Fish Oil Enriched Intravenous Lipid Emulsions Reduce Triglyceride Levels in Non-Critically Ill Patients with TPN and Type 2 Diabetes. A Post-Hoc Analysis of the INSUPAR Study.

There are no studies that have specifically assessed the role of intravenous lipid emulsions (ILE) enriched with fish oil in people with diabetes receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). The objective of this study was to assess the metabolic control (glycemic and lipid) and in-hospital complications that occurred in non-critically ill inpatients with TPN and type 2 diabetes with regard to the use of fish oil emulsions compared with other ILEs. We performed a post-hoc analysis of the Insulin in Parenteral Nutrition (INSUPAR) trial that included patients who started with TPN for any cause and that would predictably continue with TPN for at least five days. The study included 161 patients who started with TPN for any cause. There were 80 patients (49.7%) on fish oil enriched ILEs and 81 patients (50.3%) on other ILEs. We found significant decreases in triglyceride levels in the fish oil group compared to the other patients. We did not find any differences in glucose metabolic control: mean capillary glucose, glycemic variability, and insulin dose, except in the number of mild hypoglycemic events that was significantly higher in the fish oil group. We did not observe any differences in other metabolic, liver or infectious complications, in-hospital length of stay or mortality.

RISK FACTORS FOR HYPOGLYCEMIA IN INPATIENTS WITH TOTAL PARENTERAL NUTRITION AND TYPE 2 DIABETES: A POST HOC ANALYSIS OF THE INSUPAR STUDY.

Objective: Treatment of hyperglycemia with insulin is associated with increased risk of hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). The aim of this study was to determine the predictors of hypoglycemia in hospitalized T2DM patients receiving TPN. Methods: Post hoc analysis of the INSUPAR study, which is a prospective, open-label, multicenter clinical trial of adult inpatients with T2DM in a noncritical setting with indication for TPN. Results: The study included 161 patients; 31 patients (19.3%) had hypoglycemic events, but none of them was severe. In univariate analysis, hypoglycemia was significantly associated with the presence of diabetes with end-organ damage, duration of diabetes, use of insulin prior to admission, glycemic variability (GV), belonging to the glargine insulin group in the INSUPAR trial, mean daily grams of lipids in TPN, mean insulin per 10 grams of carbohydrates, duration of TPN, and increase in urea during TPN. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the presence of diabetes with end-organ damage, GV, use of glargine insulin, and TPN duration were risk factors for hypoglycemia. Conclusion: The presence of T2DM with end-organ damage complications, longer TPN duration, belonging to the glargine insulin group, and greater GV are factors associated with the risk of hypoglycemia in diabetic noncritically ill inpatients with parenteral nutrition. Abbreviations: ADA = American Diabetes Association; BMI = body mass index; CV% = coefficient of variation; DM = diabetes mellitus; GI = glargine insulin; GV = glycemic variability; ICU = intensive care unit; RI = regular insulin; T2DM = type 2 diabetes mellitus; TPN = total parenteral nutrition.

Regular insulin added to total parenteral nutrition vs subcutaneous glargine in non-critically ill diabetic inpatients, a multicenter randomized clinical trial: INSUPAR trial.

BACKGROUND: There is no established insulin regimen in T2DM patients receiving parenteral nutrition. AIMS: To compare the effectiveness (metabolic control) and safety of two insulin regimens in patients with diabetes receiving TPN. DESIGN: Prospective, open-label, multicenter, clinical trial on adult inpatients with type 2 diabetes on a non-critical setting with indication for TPN. Patients were randomized on one of these two regimens: 100% of RI on TPN or 50% of Regular insulin added to TPN bag and 50% subcutaneous GI. Data were analyzed according to intention-to-treat principle. RESULTS: 81 patients were on RI and 80 on GI. No differences were observed in neither average total daily dose of insulin, programmed or correction, nor in capillary mean blood glucose during TPN infusion (165.3 ± 35.4 in RI vs 172.5 ± 43.6 mg/dL in GI; p = 0.25). Mean capillary glucose was significantly lower in the GI group within two days after TPN interruption (160.3 ± 45.1 in RI vs 141.7 ± 43.8 mg/dL in GI; p = 0.024). The percentage of capillary glucose above 180 mg/dL was similar in both groups. The rate of capillary glucose ≤70 mg/dL, the number of hypoglycemic episodes per 100 days of TPN, and the percentage of patients with non-severe hypoglycemia were significantly higher on GI group. No severe hypoglycemia was detected. No differences were observed in length of stay, infectious complications, or hospital mortality. CONCLUSION: Effectiveness of both regimens was similar. GI group achieved better metabolic control after TPN interruption but non-severe hypoglycemia rate was higher in the GI group. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY: This trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02706119.

