DPSCs regulate epithelial-T cell interactions in oral submucous fibrosis.

BACKGROUND: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a precancerous lesion characterized by fibrous tissue deposition, the incidence of which correlates positively with the frequency of betel nut chewing. Prolonged betel nut chewing can damage the integrity of the oral mucosal epithelium, leading to chronic inflammation and local immunological derangement. However, currently, the underlying cellular events driving fibrogenesis and dysfunction are incompletely understood, such that OSF has few treatment options with limited therapeutic effectiveness. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have been recognized for their anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrosis capabilities, making them promising candidates to treat a range of immune, inflammatory, and fibrotic diseases. However, the application of DPSCs in OSF is inconclusive. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the pathogenic mechanism of OSF and, based on this, to explore new treatment options. METHODS: A human cell atlas of oral mucosal tissues was compiled using single-cell RNA sequencing to delve into the underlying mechanisms. Epithelial cells were reclustered to observe the heterogeneity of OSF epithelial cells and their communication with immune cells. The results were validated in vitro, in clinicopathological sections, and in animal models. In vivo, the therapeutic effect and mechanism of DPSCs were characterized by histological staining, immunohistochemical staining, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. RESULTS: A unique epithelial cell population, Epi1.2, with proinflammatory and profibrotic functions, was predominantly found in OSF. Epi1.2 cells also induced the fibrotic process in fibroblasts by interacting with T cells through receptor-ligand crosstalk between macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF)-CD74 and C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4). Furthermore, we developed OSF animal models and simulated the clinical local injection process in the rat buccal mucosa using DPSCs to assess their therapeutic impact and mechanism. In the OSF rat model, DPSCs demonstrated superior therapeutic effects compared with the positive control (glucocorticoids), including reducing collagen deposition and promoting blood vessel regeneration. DPSCs mediated immune homeostasis primarily by regulating the numbers of KRT19 + MIF + epithelial cells and via epithelial-stromal crosstalk. CONCLUSIONS: Given the current ambiguity surrounding the cause of OSF and the limited treatment options available, our study reveals that epithelial cells and their crosstalk with T cells play an important role in the mechanism of OSF and suggests the therapeutic promise of DPSCs.

[The mediating effect of resilience on anxiety and subjective well-being in occupational population].

Objective: To explore the current situation of anxiety, subjective well-being in occupational population and the mediating effect of resilience. Methods: From March 24th to 26th, 2020, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among occupational population aged ≥18 years old using online questionnaires. A total of 2134 valid questionnaires were obtained, with respondents from 30 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government. Their general demographic data, subjective well-being, anxiety, and resilience were collected. Pearson χ(2) test and Spearson correlation analysis were used for data analysis, and structural equation model was used to explore the mediating effect of resilience on anxiety and subjective well-being. Results: The age of the respondents ranged from 18 to 60 years old, with an average age of (31.19±7.09) years old, including 1075 (50.4%) women and 1059 (49.6%) men. The positive rates of low subjective well-being and anxiety were 46.5% (992/2134) and 28.4% (607/2134), respectively. Anxiety scores were significantly negatively correlated with subjective well-being scores and resilience scores (r(s)=-0.52, -0.41, P<0.05), while resilience was significantly positively correlated with subjective well-being (r(s)=0.32, P<0.05). Structural equation models showed that anxiety had a negative predictive effect on subjective well-being, while resilience not only had a positive predictive effect on subjective well-being, but also played a mediating role between anxiety and subjective well-being, with a mediating effect of 9.9%. Conclusion: The situation of anxiety and well-being in the occupational population is still not optimistic, and resilience has a mediating effect between anxiety and subjective well-being.

[Current status of research on short-term urogenital function after transanal total mesorectal excision and laparoscopic total mesorectal excision].

Thanks to the new surgical approach, transanal total mesorectal excision (taTME) has a better operative field exposure than laparoscopic-assisted total mesorectal excision (laTME), especially for male patients with obesity, pelvic stenosis or prostate hypertrophy. Nevertheless, whether the urogenital function and quality of life after taTME are better as compared to laTME requires further study. According to the existing studies, taTME and laTME are not significantly different in symptoms of the urology system for male patients, but some large sample clinical studies show that the incidence of urethral mechanical injury after taTME is higher. Unfortunately, there is no elaboration on that for females. The sexual function of male patients after taTME and laTME is both impaired. The sexual function of male patients will be relieved to different degrees over time, but there is no significant difference. Compared with laTME, taTME shows advantages in the sexual function for female patients. There is no significant difference in short-term urogenital system function between taTME and laTME at present. As a new surgical approach, the impact on urogenital system function after taTME is acceptable. However, whether there is a significant difference in urogenital function between taTME and laTME needs further research. In addition, functional results still need comprehensive evaluation, and preoperative baseline evaluation also needs to be enhanced. The functional evaluation for male and female should be carried out separately rather than confused. Questionnaire for evaluation of functional results also needs to be verified.

