The Utilization and Potential of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Therapy in Individuals Diagnosed with Acute Coronary Syndrome.

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) poses a significant threat to health and well-being, although percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is an effective treatment method. However, many patients undergoing PCI for coronary heart disease often experience negative emotions such as depression and anxiety, as well as sleep disturbances, poor adherence to medications, and somatic symptoms. These adverse psychological effects can contribute to an increased risk of cardiovascular events. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), a highly effective mind-body therapy, has been increasingly utilized in the recovery process of patients with coronary heart disease. Several scholars have conducted mindfulness interventions for post-PCI patients with coronary heart disease and achieved promising outcomes. This article primarily focuses on applying mindfulness-based stress reduction in PCI patients with coronary heart disease and its future prospects.

Efficacy of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in the diagnosis of mediastinal and hilar lesions.

BACKGROUND: Mediastinal and hilar lesions may be benign or malignant. Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is increasingly used for the diagnosis of these lesions as it is both minimally invasive and safe. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy of EBUS-TBNA in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of mediastinal and hilar lesions. METHODS: A retrospective observational study was undertaken to investigate patients diagnosed with mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy based on imaging at our hospital from 2020 to 2021. After evaluation, EBUS TBNA was used and data including the puncture site, postoperative pathology, and complications were recorded. RESULTS: Data from 137 patients were included in the study, of which 135 underwent successful EBUS TBNA. A total of 149 lymph node punctures were performed, of which 90 punctures identified malignant lesions. The most common malignancies were small-cell lung carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. Forty-one benign lesions were identified, resulting from sarcoidosis, tuberculosis, and reactive lymphadenitis, amongst others. Follow-up findings showed that 4 cases were malignant tumors, with 1 case of pulmonary tuberculosis and 1 case of sarcoidosis). Four specimens where lymph node puncture was insufficient were subsequently confirmed by other means. The sensitivity of EBUS TBNA for malignant lesions, tuberculosis and sarcoidosis in mediastinal and hilar lesions was 94.7%, 71.4%, and 93.3%, respectively. Similarly, the negative predictive values (NPV) were 88.9%, 98.5%, and 99.2%, and the accuracy was 96.3%, 98.5%, and 99.3%. CONCLUSION: EBUS TBNA is an effective and feasible approach for the diagnosis of mediastinal and hilar lesions that is minimally invasive and safe.

Joint detection of miR-149-3p and hepcidin predicts the onset of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in obese patients.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a potentially fatal sleep respiratory disorder, and hepcidin has been found to be related with OSAS onset and severity. This study aimed to examine the serum expression of microRNA-149-3p (miR-149-3p) and hepcidin in OSAS patients, and evaluate the predictive value of miR-149-3p and hepcidin for OSAS occurrence in obese population. Methods: This study analyzed the data from 212 OSAS patients and 120 control individuals. OSAS severity was evaluated by apnea hypopnea index (AHI) from polysomnography. Serum miR-149-3p was examined using reverse transcription quantitative PCR, and hepcidin and inflammatory cytokines were measured using ELISA kits. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the predictive value of miR-142-3p and hepcidin for OSAS in obese population, and ROC curve was plotted to assess the predictive accuracy. Results: Serum miR-149-3p and hepcidin were increased in OSAS patients, especially in the severe cases, and had diagnostic potential to distinguish OSAS. High miR-149-3p and hepcidin were positively correlated with OSAS patients' inflammatory cytokines. Obese OSAS patients had the highest miR-149-3p and hepcidin levels, and the two molecules had predictive value of OSAS present in obese population, and the combination of miR-149-3p and hepcidin showed the highest predictive accuracy. Conclusion: Serum miR-149-3p and hepcidin levels were elevated in OSAS patients and correlated with disease severity and systemic inflammation. miR-149-3p and hepcidin levels have diagnostic value to distinguish OSAS, exhibited predictive value for OSAS in obese population, and the joint detection of the two molecules showed the highest predictive accuracy.

Comprehensive nursing intervention combined with early activityactivity applied in ventilator-associated pneumonia and its influence on blood gas index.

OBJECTIVE: To study the application effect of comprehensive nursing combined with early activityactivity in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and its influence on blood gas indexes of patients. METHODS: 100 patients with VAP admitted to our hospital from February 2018 to November 2019 were randomly selected and divided into control group and experimental group, with 50 patients in each group. Patients in the control group received routine nursing intervention with early activity, and patients in the experimental group received comprehensive nursing intervention with early activity. The incidence of adverse reactions, length of hospital stay, blood gas index, nursing efficiency, and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the incidence of adverse reactions, mental status scale in non-psychiatric settings (MSSNS) score and length of hospital stay in the experimental group were noticeably lower (P<0.05), while the partial arterial oxygen pressure (PaO2) and saturation of blood oxygen (SaO2) in the experimental group were higher (P<0.05), and the arterial partial pressure carbon dioxide (PaCO2) in the experimental group was significantly lower (P<0.05). Nursing efficiency in the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05). Experimental group exhibited higher satisfaction rate compared to the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Comprehensive nursing intervention combined with early activityactivity can significantly reduce the incidence of adverse reactions and hospital stay, improve the blood gas indicators of patients, and promote nursing efficiency.

Stochastic cusp catastrophe model and its Bayesian computations.

This paper revitalizes the investigation of the classical cusp catastrophe model in catastrophe theory and tackles the unsolved statistical inference problem concerning stochastic cusp differential equation. This model is challenging because its associated transition density hence the likelihood function is analytically intractable. We propose a novel Bayesian approach combining Hamiltonian Monte Carlo with two likelihood approximation methods, namely, Euler approximation and Hermite expansion. We validate this novel approach through a series of simulation studies. We further demonstrate potential application of this novel approach using the real USD/EUR exchange rate.