/terapia , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica/terapia , Biópsia , Dieta Hipossódica , Seguimentos , Falência Renal Crônica/etiologia , Falência Renal Crônica/fisiopatologia , Glomerulosclerose Segmentar e Focal , Inibidores da Enzima Conversora de Angiotensina/uso terapêutico , Prognóstico , Proteinúria/fisiopatologia , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica/complicações , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica/fisiopatologia , Taxa de Filtração Glomerular/fisiologiaRESUMO
Background. Fulminant hepatic failure is the most serious complication of viral hepatitis. Although this event occurs rarely, it may be fatal. Aims. To evaluate the case fatality rate (several deaths divided by number of cases ×100) for each viral hepatitis type in Italy from 1995 to 2000. Patients. Acute hepatitis cases identified by the surveillance system for acute viral hepatitis, which covers approximately 58% of the Italian population. Results. Twenty-five deaths (0.1%) occurred among the 18 460 acute viral hepatitis cases observed from 1995 to 2000, a rate threefold lower than the 0.3% reported during the period 19851994. The highest case fatality rate (0.4%) was seen for acute hepatitis B (18 deaths among 4257 cases). Only one death (0.01%) occurred among the 11 063 acute hepatitis A cases and two deaths (0.1%) among the 1536 acute hepatitis C cases. No deaths were observed among the 309 acute hepatitis A cases superimposed on chronic HBsAg carriers and the 166 superimposed on chronic HCV carriers. Intravenous drug use (22.2% of cases) and other parenteral exposures (22.2% of cases) were the most frequent non-mutually exclusive sources of infection reported by subjects who died of acute hepatitis B. Conclusions. Analysis of surveillance system data from 1995 to 2000 indicates that, in Italy, deaths due to acute viral hepatitis are rare, but most commonly observed with acute hepatitis B. There is no evidence that acute hepatitis A may be fatal in chronic HBsAg or HCV carriers. The overall better survival rate may probably reflect improvements in the treatment of fulminant hepatitis in the last few years in Italy
Assuntos
Humanos , Hepatite A , Hepatite B , Hepatite C , Hepatite Viral Humana , Transplante de FígadoRESUMO
Travel to endemic areas is one of the most frequently reported risk factors for infection with the hepatitis A virus (HAV). We evaluated the association between HAV infection and travel, by area of destination. We conducted a case-control study on all cases of HAV infection reported to the Italian National Surveillance System for Acute Viral Hepatitis in the period 1996-2000. The study population consisted of 9695 persons with HAV infection (cases) and 2590 with HBV infection (controls). The risk of acquiring HAV was highest for travel to Asia, Africa and Latin America [Odds Ratio = 9.30 (95%CI = 6.71-12.9)]; a three-fold statistically significant excess of risk was found for travel to southern Italy (OR = 3.03) and to the Mediterranean Area and Eastern Europe (OR = 3.15). Travel was implicated in 28% of the cases of HAV infection. When stratifying the analysis by area of residence (northern and central Italy vs southern Italy and the Islands), the above-mentioned risks were confirmed only for those residing in northern and central Italy, with no significant risk for those residing in southern Italy and the Islands. Travel to areas endemic for HAV infection constitutes a considerable risk. Our results highlight the importance of developing health policies for improving environmental and hygienic conditions, as well as the prevention of certain eating habits. Vaccination before travelling to a medium or high endemic area could be a safe and effective means of preventing travel-related HAV infection
Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Epidemiologia , Hepatite A , Fatores de Risco , Controle Sanitário de ViajantesRESUMO
BACKGROUND: In 1991, compulsory hepatitis B virus vaccination and screening for anti-hepatitis C virus of blood banks were introduced in Italy.AIM: To evaluate the impact of preventive measures on the incidence and risk factors for parenterally transmitted viral hepatitis.METHODS: Data from the surveillance system for acute viral hepatitis for the period 1985-99 were used. Temporal trends in distribution of reported risk factors were analysed by comparing three-year periods: 1987-89 and 1997-99. RESULTS: The incidence (no. cases per 100,000 population) of hepatitis B was 12 in 1985 and 3 in 1999; the incidence of hepatitis non-A, non-B decreased from 5 to 1 in the same period. These decreases were more evident among young adults and before rather than after 1991. Multiple sexual