[Interpretation of international expert consensus guidance on indications, implementation and quality measures for transanal total mesorectal excision].

In recent years, transanal total mesorectal excision (taTME) has been a hot spot in the field of colorectal surgery. Compared with the traditional laparoscopic technique, taTME has potential advantages in the treatment of rectal diseases. However, the procedural safety and effectiveness of taTME need further verification. In order to ensure the safe and standardized implementation of this procedure, the European Society of Coloproctology, together with 14 international academic organizations related to colorectal surgery and minimally invasive surgery, has developed the international expert consensus guidance on indications, implementation and quality measures for taTME. This paper introduces the background of the international consensus guidance, and interprets its core contents, including the surgical indications (complex pelvic conditions, malignant and benign rectal diseases), surgical quality and outcome evaluation, structured training, and expert center. It is expected to provide reference and guidance for Chinese colorectal surgery colleagues performing taTME.

[The development process and new requirements of structured training on transanal total mesorectal resection].

Due to the technical difficulty and long learning curve, the benefits of Transanal total mesorectal excision may be obscured by surgical complications that arise from rapid, large-scale development, therefore the surgeons need to receive sufficient training before performing this surgery. At present, a mature structured training system has been formed, but the development of structured training has not met the needs of existing surgical development. In order to standardize the development of transanal total mesorectal excision, the European Society of Colorectal Diseases and 14 international surgical societies recently launched the "International Expert Consensus Guidelines for the Indication, Implementation and Quality Evaluation of Transanal Total Mesorectum Resection". The consensus involves the requirements for trainees, the content and process of training, as well as the evaluation and registration of training results. Training in cadaver is the core of structured training. Beginners should receive repeated training and conduct the surgery under the guidance of instructors.

[CbCYP716A261, a New ß-Amyrin 28-Hydroxylase Involved in Conyzasaponin Biosynthesis from Conyza blinii].

Conyzasaponins produced by the traditional Chinese herb Conyza blinii are oleanane-type saponins with a wide range of biological activities. Here, we identified a gene, designated CbCYP716A261, encoding a ß-amyrin 28-hydroxylase in conyzasaponins biosynthesis. Ten full putative CYP sequences were isolated from Conyza blinii transcript tags. The CbCYP716A261 gene product was selected as the putative ß-amyrin 28-hydroxylase by phylogenetic analysis and transcriptional activity analysis of methyl jasmonate-treated Conyza blinii. To identify the enzymatic activity, we performed enzymatic activity experiments in vitro and in vivo. The HPLC results revealed that CbCYP716A261 catalyzes the hydroxylation of ß-amyrin at the C-28 position to yield oleanolic acid. Our findings provide new information about the conyzasaponin biosynthesis pathway and widen the list of isolated ß-amyrin 28-hydroxylases.

[Moderating effect of sense of coherence between occupational stress and depression].

Objective: To explore the moderating effect of sense of coherence in the relationship between occupational stress and depression. Methods: From June to September in 2018, migrant workers were purposively selected from the urban (including office buildings, shopping malls, barber shops or restaurants and other service enterprises) and suburban (including microelectronics, internet, clothing processing and art design and other factories) areas of Shanghai. A total of 3 034 people were investigated and 2 573 valid questionnaires were collected. Patient health questionnaire (PHQ), sense of coherence questionnaire (SOC) and job content questionnaire (JCQ) were used to investigate the levels depression, sense of coherence and occupational stress. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to analyze the moderating effect of sense of coherence on occupational stress and depression, and SPSS PROCESS macro program and Bootstrap method were used to further explore the moderating effect of sense of coherence. Results: The age of total 2 573 migrant workers was (28.24±7.33) years old and 49.79% of them were males. The scores of depression, occupational stress and sense of coherence were 6.67±4.74, 28.45±4.38 and 62.02±10.89, respectively. The depression level was positively correlated with occupational stress (r=0.33, P=0.007), and negatively correlated with sense of coherence (r=-0.53, P=0.003). The hierarchy regression analysis suggested that the interaction between occupational stress and sense of coherence was associated with depression symptom (ß=-0.07, P=0.001). Bootstrap analysis showed that occupational stress was not associated with depression symptom with high level of sense of sense of coherence (ß=0.04, 95%CI=-0.01-0.10), while occupational stress was associated with depression symptom with low level of sense of sense of coherence (ß=0.19, 95%CI=0.14-0.23). Conclusion: The high level of sense of coherence has a moderating effect on the relationship between occupational stress and depressive symptoms, while the low level of sense of coherence does not have this effect.

