The Effect of Dietary Patterns on Inflammatory Biomarkers in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Some evidence supports the fact that chronic low-grade inflammation contributes to the physiopathology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and circulating markers of inflammation (e.g., C-reactive protein (CRP), pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers (e.g., adiponectin), and endothelial function markers could indicate an ongoing pathology. Following certain dietary patterns (DPs) may result in favorable changes in inflammatory biomarkers. The overarching aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to explore the inflammatory effect of healthy DPs on inflammatory biomarkers in adults with T2DM. A systematic search of the literature was conducted using the electronic databases MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. A total of 10 randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) were analyzed. In our linear meta-analysis, the random-effects model was applied to estimate standardized mean differences (SMD) to associate the effect of the interventions. Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), Diabetes UK healthy eating, Mediterranean Diet (MD), Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP), and the American Heart Association's Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes diet were associated with a significant reduction in CRP (SMD: −0.83, 99% CI −1.49, −0.17, p < 0.001; I2 94%), while plasma levels of adiponectin were significantly higher with the intake of MD, DPP, and Diabetes UK healthy eating (SMD: 0.81, 99% CI 0.06,1.56, p < 0.005; I2 96%), both of which indicate less inflammation. Sensitivity analyses were carried out, and potential publication bias was examined. In conclusion, low- moderate-quality evidence from RCTs suggests that, for the DPs evaluated, there are favorable changes in CRP and adiponectin.

Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en pacientes trasplantados de córnea de un hospital de tercer nivel / Quality of life in adult patients after the cornea transplant in a third level hospita

Introducción: La grave limitación funcional que conlleva la ceguera o debilidad visual concede al trasplante de córnea un alto valor social, económico y humano. La calidad de vida relacionada con la salud se puede considerar como un indicador de calidad asistencial. Objetivo: Determinar la calidad de vida en pacientes adultos después del trasplante de córnea en un hospital de tercer nivel. Método: Con aprobación ética, se realizó un estudio transversal en pacientes trasplantados de córnea de 2012 a 2016. Se analizaron variables sociodemográficas, calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (SF-36) y agudeza visual en el ojo trasplantado (movimiento de manos, recuento de dedos y test de Snellen). Se aplicaron la prueba de ji cuadrado, el test de Kruskal-Wallis y el test de Wilcoxon; se consideró significativa una p < 0.05. Resultados: Se incluyeron 60 pacientes de 17 a 89 años de edad receptores de trasplante de córnea. El motivo de trasplante más frecuente fue por queratocono (n = 36). El 60% (n = 36) tuvieron buena visión después del trasplante y se hallaron diferencias significativas entre la agudeza visual del ojo trasplantado preoperatoria y posoperatoria (p = 0.000). La calidad de vida fue buena en el 86.67% de la muestra. Las dimensiones de la calidad de vida fueron mayores a medida que mejoró la agudeza visual (p < 0.05). Conclusiones: El seguimiento a pacientes trasplantados de córnea es indispensable para evaluar los resultados de la atención médica.

Introduction: The severe functional limitation that blindness or visual weakness entails gives a high social, economic and human value to corneal transplantation. The quality of life related to health can be considered as an indicator of quality of care. Objective: To determine the quality of life in adult patients, after the cornea transplant in a third level hospital. Method: With ethical approval, a cross-sectional survey was carried out in patients transplanted from the cornea from 2012 to 1016. Sociodemographic variables, quality of life related to health (SF-36) and visual acuity (hand movement, counting of fingers and Snellen test). Chi-square test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Wilcoxon test and p < 0.05 were considered significant. Results: We included 60 patients from 17 to 89 years of age, transplanted from the cornea. The most frequent reason for transplant was keratoconus (n = 36). Sixty percent (n = 36) had good vision after transplantation and significant differences were found between visual acuity before and after surgery (p = 0.000). The quality of life was good in 86.67% of the sample. The dimensions of quality of life were greater as visual acuity improved (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The follow-up of patients transplanted from the cornea is essential to evaluate the results of medical care