partners, other parenteral exposures and dental treatment remain the most common risk factors for parenterally transmitted viral hepatitis. An increase in frequency over time was observed for other parenteral exposures, whereas a marked decrease was evident for blood transfusion and household contact with an HB-sAg carrier. Invasive medical procedures continue to represent an important source of infection. Intravenous drug use was reported particularly by young adults with non-A, non-B hepatitis, with increased frequency over time. CONCLUSIONS: Non-immunologic measures for preventing hepatitis B and non-A, non B due to iatrogenic and other parenteral exposures, combined with hepatitis B virus vaccination, could further reduce parenteral transmission
Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Doença Aguda , Transfusão de Sangue , Hepatite Viral Humana/epidemiologia , Hepatite Viral Humana/transmissão , Itália/epidemiologia , Vigilância da População , Fatores de Risco , Comportamento Sexual , Abuso de Substâncias por Via IntravenosaRESUMO
El cáncer capilar de tiroide(CaP)es el tumor tiroideo más frecuente en la población infanto-juvenil.Sin embargo no están definidos en este grupo etario los factores predictivos de agresividad.Estudiamos 24 pacientes con CaP entre 1988 y 1999,edades 4,2 a 20 años(19 mujeres,5 varones)En el mismo lapso se operaronn 20 pacientes con adenomas tiroideos,demostrando una altisíma frecuencia de malignidad del 55 por ciento dentro de las neoplasias tiroideas.Los pacientes fueron divididos en dos grupos según la edad al diagnóstico:G1<9 años,n=8 y G2>9 años,n=16.Evaluamos edad,sexo,tamaño del nódulo,adenopatías regionales,infiltración a tejidos vecinos,metástasis hematógenas a distancia,demora diagnóstica,función tiroidea,anticuerpos antitiroideos y tiroglobulina sérica.Conclusiones:la presencia de adenopatías regionales no modifica la evolución favorable del tumor.En cambio la infiltracíon a tejidos vecinos sería un dato clínico de gran peso como predictor de la presencia de metástasis a distancia.Nuestros datos apoyan la propuesta de una nueva estadificación del CaP unificando invasión local y metástasis pulmonares como estadío IV y establecen como los factores pronósticos adversos de mayor peso a la edad y a la invasión local.De esta forma,el exámen clínico permitiría la predicción de la metástasis pulmonares y adecuar el tratamiento a la agresividad del tumor
Assuntos
Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/cirurgia , Carcinoma Papilar/cirurgia , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , PediatriaRESUMO
El cáncer capilar de tiroide(CaP)es el tumor tiroideo más frecuente en la población infanto-juvenil.Sin embargo no están definidos en este grupo etario los factores predictivos de agresividad.Estudiamos 24 pacientes con CaP entre 1988 y 1999,edades 4,2 a 20 años(19 mujeres,5 varones)En el mismo lapso se operaronn 20 pacientes con adenomas tiroideos,demostrando una altisíma frecuencia de malignidad del 55 por ciento dentro de las neoplasias tiroideas.Los pacientes fueron divididos en dos grupos según la edad al diagnóstico:G1<9 años,n=8 y G2>9 años,n=16.Evaluamos edad,sexo,tamaño del nódulo,adenopatías regionales,infiltración a tejidos vecinos,metástasis hematógenas a distancia,demora diagnóstica,función tiroidea,anticuerpos antitiroideos y tiroglobulina sérica.Conclusiones:la presencia de adenopatías regionales no modifica la evolución favorable del tumor.En cambio la infiltracíon a tejidos vecinos sería un dato clínico de gran peso como predictor de la presencia de metástasis a distancia.Nuestros datos apoyan la propuesta de una nueva estadificación del CaP unificando invasión local y metástasis pulmonares como estadío IV y establecen como los factores pronósticos adversos de mayor peso a la edad y a la invasión local.De esta forma,el exámen clínico permitiría la predicción de la metástasis pulmonares y adecuar el tratamiento a la agresividad del tumor
Assuntos
Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Carcinoma Papilar/cirurgia , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/cirurgia , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , PediatriaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: A high cure rate may be attained for locally advanced, undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in children, provided that a combined modality of treatment is employed. Both local and systemic therapies are necessary. Results at a single pediatric institution were analyzed. METHODS: From November 1988 to December 1997, 16 consecutive patients were treated with NPC at the Hospital Garrahan in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The authors were able