[Current status of research on short-term quality of life after sphincteric-saving surgery in rectal cancer patients].

Sphincteric-saving surgery (SSS) is currently a hot spot in the treatment of mid-low rectal cancer. Although it preserves the anatomical continuity of the colon and anus, the postoperative functional outcomes and quality of life (QOL) remains to be confirmed. Current studies have shown that quality of life worsens at the first month after surgery, improves within 3-6 months, and stabilizes at about 1 year. The QOL was associated with patient-related factors, tumor-related factors, treatment-related factors and postoperative complications. For patient-related factors, younger patients have worse role function and sexual function but better cognitive function and physical function. Male patients deteriorate significantly in sexual and social function. For tumor-related factors, patients with lower rectal cancer have poorer defecation function. Those with advanced rectal cancer are more likely to suffer from side-effects related to chemotherapy. For treatment-related factors, patients undergoing intersphincteric resection have worse role function, body image and sexual interest. Preventive ileostomy results in the deterioration of role function, body image and sexual interest. Chemotherapy causes taste changes and chest pain. For postoperative complication, patients with anastomotic leakage have worse bowel function and psychological state. Patients with major low anterior resection syndrome and genitourinary dysfunction have worse global health score, social function and role function. In conclusion, short-term quality of life after sphincteric-saving surgery is acceptable. To improve QOL, specific intervention and guidance should be given to patients in this stage. Meanwhile, since many factors influence the quality of life simultaneously, researchers are confused about the questionnaire outcomes. Therefore, more specific and comprehensive tools are needed to evaluate QQL after sphincteric-saving surgery.

Long noncoding RNA MIRG induces osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption in osteoporosis through negative regulation of miR-1897.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of long noncoding RNA (LncRNA) MIRG and its potential functions in regulating osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption function through modulating miR-1897 in bone marrow macrophages (BMMs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: qRT-PCR was performed to detect the expressions of MIRG and its co-expression mRNA NFATc1 at different stages during osteoclastogenesis. The CCK-8 assay was performed to evaluate cell proliferation and differentiation. The correlation between miR-1897 and MIRG was detected by statistical analysis. Bioinformatics and luciferase assay were performed to explore the interaction and binding site of MIRG and miR-1897. We also cloned the mice NFATc1 3'-UTR into the luciferase reporter vector and constructed miR-1897 binding mutants to validate the inhibited regulation of miR-1897 to the expression of NFATc1. RESULTS: Results showed that expressions of MIRG and NFATc1 were upregulated during osteoclastogenesis. qRT-PCR and CCK-8 assay showed that MIRG expression is associated with osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. The bioinformatics prediction and luciferase assay suggested that by interacting with miR-1897, MIRG acts as a molecular sponge for the miR-1897 target NFATc1, to partly modulate the inhibitory effect of miR-1897 on NFATc1. CONCLUSIONS: We found that lncRNA-MIRG was upregulated in osteoclasts, which could promote osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption function as a molecular sponge by modulating the inhibitory effect of miR-1897 on NFATc1.

[Screening of pathogenic genes in a Chinese familial dilated cardiomyopathy pedigree from Inner Mongolia].

Objective: Screen the pathogenic genes of a pedigree with clinical manifestation of familial dilated cardiomyopathy in Inner Mongolia. Methods: A total of 3 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and 20 family members from the same family were examined in Ordos Central Hospital in Inner Mongolia from October, 2003 to August, 2017. Data on medical history, physical examinations, electrocardiograms, and echocardiography were obtained. 5 ml peripheral blood was sampled for per person. Chip Capture Sequencing technology was used to capture all the exons and splice sites of the genes that associated with hereditary cardiomyopathy and hereditary arrhythmia. The mutations in these genes were detected by high-throughput sequencing. All suspected pathogenic loci identified by high-throughput sequencing were verified by Sanger sequencing used for mutation detection. One hundred and fifty gender, age and race matched healthy people were included as the control group. Results: Pathogenic gene variations were detected in 3 symptomatic family members and 1 carrier from the pedigree. Five pathogenic gene variations were identified in the proband (Ⅱ1), a pSer236Gly and a pArg215Cys variation in the MYBPC3 gene, a pGln90Arg variation in the DSP gene, and pAsn2912Asp and pGlu2910Val variation in the DMD gene. One pathogenic variation was detected in Ⅲ3, which was a pArg215Cys variation in the MYBPC3 gene. Two pathogenic variations were detected in Ⅲ7, a pSer236Gly variation in the MYBPC3 gene and a pGln90Arg variation in the DSP gene. Two pathogenic variations were detected in the Ⅳ7, a pSer236Gly variation in the MYBPC3 gene and a pGln90Arg variation in the DSP gene. No gene variation loci were detected in the other family members and the control group. Conclusion: MYBPC3 gene, DSP gene and DMD gene variations are present in the familial dilated cardiomyopathy pedigree from Inner Mongolia, and these variations may be related with familial dilated cardiomyopathy.