Consensus document on exclusion diets in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

This paper summarizes the contents of a consensus document on exclusion diets in irritable bowel disease that was developed by a task force from SEPD, FEAD, SENPE, FESNAD, SEÑ, SEEN, SEGHNP, SEDCA and ADENYD. The complete document is available at the FEAD and in SENPE websites. Irritable bowel syndrome is a highly prevalent functional digestive disorder where, in addition to drugs, therapy includes diet and acquisition of healthy habits as basic elements for its control. In order to facilitate dietary counseling for these patients in daily practice, the present consensus document on the role of exclusion diets was developed. To this end, consensus opinions were collected from various experts in the national scientific societies aiming at establishing recommendations applicable to the health care of patients with irritable bowel syndrome.

Documento de consenso sobre las dietas de exclusión en el síndrome del intestino irritable (SII) / Consensus document on exclusion diets in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

Este documento resume el contenido del documento de consenso sobre las dietas de exclusión en el síndrome del intestino irritable elaborado por el grupo de trabajo de la SEPD, FEAD, SENPE, FESNAD, SEÑ, SEEN, SEGHNP, SEDCA y ADENYD. El documento completo está disponible en la web de la SEPD. El síndrome del intestino irritable es un trastorno funcional digestivo muy prevalente en el que, aparte del farmacológico, el tratamiento dietético y la adquisición de hábitos saludables son básicos para su control. Para facilitar el consejo dietético a estos pacientes en la práctica diaria se ha elaborado el presente documento de consenso sobre el papel de las dietas de evitación en el síndrome del intestino irritable. Para ello se ha recogido la opinión consensuada de diferentes expertos que representan a las principales sociedades científicas nacionales para establecer unas recomendaciones aplicables en la práctica asistencial en los pacientes con síndrome del intestino irritable

This paper summarizes the contents of a consensus document on exclusion diets in irritable bowel disease that was developed by a task force from SEPD, FEAD, SENPE, FESNAD, SEÑ, SEEN, SEGHNP, SEDCA and ADENYD. The complete document is available at the SEPD website. Irritable bowel syndrome is a highly prevalent functional digestive disorder where, in addition to drugs, therapy includes diet and acquisition of healthy habits as basic elements for its control. In order to facilitate dietary counseling for these patients in daily practice, the present consensus document on the role of exclusion diets was developed. To this end, consensus opinions were collected from various experts in the national scientific societies aiming at establishing recommendations applicable to the health care of patients with irritable bowel syndrome

Consensus document on exclusion diets in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) / Documento de consenso sobre las dietas de exclusión en el síndrome del intestino irritable (SII)

This paper summarizes the contents of a consensus document on exclusion diets in irritable bowel disease that was developed by a task force from SEPD, FEAD, SENPE, FESNAD, SEÑ, SEEN, SEGHNP, SEDCA and ADENYD. The complete document is available at the FEAD and in SENPE websites. Irritable bowel syndrome is a highly prevalent functional digestive disorder where, in addition to drugs, therapy includes diet and acquisition of healthy habits as basic elements for its control. In order to facilitate dietary counseling for these patients in daily practice, the present consensus document on the role of exclusion diets was developed. To this end, consensus opinions were collected from various experts in the national scientific societies aiming at establishing recommendations applicable to the health care of patients with irritable bowel syndrome

