[Experimental models in epilepsy]. / Modelos experimentales en epilepsia.

INTRODUCTION: epilepsy is one of the neurological pathologies with the highest rate of incidence and with a significant number of negatives consequences. Current pharmacological treatments have an antiepileptic effect, allowing control over 70% of the patients, but they are not able to prevent the development of epileptogenesis from occurring. METHOD: ee have reviewed the most relevant publications of experimental animal models with epilepsy by using the PubMed data base. RESULTS: we found a large number of publications related to different kinds of experimental models, both genetic (transgenic, genetically determined) and lesional which appeared to resemble the different types of human epilepsy. CONCLUSIONS: even though many important improvements have been accomplished in the area of epilepsy in the last decades, there are still many aspects to be clarified. In this regard, experimental models might become a very useful means for a better understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms and in the search for more efficient treatments.

Modelos experimentales en epilepsia / Experimental models in epilepsy

Introducción: La epilepsia es una de las enfermedades neurológicas más frecuentes, y además conlleva una tasa de consecuencias negativas muy importante, tanto para el paciente como para los familiares. Su manifestación clínica principal es la aparición de crisis epilépticas recurrentes, que en el 70-80% de los casos se controlan con la medicación. Sin embargo, a pesar de que van apareciendo nuevos fármacos para el control de las crisis, no disponemos todavía de fármacos que consigan evitar la epileptogénesis. Método: Revisamos las publicaciones más relevantes de modelos animales experimentales en epilepsia utilizando para ello la base de datos de PubMed. Resultados: Se han encontrado un amplio número de publicaciones sobre tipos de modelos experimentales tanto genéticos (transgénicos, genéticamente determinados) como lesionales (químicos o eléctricos), que intentan imitar los diferentes tipos de epilepsia en humanos. Conclusiones: A pesar de que en las últimas décadas se han hecho importantes avances en el campo de la epilepsia, aún quedan muchos aspectos por dilucidar. En este sentido, los modelos experimentales pueden suponer una herramienta muy útil para el avance en el conocimiento de los mecanismos fisiopatológicos y en la búsqueda de tratamientos eficaces (AU)

Introduction: Epilepsy is one of the neurological pathologies with the highest rate of incidence and with a significant number of negatives consequences. Current pharmacological treatments have an antiepileptic effect, allowing control over 70% of the patients, but they are not able to prevent the development of epileptogenesis from occurring. Method: Ee have reviewed the most relevant publications of experimental animal models with epilepsy by using the PubMed data base. Results: We found a large number of publications related to different kinds of experimental models, both genetic (transgenic, genetically determined) and lesional which appeared to resemble the different types of human epilepsy. Conclusions: Even though many important improvements have been accomplished in the area of epilepsy in the last decades, there are still many aspects to be clarified. In this regard, experimental models might become a very useful means for a better understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms and in the search for more efficient treatments (AU)

[Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma]. / Hematoma epidural espinal espontáneo.

Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma Spinal epidural hematoma is defined as spontaneous when there is no known underlying cause or predisposing bleeding factor. Its incidence is very low, approximately one per million inhabitants per year. However, it may cause acute and irreversible neurological symptoms. For this reason, it is considered a neurosurgical emergency that requires rapid diagnosis and treatment. The most common clinical presentation involves acute vertebral pain with radicular radiation to one or several limbs) followed by neurological signs below the lesion. Neuroradiology imaging, particularly the magnetic resonance imaging, will determine the topography and diagnosis. There are some case reports in the literature that resolved spontaneously, however, most patients require laminectomy and drainage of the hematoma. We report the case of a 65 year-old woman with a background of hypertension, who presented with an acute pain syndrome in the interscapular region radiating to both upper limbs, followed by right sided hemiparesis, as the initial symptom and sign of a spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma.

Vértigo como síntoma inicial de un mixoma en un varón joven / Vertigo as initial symptom of a mixoma in a young male

No disponible