[A comprehensive evaluation of intervention effects on workplace health promotion in 10 government agencies].

Objective: To evaluate the comprehensive workplace health promotion intervention effects on workplace health promotion in 10 government agencies. Methods: A prospective self-controlled design was employed. Baseline evaluation and effectiveness evaluation were both conducted by questionnaire investigation. Results: The intervention results showed that most effectiveness indicators were significantly improved including health behaviors, psychosocial work environment, and health status. After the intervention, the prevalence of passive smoking and physical inactivity decreased from 70.3% and 38.7% to 44.1% and 30.5%, respectively. The scores of job control and social support at work increased by 0.30 and 0.05, respectively. The prevalence of good self-rated health and good mental health raised from 68.3% and 68.8% to 75.6% and 85.6%, respectively. However, the scores of job demand increased by 0.4. Furthermore, the prevalence of occupational stress increased significantly from 45.8% to 65.5%. Conclusion: After implementing workplace health promotion, the physical and mental health of the staff have been promoted. However, the occupational stress of government officials still need to be improved.

[Mediating effect of work engagement between job stress and depressive symptoms in State Grid employees].

Objective: To explore the relationship between job stress, work engagement and depressive symptoms of State Grid workers, and to analyze the mediating effect of work engagement between job stress and depressive symptoms. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate 845 employees from a State Grid company, using the brief job stress questionnaire, the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and 9-item Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9) in March 2017. Results: The average score of work engagement was 4.49±1.42, the mean value of job stress was 1.15±0.33, the average score of depressive symptoms was 6.44±4.30, and the positive rate of depressive symptoms was 66.9%.There was a negative correlation between work engagement with both job stress and depressive symptoms (r=-0.193, -0.397, both P<0.01) , and job stress was positively correlated with depressive symptoms (r=0.260, P<0.01) . The relationship between job stress and depressive symptoms was partly mediated by work engagement, and the mediating effect accounted for 27.2% of the total effect. Conclusion: The work engagement of State Grid staff acts as the mediator between job stress and depressive symptoms, alleviating the depressive symptoms caused by job stress.

[Association between Long Working Hours and Job Stress and Depression among Employees from a State Grid Company].

Objective: This study was to understand the current situation of long working hours and identify the association of long working hours and job stress and depression among workers from one district company of state grid. Methods: The project was done with the cross-sectional survey. All questionnaires were completed by self-administered with informed consent. Employees' weekly working hours was reported by themselves; Using the PHQ-9 scale to assess depression, the JDC Model to evaluate job stress, and SPSS software to analyze data, the single factor chi-square test and multivariate Logistic analysis were performed to identify the association between long working hours and job stress, depression. Results: there were 35.3 percent employees with over 44 hours a week. The association between increasing weekly working hours and job stress and depression was statistically significant. Compared to the reference group (≤44 h) , for those who worked more than 44 hours per week, the odds ratio of job stress was 2.02 (95%CI=1.27-3.23) times increased, and the odds ratio of depression was 1.60 (95%CI=1.01-2.55) times increased, especially for those (≥60 h) , the odds ratio was 3.69 (95%CI=1.45-9.41) and 2.76 (95%CI=1.09-7.03) respectively. Conclusion: Long working hours can significantly increase the risk of job stress and depression among workers. When their weekly working hours exceeds 60, long working hours will be the independent risk factor for both job stress and depression.

Down-expression of miR-373 predicts poor prognosis of glioma and could be a potential therapeutic target.

OBJECTIVE: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are epigenetic regulators of gene expression, and their deregulation plays an important role in human cancer, including glioma. The main objective of this work was to investigate the expression level of miR-373 and its clinical significance in glioma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The expression levels of miR-373 in glioma tissues and non-neoplastic brain tissues were measured by the qRT-PCR assay. Patients were divided into two groups based on the median miR-373 expression. The probability of differences in overall and progression-free survival as a function of time was ascertained by use of the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox regression analysis of factors potentially associated with survival was conducted to identify independent factors. RESULTS: In clinical gastric cancer samples, we found that miR-373 expression was significantly down-regulated in glioma tissues compared with non-neoplastic brain tissues (p<0.01). Reduced expression of miR-373 was associated with serum WHO grade (p=0.015) and KPS score (p=0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that patients with low level of miR-373 expression had poorer overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Multivariate survival analysis verified that miR-373 expression level was an independent predictor of both OS and PFS for glioma patients. CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed miR-373 was associated to progression in glioma, and suggested it as a potential predictive factor for the prognosis of glioma.