Este documento resume el contenido del documento de consenso sobre las dietas de exclusión en el síndrome del intestino irritable elaborado por el grupo de trabajo de la SEPD, FEAD, SENPE, FESNAD, SEÑ, SEEN, SEGHNP, SEDCA y ADENYD. El documento completo está disponible en la web de la FEAD. El síndrome del intestino irritable es un trastorno funcional digestivo muy prevalente en el que, aparte del farmacológico, el tratamiento dietético y la adquisición de hábitos saludables son básicos para su control. Para facilitar el consejo dietético a estos pacientes en la práctica diaria se ha elaborado el presente documento de consenso sobre el papel de las dietas de evitación en el síndrome del intestino irritable. Para ello se ha recogido la opinión consensuada de diferentes expertos que representan a las principales sociedades científicas nacionales para establecer unas recomendaciones aplicables en la práctica asistencial en los pacientes con síndrome del intestino irritable

Consensus document on exclusion diets in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

This paper summarizes the contents of a consensus document on exclusion diets in irritable bowel disease that was developed by a task force from SEPD, FEAD, SENPE, FESNAD, SEÑ, SEEN, SEGHNP, SEDCA and ADENYD. The complete document is available at the SEPD website. Irritable bowel syndrome is a highly prevalent functional digestive disorder where, in addition to drugs, therapy includes diet and acquisition of healthy habits as basic elements for its control. In order to facilitate dietary counseling for these patients in daily practice, the present consensus document on the role of exclusion diets was developed. To this end, consensus opinions were collected from various experts in the national scientific societies aiming at establishing recommendations applicable to the health care of patients with irritable bowel syndrome.

Health-related quality of life in diabetes mellitus and its social, demographic and clinical determinants: A nationwide cross-sectional survey.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To investigate health-related quality of life in a representative sample of adults with diabetes mellitus in Spain, as well as its clinical and sociodemographic determinants. BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease causing considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide, resulting in an impaired quality of life in affected people. DESIGN: A nationwide cross-sectional study, based on an online survey and carried out between February-March 2016, was performed on diabetic subjects recruited through diabetic patients' organisations. METHODS: A validated Spanish-language version of the self-administered Diabetes Quality of Life questionnaire was used, with 0 being the worst and 100 the best QoL level. Determinant factors of health-related quality of life were assessed with the aid of multivariate analysis to control for confounding factors. RESULTS: The responses provided by 456 patients (52.4% being women) revealed an overall mean score of 66.4 ± 13.3. Social/vocational worries and diabetes-related worries were the dimensions with the highest (74.3 ± 20.1) and lowest (61.1 ± 20.6) scores, respectively. Younger age, female gender, having no studies and poor glycaemic control were all independent determinants for an impaired overall health-related quality of life, with most of these factors having a higher impact than the dimensions negative impact of therapy on daily life, satisfaction with therapy and diabetes-related worries. Married (or equivalent) subjects had better scores in the diabetes-related worries dimension. The perception of health-related quality of life progressively worsens as glycaemic control deteriorates and with an increased number of disease complications. Most of the associations did not vary significantly with the type of diabetes mellitus. CONCLUSION: Overall health-related quality of life perception in the Spanish diabetic population is moderate and depends on several sociodemographic factors. Adequate glycaemic control to avoid disease complications improves perception. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: The results can help health professionals to develop strategies to promote diabetic patient self-care, in order to improve the metabolic control of the disease and avoid its complications, as a therapeutic goal towards an improvement in health-related quality of life perception.

Prevalence of diabetes, prediabetes, and stress hyperglycemia: insulin therapy and metabolic control in patients on total parenteral nutrition (prospective multicenter study).

OBJECTIVE: The prevalence of carbohydrate metabolism disorders in patients who receive total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is not well known. These disorders can affect the treatment, metabolic control, and prognosis of affected patients. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence in noncritically ill patients on TPN of diabetes, prediabetes, and stress hyperglycemia; the factors affecting hyperglycemia during TPN; and the insulin therapy provided and the metabolic control achieved. METHODS: We undertook a prospective multicenter study involving 19 Spanish hospitals. Noncritically ill patients who were prescribed TPN were included, and data were collected on demographic, clinical, and laboratory variables (glycated hemoglobin, C-reactive protein [CRP], capillary blood glucose) as well as insulin treatment. RESULTS: The study included 605 patients. Before initiation of TPN, the prevalence of known diabetes was 17.4%, unknown diabetes 4.3%, stress hyperglycemia 7.1%, and prediabetes 27.8%. During TPN therapy, 50.9% of patients had at least one capillary blood glucose of >180 mg/dL. Predisposing factors were age, levels of CRP and glycated hemoglobin, the presence of diabetes, infectious complications, the number of grams of carbohydrates infused, and the administration of glucose-elevating drugs. Most (71.6%) patients were treated with insulin. The mean capillary blood glucose levels during TPN were: known diabetes (178.6 ± 46.5 mg/dL), unknown diabetes (173.9 ± 51.9), prediabetes (136.0 ± 25.4), stress hyperglycemia (146.0 ± 29.3), and normal (123.2 ± 19.9) (P<.001). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of carbohydrate metabolism disorders is very high in noncritically ill patients on TPN. These disorders affect insulin treatment and the degree of metabolic control achieved.