to evaluate 11 patients (9 boys and 2 girls); their median age was 12 (range, 8-14) years. Chemotherapy consisted of 3 courses, every 3 weeks, of 5-fluorouracil (500 mg/m(2)) plus bleomycin (15 mg/m(2)) daily for 4 days, with cisplatin (100 mg/m(2)) added the last day. External beam radiotherapy was delivered over a median of 52 (range, 45-63) days, to a median cumulative dose to the primary site of 55 (range, 50-61.2) grays (Gy). The median dose for the lower neck area was 45 (range, 45-55.8) Gy. All patients received radiotherapy to the primary site and to the initially involved lymphoid areas, with daily single doses of 1.8 Gy (5 of 7 days per week). RESULTS: The main symptoms at onset were cervical mass (100%), epistaxis (54%), cephalalgia (36%), and trismus (36%). All cases were Stage IV (American Joint Committee on Cancer and International Union Against Cancer TNM system). Complete response was achieved in 45% of patients after initial chemotherapy. With a median follow-up of 63 (range, 23-119) months, disease free survival (with standard error [SE]) and overall survival estimates were 61% (16%) and 91% (9%), respectively, at 75 months. Acute toxicity due to therapy was tolerable. Chronic sinusitis (73%), hypothyroidism (73%), and mild (64%) or moderate (9%) neck fibrosis were detected at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Although this series is small, the authors concluded that NPC patients have a good chance of survival in the setting described, in spite of locally advanced disease. Chemotherapy might be useful in preventing the development of systemic metastases.
Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Carcinoma/terapia , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/terapia , Radioterapia de Alta Energia , Adolescente , Bleomicina/administração & dosagem , Carcinoma/patologia , Carcinoma/virologia , Criança , Cisplatino/administração & dosagem , Terapia Combinada , Feminino , Fluoruracila/administração & dosagem , Herpesvirus Humano 4/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/patologia , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/virologia , Indução de Remissão , Análise de SobrevidaRESUMO
The clinical presentation of Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) and it's association with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) varies in different geographic areas, BL in developing countries being "intermediate" between the sporadic and endemic types, both in it's clinical presentation and it's association with EBV, which varies from 25-80%. In this study we have analysed the clinical features, EBV association, subtype and prevalence of the deleted variant of the Latent Membrane Protein-1 (LMP-1) of EBV in forty-two cases from two developing countries- India (n = 25) and Argentina (n = 17). In both countries the abdomen was the site most commonly involved while jaw involvement was rare. EBV was detected by in-situ hybridization using the EBER-1 RNA probe. 47% of cases from Argentina and 80% of cases from India were EBER positive. EBV typing using EBNA-3C primers showed a predominance of Type A in both countries (India-13/16 and Argentina-(7/8)). The 30bp deletion of the LMP-1 gene was detected in all evaluated cases from Argentina while the wild type of the gene was seen in all the evaluable Indian cases. Our study highlights the similarities and differences in the clinical presentation and EBV association of BL in two developing countries and also indicates that the subtype of EBV and prevalence of the LMP-1 deletion may reflect the predominant subtype in a particular population.
Assuntos
Linfoma de Burkitt/virologia , Herpesvirus Humano 4 , Adolescente , Adulto , Argentina/epidemiologia , Linfoma de Burkitt/epidemiologia , Linfoma de Burkitt/patologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , DNA Viral/sangue , Países em Desenvolvimento , Feminino , Secções Congeladas , Herpesvirus Humano 4/classificação , Herpesvirus Humano 4/genética , Humanos , Imunofenotipagem , Índia/epidemiologia , Lactente , Masculino , Proteínas da Matriz Viral/genéticaRESUMO
Infection is a frequent complication in patients following liver transplantation, and mycotic etiology is the third most common cause. Thrombosis of the hepatic artery is a high-risk condition for the graft and is generally secondary to noninfectious diseases. We present a 2-year-old child who developed hepatic artery obstruction due to Mucor sp. The child did not respond to medical treatment. We conclude that a high index of suspicion and rapid diagnosis are required so that aggressive and early treatment can be initiated. To our knowledge this is the first case published with this particular association.