[Workplace social capital and intention to stay among Chinese nurses: a structural equation model].

Objective: To explore a model that workplace social capital is associated with intention to stay (ITS) in the nursing profession and that this association is partially mediated by organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and job stress among Chinese nurses. Methods: A cross-sectional, observationalstudy was conducted in Shanghai, China between September and December 2014. Two thousandforty-two nurses from 23 healthcare organizations were recruited for the current study using a two-stage sampling process.Intention to stay, workplace social capital, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and job stress was measured by validated scale. Measured variable path analysis (MVPA) was used to test their hypothesized relationships. Results: There were significant positive direct effects from workplace social capital (ß=0.11, P<0.01) , organizational commitment (ß=0.81, P<0.01) and job satisfaction (ß=0.03, P<0.01) to ITS, and a negative direct effects from job strain to ITS (ß=-0.03, P<0.01) . The model explained 84% of the variability in ITS. Additionally, workplace social capital had significant positive direct effects on organizational commitment (ß=0.65, P<0.01) , job satisfaction (ß=0.44, P<0.01) and negative direct effects on job strain (ß=-0.35, P<0.01) . The indirect effect of social capital to ITS was 0.55. Job satisfaction was positively associated with organizational commitment (r=0.47, P<0.01) , and negtively associated with job stress (r=-0.12, P<0.01) . Job stress was negtively associated with organizational commitment (r=-0.20, P<0.01) . Conclusion: This study suggests that greater workplace social capital may lead to higher ITS in nursing primarily by increasing commitment to the nursing occupation and their job satisfaction and by reducing their sense of job stress.

[An adolescent with Hashimoto's encephalopathy after surgery and ¹³¹I radiotherapy for papillary thyroid carcinoma: one case report].

Hashimoto's encephalopathy is a rare brain disease. Its etiology is still unknown. In this paper, we reported a 15-year-old female patient underwent total thyroidectomy and lymph node dissection, due to a multifocal papilliferous carcinoma of the right lobus. Forty-two days after surgery, the patient was treated by ¹³¹I radiotherapy in another hospital and begun to have a headache after 48 hours. At last, the patient was diagnosed by HE on the basis of all considerations. She recovered from by i.v. Immunoglobulin. Till now, the patient has not relapsed for more than 4 years follow-up.

[Clinical treatment of metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma in cervical lymph nodal with occult primary sites].

Objective:To discuss the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma in cervical lymph nodal with occult primary sites. Method:The clinical data of 5 patients involved papillary thyroid carcinoma with cervical lymph nodal metastasis with occult primary sites from 2009 to 2015 were analyzed. Result:According to preoperation examinations, two of them only underwent neck lymph node resection and three patients underwent asubtotal or total thyroidectomy plus neck lymph node dissection. All the pathological results showed that there were metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma in cervical lymph nodal, but the primary sites of thyroid tissue were normal. After 1 to 7 year follow-up, there was no recurrence. Conclusion:Whether to take the thyroidectomy need to be carefully considered thyroidectomy in patients with metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma in cervical lymph nodal with occult primary sites.

Linear-shear-current modified Schrödinger equation for gravity waves in finite water depth.

A nonlinear Schrödinger equation for the propagation of two-dimensional surface gravity waves on linear shear currents in finite water depth is derived. In the derivation, linear shear currents are assumed to be a linear combination of depth-uniform currents and constant vorticity. Therefore, the equation includes the combined effects of depth-uniform currents and constant vorticity. Next, using the equation, the properties of the modulational instability of gravity waves on linear shear currents are investigated. It is showed that shear currents significantly modify the modulational instability properties of weakly nonlinear waves. Furthermore, the influence of linear shear currents on Peregrine breather which can be seen as a prototype of freak waves is also studied. It is demonstrated that depth-uniform opposing currents can reduce the breather extension in both the time and spatial domain in intermediate water depth, but following currents has the adverse impact, indicating that a wave packets with freak waves formed on following currents contain more hazardous waves in finite water depth. However, the corresponding and coexisting vorticity can counteract the influence of currents. Additionally, if the water depth is deep enough, shear currents have negligible effect on the characteristics of Peregrine breathers.