Hypoglycemia in noncritically ill patients receiving total parenteral nutrition: a multicenter study. (Study group on the problem of hyperglycemia in parenteral nutrition; Nutrition area of the Spanish Society of Endocrinology and Nutrition).

OBJECTIVE: Hypoglycemia is a common problem among hospitalized patients. Treatment of hyperglycemia with insulin is potentially associated with an increased risk for hypoglycemia. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and predictors of hypoglycemia (capillary blood glucose <70 mg/dL) in hospitalized patients receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). METHODS: This prospective multicenter study involved 19 Spanish hospitals. Noncritically ill adults who were prescribed TPN were included, thus enabling us to collect data on capillary blood glucose and insulin dosage. RESULTS: The study included 605 patients of whom 6.8% (n = 41) had at least one capillary blood glucose <70 mg/dL and 2.6% (n = 16) had symptomatic hypoglycemia. The total number of hypoglycemic episodes per 100 d of TPN was 0.82. In univariate analysis, hypoglycemia was significantly associated with the presence of diabetes, a lower body mass index (BMI), and treatment with intravenous (IV) insulin. Patients with hypoglycemia also had a significantly longer hospital length of stay, PN duration, higher blood glucose variability, and a higher insulin dose. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that a lower BMI, high blood glucose variability, and TPN duration were risk factors for hypoglycemia. Use of IV insulin and blood glucose variability were predictors of symptomatic hypoglycemia. CONCLUSIONS: The occurrence of hypoglycemia in noncritically ill patients receiving PN is low. A lower BMI and a greater blood glucose variability and TPN duration are factors associated with the risk for hypoglycemia. IV insulin and glucose variability were predictors of symptomatic hypoglycemia.

Nutrition-related risk indexes and long-term mortality in noncritically ill inpatients who receive total parenteral nutrition (prospective multicenter study).

BACKGROUND: Malnutrition in hospitalized patients is associated with an increased risk of death, in both the short and the long term. AIMS: The purpose of this study was to determine which nutrition-related risk index predicts long-term mortality better (three years) in patients who receive total parenteral nutrition (TPN). METHODS: This prospective, multicenter study involved noncritically ill patients who were prescribed TPN during hospitalization. Data were collected on Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), Nutritional Risk Index (NRI), Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), body mass index, albumin and prealbumin, as well as long-term mortality. RESULTS: Over the 1- and 3-year follow-up periods, 174 and 244 study subjects (28.8% and 40.3%) respectively, died. Based on the Cox proportional hazards survival model, the nutrition-related risk indexes most strongly associated with mortality were SGA and albumin (<2.5 g/dL) (after adjustment for age, gender, C-reactive protein levels, prior comorbidity, mean capillary blood glucose during TPN infusion, diabetes status prior to TPN, diagnosis, and infectious complications during hospitalization). CONCLUSIONS: The SGA and very low albumin levels are simple tools that predict the risk of long-term mortality better than other tools in noncritically ill patients who receive TPN during hospitalization.

