Cross-cultural adaptation of the Activities of Daily Living Questionnaire-Brazil in Parkinson's disease.

BACKGROUND: Culturally adapted measures to assess the performance of activities of daily living (ADL) in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) are limited in Brazil. OBJECTIVE: To adapt the ADL Questionnaire to the Brazilian culture and to analyze its reproducibility in individuals with PD. METHODS: The ADL Questionnaire was translated and cross-culturally adapted to Brazilian Portuguese language. Reproducibility was analyzed using test-retest reliability and agreement values. The test-retest reliability of the individual items and total scores were calculated. The limits of agreement were verified using the Bland-Altman plot. The standard error of measurement (SEM) and the minimum detectable change (MDC) were calculated. Patients who were classified on a score of 1-4 on the modified Hoehn and Yahr scale were eligible. RESULTS: No divergence was identified between the original and the adapted version, which demonstrated adequate semantic and conceptual equivalence. The Bland-Altman plot showed no systematic changes in the mean test-retest scores. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.98 (95% confidence interval [95%CI] 0.93-0.99), and all individual items showed good levels of reliability (>0.60). The SEM (SEM%) and MDC (MDC%) values were 3.0 (6.75%) and 8.2 (18.7%), respectively. These values are within the recommended values. CONCLUSIONS: The ADL-Brazil Questionnaire is a reliable instrument to be used for clinical and research purposes to assess self-perceptions of ADL performance in individuals with PD.

Cross-cultural adaptation of the activities of daily living questionnaire-Brazil in parkinson's disease / Adaptação transcultural do questionário de atividades de vida diária-Brasil para doença de parkinson

ABSTRACT Background: Culturally adapted measures to assess the performance of activities of daily living (ADL) in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) are limited in Brazil. Objective: To adapt the ADL Questionnaire to the Brazilian culture and to analyze its reproducibility in individuals with PD. Methods: The ADL Questionnaire was translated and cross-culturally adapted to Brazilian Portuguese language. Reproducibility was analyzed using test-retest reliability and agreement values. The test-retest reliability of the individual items and total scores were calculated. The limits of agreement were verified using the Bland-Altman plot. The standard error of measurement (SEM) and the minimum detectable change (MDC) were calculated. Patients who were classified on a score of 1-4 on the modified Hoehn and Yahr scale were eligible. Results: No divergence was identified between the original and the adapted version, which demonstrated adequate semantic and conceptual equivalence. The Bland-Altman plot showed no systematic changes in the mean test-retest scores. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.98 (95% confidence interval [95%CI] 0.93-0.99), and all individual items showed good levels of reliability (>0.60). The SEM (SEM%) and MDC (MDC%) values were 3.0 (6.75%) and 8.2 (18.7%), respectively. These values are within the recommended values. Conclusions: The ADL-Brazil Questionnaire is a reliable instrument to be used for clinical and research purposes to assess self-perceptions of ADL performance in individuals with PD.

RESUMO Antecedentes: Medidas adaptadas transculturalmente para avaliar o desempenho nas atividades de vida diária (AVD) em indivíduos com doença de Parkinson (DP) são limitadas no Brasil. Objetivo: Adaptar transculturalmente o Questionário AVD e analisar sua reprodutibilidade em indivíduos com DP. Métodos: O Questionário AVD foi traduzido e adaptado transculturalmente para o português do Brasil. A reprodutibilidade foi analisada usando a confiabilidade teste-reteste e os valores de concordância. A confiabilidade dos itens individuais e as pontuações totais foram calculadas. Os limites de concordância foram verificados usando o gráfico Bland-Altman. O erro padrão da medida (EPM) e a diferença mínima detectável (DMD) foram calculadas. Pacientes classificados nos estágios 1-4 da escala de Hoehn e Yahr foram elegíveis. Resultados: Não foi identificada divergência entre a versão original e a versão adaptada, que demonstrou equivalência semântica e conceitual adequada. O gráfico Bland-Altman não mostrou mudanças sistemáticas nas pontuações médias do teste-reteste. O coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (CCI) foi de 0,98 (intervalo de confiança de 95% [IC95%] 0,93-0,99) e todos os itens individuais apresentaram bons níveis de confiabilidade (>0,60). Os valores do EPM (EPM%) e DMD (DMD%) foram 3,0 (6,75%) e 8,2 (18,7%), respectivamente. Esses valores estão em conformidade com os valores recomendados. Conclusões: O Questionário AVD-Brasil é um instrumento confiável para uso clínico e de pesquisa para avaliar a autopercepção do desempenho nas AVD em indivíduos com DP.

Mirror therapy in upper limb motor recovery and activities of daily living, and its neural correlates in stroke individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Available literature indicates that 30-66% of stroke survivors present persistent upper limb impairment. Considering the importance of upper limb function for activities of daily living, it is necessary to investigate neurorehabilitation therapies that could improve the upper limb function. Among stroke complementary therapies, mirror therapy has shown promising results. Thus, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analyses was to review and synthesize clinical evidence on the use of mirror therapy on motor recovery of the upper limb and activities of daily living, and its neural correlates in stroke patients. The literature search was carried out in PubMed, ISI Web of Science, and Scopus databases. Twenty-nine studies met all the inclusion criteria. Two meta-analyses were conducted to compare mirror therapy with sham therapy on two general measures, upper limb assessment and activities of daily living. Results suggest that mirror therapy was better than sham therapy, mainly in the subacute phase, but the meta-analyses were nonsignificant. In addition, mirror therapy and cortical reorganization showed potential neural correlates, such as the primary motor cortex, precuneus, and posterior cingulate cortex.