Bone mineral density in adult coeliac disease: an updated review.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: coeliac disease (CD) affects around 1-2 % of the world population. Most patients are now diagnosed when adults, suffering the consequences of an impaired bone mineralization. This review aims to provide an updated discussion on the relationship between low bone mineral density (BMD), osteopenia and osteoporosis, and CD. METHODS: a PubMed search restricted to the last 15 years was conducted. Sources cited in the results were also reviewed to identify potential sources of information. RESULTS: low BMD affects up to 75 % of celiac patients, and can be found at any age, independently of positive serological markers and presence of digestive symptoms. The prevalence of CD among osteoporotic patients is also significantly increased. Two theories try to explain this origin of low BMD: Micronutrients malabsorption (including calcium and vitamin D) determined by villous atrophy has been related to secondary hyperparathyroidism and incapacity to achieve the potential bone mass peak; chronic inflammation was also related with RANKL secretion, osteoclasts activation and increased bone resorption. As a consequence, celiac patients have a risk for bone fractures that exceed 40 % that of matched non-affected population. Treatment of low BMD in CD comprises gluten-free diet, calcium and vitamin D supplementation, and biphosphonates, although its effects on CD have not been specifically assessed. CONCLUSIONS: up to 75 % of celiac patients and 40 % of that diagnosed in adulthood present a low BMD and a variable increase in the risk of bone fractures. Epidemiological changes in CD make bone density scans more relevant for adult coeliacs.

Real-time continuous glucose monitoring or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion, what goes first?: results of a pilot study.

BACKGROUND: Dual devices allow both continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and real-time (RT) continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). Patients usually start with CSII, adding RT-CGM later (CGM post-CSII). Lack of use of RT-CGM is the main limiting factor of dual device results. Initiating RT-CGM before CSII (CGM pre-CSII) could increase RT-CGM frequency use and further improve glycemic control. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In this 26-week pilot study, we randomly assigned, via sealed envelopes, 16 CSII and RT-CGM to naive patients 14 years of age or older with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) to CGM post-CSII or CGM pre-CSII. The Paradigm® Veo™ (Medtronic Inc., Northridge, CA) was the dual device used in all patients. The primary end point was frequency of use of RT-CGM between both groups at week 26. RESULTS: We detected a significant higher RT-CGM frequency use in the CGM pre-CSII group at week 26 (78.4±10.9% vs. 56.0±40.8%; P=0.01), although we did not detect hemoglobin A1c level differences. In addition, CGM pre-CSII patients presented less time in hypoglycemia (average daily area under curve <70 mg/dL per 24 h, 0.87±1.02 mg/dL/day vs. 3.32±2.19 mg/dL/day; P=0.021), and no severe hypoglycemia events were detected during 26 weeks in this group. CONCLUSIONS: CGM pre-CSII is effective in increasing RT-CGM frequency use in T1DM patients. This is accompanied by a significant reduction in time in hypoglycemia.

Bone mineral density in adult coeliac disease: an updated review / Densidad mineral ósea en la enfermedad celiaca del adulto: una revisión actualizada

Introduction and objectives: coeliac disease (CD) affects around 1-2 % of the world population. Most patients are now diagnosed when adults, suffering the consequences of an impaired bone mineralization. This review aims to provide an updated discussion on the relationship between low bone mineral density (BMD), osteopenia and osteoporosis, and CD. Methods: a PubMed search restricted to the last 15 years was conducted. Sources cited in the results were also reviewed to identify potential sources of information. Results: low BMD affects up to 75 % of celiac patients, and can be found at any age, independently of positive serological markers and presence of digestive symptoms. The prevalence of CD among osteoporotic patients is also significantly increased. Two theories try to explain this origin of low BMD: Micronutrients malabsorption (including calcium and vitamin D) determined by villous atrophy has been related to secondary hyperparathyroidism and incapacity to achieve the potential bone mass peak; chronic inflammation was also related with RANKL secretion, osteoclasts activation and increased bone resorption. As a consequence, celiac patients have a risk for bone fractures that exceed 40 % that of matched non-affected population. Treatment of low BMD in CD comprises gluten-free diet, calcium and vitamin D supplementation, and biphosphonates, although its effects on CD have not been specifically assessed. Conclusions: up to 75 % of celiac patients and 40 % of that diagnosed in adulthood present a low BMD and a variable increase in the risk of bone fractures. Epidemiological changes in CD make bone density scans more relevant for adult coeliacs(AU)

Parenteral nutrition-associated hyperglycemia in non-critically ill inpatients increases the risk of in-hospital mortality (multicenter study).

OBJECTIVE: Hyperglycemia may increase mortality in patients who receive total parenteral nutrition (TPN). However, this has not been well studied in noncritically ill patients (i.e., patients in the nonintensive care unit setting). The aim of this study was to determine whether mean blood glucose level during TPN infusion is associated with increased mortality in noncritically ill hospitalized patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This prospective multicenter study involved 19 Spanish hospitals. Noncritically ill patients who were prescribed TPN were included prospectively, and data were collected on demographic, clinical, and laboratory variables as well as on in-hospital mortality. RESULTS: The study included 605 patients (mean age 63.2 ± 15.7 years). The daily mean TPN values were 1.630 ± 323 kcal, 3.2 ± 0.7 g carbohydrates/kg, 1.26 ± 0.3 g amino acids/kg, and 0.9 ± 0.2 g lipids/kg. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the patients who had mean blood glucose levels >180 mg/dL during the TPN infusion had a risk of mortality that was 5.6 times greater than those with mean blood glucose levels <140 mg/dL (95% CI 1.47-21.4 mg/dL) after adjusting for age, sex, nutritional state, presence of diabetes or hyperglycemia before starting TPN, diagnosis, prior comorbidity, carbohydrates infused, use of steroid therapy, SD of blood glucose level, insulin units supplied, infectious complications, albumin, C-reactive protein, and HbA1c levels. CONCLUSIONS: Hyperglycemia (mean blood glucose level >180 mg/dL) in noncritically ill patients who receive TPN is associated with a higher risk of in-hospital mortality.

Bone mineral density directly correlates with duodenal Marsh stage in newly diagnosed adult celiac patients.

OBJECTIVES: To estimate the prevalence of low bone mineral density (BMD) in a prospective series of adult celiac patients and to identify nutritional and metabolic factors associated with osteoporosis and osteopenia. METHODS: Patients over 18 years of age who were consecutively and newly diagnosed with celiac disease (CD) were recruited. A bone density scan with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was carried out on the left hip and lumbar spine; nutritional parameters were analyzed and a hormone study conducted in order to exclude secondary low BMD. RESULTS: 40 patients (36 females/4 males) between the ages of 18 and 68 (mean 44.25 years) were recruited. Overall, at the moment of diagnosis 45% of patients exhibited low BMD at both demarcations. Risk of hip fracture was generally low, but ascended to mild in patients with villous atrophy (p = 0.011). Differences in major fracture risk were also observed depending on Marsh stage (p = 0.015). Significant differences were observed in nutritional status between patients with and without duodenal villous atrophy, with body mass index and blood levels of prealbumin, iron, vitamin D and folic acid significantly lower in Marsh III stage patients. No differences were found in blood hormone levels between Marsh stages or BMDs. The degree of bone mass loss in the lumbar spine directly correlated to Marsh stage. In the hip, a parallel association between BMD and Marsh stage was also observed, but did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSION: Duodenal villous atrophy, through malabsorption, was the main determinant factor for low BMD in adult-onset CD patients.

Valoración del programa de formación de médicos residentes en Endocrinología y Nutrición por facultativos: resultados de una encuesta / Assessment of a residency training program in endocrinology and nutrition by physicians: Results of a survey

Background and objective The current training program for resident physicians in endocrinology and nutrition (EN) organizes their medical learning. Program evaluation by physicians was assessed using a survey. Material and method The survey asked about demographic variables, EN training methods, working time and center, and opinion on training program contents. Results Fifty-one members of Sociedad Castellano-Manchega de Endocrinología, Nutrición y Diabetes, and Sociedad Andaluza de Endocrinología y Nutrición completed the survey. Forty-percent of them disagreed with the compulsory nature of internal medicine, cardiology, nephrology and, especially, neurology rotations (60%); a majority (>50%) were against several recommended rotations included in the program. The fourth year of residence was considered by 37.8% of respondents as the optimum time for outpatient and inpatient control and monitoring without direct supervision. The recommended monthly number of on-call duties was 3.8±1.2. We detected a positive opinion about extension of residence duration to 4.4±0.5 years. Doctoral thesis development during the residence period was not considered convenient by 66.7% of physicians. Finally, 97.8% of resident physicians would recommend residency in EN to other colleagues. Conclusions Endocrinologists surveyed disagreed with different training program aspects such as the rotation system, skill acquisition timing, and on-call duties. Therefore, an adaptation of the current training program in EN would be required( AU)

Antecedentes y objetivos El programa de formación MIR regula el aprendizaje de los médicos residentes en Endocrinología y Nutrición (EYN). Evaluamos la valoración que realizan los facultativos en EYN sobre dicho programa mediante una encuesta. Material y método La encuesta incluía: variables demográficas, vía y hospital de formación, tiempo trabajado, centro de trabajo actual, y la opinión sobre el contenido del programa de formación: sistema de rotaciones, competencias, guardias, y otras preguntas. Resultados Se encuestó a 51 endocrinólogos asistentes a las Jornadas de Casos Clínicos de las Sociedades Castellano-Manchega y Andaluza de EYN (SCAMEND, SAEN). Los entrevistados mostraron su desacuerdo con las rotaciones obligatorias durante el primer año de residencia en Neurología y Protección Radiológica, y con las recomendables por Digestivo, Neumología, Hematología y Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. Sin embargo, creyeron convenientes las obligatorias a partir del segundo año de residencia dentro del propio Servicio de EYN (Hospital de Día, Consultas Externas y Nutrición). El 37,8% de los encuestados consideraron el cuarto año de residencia como el momento en que el residente puede realizar sin tutorización el control y seguimiento de pacientes ambulatorios y hospitalizados (nivel 1 de responsabilidad). La mayoría de los (..) (AU)

Valoración del programa de formación MIR en endocrinología y nutrición: resultados de una encuesta dirigida a residentes / Assessment of a residency training program in endocrinology and nutrition: Results of a resident survey

Introducción En 2006 se aprobó un nuevo programa formativo para la especialidad endocrinología y nutrición (EYN). Con la realización de una encuesta a los residentes de la especialidad tratamos de evaluar cómo es la formación de nuestros residentes, el grado de conocimiento y cumplimiento del nuevo programa y posibles cambios en la formación de especialistas de EYN derivados de ello comparando los resultados con los de encuestas previas. Material y métodos Se utilizó la misma encuesta ya distribuida en 2000 y 2005. La encuesta incluye variables demográficas, y preguntas sobre las distintas rotaciones, formación práctica y científica, evaluación de los distintos servicios de origen y otros aspectos. Se compararon los resultados con los de 2005.Resultados La encuesta fue completada por 40 residentes. Las rotaciones obligatorias se cumplen en su mayoría a excepción de neurología. Existen rotaciones que han quedado fuera del programa como radiología y medicina nuclear que aún son frecuentes y que los residentes incluirían de nuevo. Existe poco cumplimiento en los aspectos de formación práctica del área de endocrinología. Un 40% de los residentes desconoce aún el programa, aunque un 60% considera que se cumple. El 82,5% considera que sus servicios consiguen los objetivos formativos. Conclusiones Existen pocas diferencias respecto a las rotaciones respecto a los datos obtenidos en 2005 a pesar del cambio de programa y sigue habiendo carencias en aspectos prácticos de la especialidad. Por el contrario, se percibe una mejoría de la valoración de los residentes de la formación recibida por sus servicios y facultativos adjuntos con respecto a encuestas previas(AU)

Introduction In 2006, a new training program was approved for resident physicians in endocrinology and nutrition (EN). A survey was conducted to EN residents to assess their training, their depth of knowledge, and compliance with the new program, as well as potential changes in training, and the results obtained were compared to those from previous surveys. Material and methods A survey previously conducted in 2000 and 2005 was used for this study. The survey included demographic factors, questions about the different rotations, scientific and practical training, assessment of their training departments and other aspects. Results of the current survey were compared to those of the 2005 survey. Results The survey was completed by 40 residents. Mandatory rotations are mainly fulfilled, except for neurology. Some rotations removed from the program, such as radiology and nuclear medicine, still are frequently performed and popular among residents, who would include them back into the program. There was a low compliance with practical training in the endocrinology area. Forty percent of residents were not aware of the new program, but 60% thought that it was fulfilled. A total of 82.5% of residents thought that their departments fulfilled the training objectives. Conclusions Few differences were found in rotations as compared to the data collected in 2005 despite changes in the training program, and there was still a lack of practical training. By contrast, rating of training received from departments and senior physicians was improved as compared to prior surveys (AU)